非谓语动词作定语语法讲义Word下载.docx
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3)—Thelastone__________________paysthemeal、
—Agreed!
(2007全国卷I)
A、arrivedB、arrivesC、toarriveD、arriving
四.作定语得具体用法:
1、能作定语得不定式与分词有:
todo,tobedone,doing,beingdone,done(务必牢记)、
注:
havingdone绝对不能作定语。
原因:
当作定语得非谓语动词得动作明显发生在谓语动词动作之前时,此时不能用非谓语动词作定语,即不能用havingdone作定语,必须用定语从句作定语。
Theoldman,havingwaitedforthebusforhalfanhour,foundhehadlefthiswalletathome、(这句话中得havingwaited,作得不就是定语,而就是状语)
Theoldman,whohadwaitedforthebusforhalfanhour,foundhehadlefthiswalletathome
五.作定语得非谓语动词与所修饰得名词之间得关系:
todo:
只表示动作还没发生,不强调与逻辑主语得主被动关系。
Ihavealotofthingstodo、
Theyearstofollowwillbeveryhard、
tobedone:
与逻辑主语既就是被动得,又表示动作还没发生。
Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowwillbeveryimportant、
doing(及物动词):
与逻辑主语就是主动关系
Hereceivedalettersayinghismotherwouldetoseehimsoon、
beingdone(及物动词):
与逻辑主语既就是被动得,又表示动作正在进行
Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant、
done(及物动词):
与逻辑主语既就是被动得,又表示动作已经完成。
注:
Thingslostwillnevereagain、
Wefinishedtheworkinlessthanhalfthetimeallowed、
不及物动词得现在分词作定语:
表示动作正在进行;
过去分词作定语:
只表示动作得完成,不表被动。
thedevelopingcountries:
发展中国家
thedevelopedcountries:
发达国家
六.不定式作定语得几种情况及注意事项
a)当被修饰得名词之前有序数词或形容词最高级并且与所修饰得名词就是主动关系时,要用不定式作定语。
Heisthebestpersontodothejob、
ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames、
b)当被修饰得名词就是抽象名词时,要用不定式作定语。
DoyouhavetheabilitytowriteinEnglish、
c)作定语得不定式如果就是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰得名词就是不定式动作得地点、工具等,不定式之后必须有相应得介词。
但就是如果不定式所修饰得名词就是time,place或way时,不定式之后得介词习惯上可以省略。
Ineedaroomtolivein、
Ineedapentowritewith、
Ihadmoneyandnoplacetolive(in)、
d)当作定语得不定式与所修饰得名词就是被动关系时,不定式既可用主动形式,也可以用被动形式,但表达得含义不同。
试比较:
Ihavealotofthingstodo、我有很多事情要做。
(我就就是todo动作得发出者)
Ihavealotofthingstobedone、我有很多事情要做。
(被别人做,别人就是tobedone动作得发出者)
七.非谓语动词作定语得一些用法比较:
1、tobedone,beingdone,done作定语得区别
相同点:
与所修饰得名词都就是被动关系
不同点:
在时间上
、tobedone:
动作未发生
beingdone:
动作正在进行
done:
动作已完成
如:
Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowwillbeveryimportant
Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant
Themeetingheldyesterdaywasveryimportant、
2、havesomethingtodo与havesomethingtobedone得区别
havesomethingtodo:
主语有事自己做
havesomethingtobedone:
主语有事让别人做
非谓语动词作定语高考题专练
1、Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanallexpenses_________vacationtoChina、
A、payingB、paidC、tobepaidD、beingpaid
2、Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest_________inayear、
A、followsB、followedC、tofollowD、beingfollowed
3、Therehavebeenseveralnewevents________totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames、
A、addB、toaddC、addingD、added
4、Therearehundredsofvisitors_______infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings、
A、waitedB、towaitC、waitingD、wait
5、Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents________Chineseintheschool,most________werefromGermany、
A、study;
ofwhomB、study;
ofthemC、studying;
ofthemD、studying;
ofwhom
6、TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames________inBeijingin2008、
A、holdB、holdingC、heldD、tobeheld
7、Mr、Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone_____、
A、blamedB、blamingC、toblameD、tobeblamed
8、Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle____toordinarypeopletheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection、
A、beinggivenB、isgivenC、givenD、wasgiven
9、Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom、(2007全国卷II)
A、openedandclosedB、tobeopenedandclosed
C、beingopenedandclosedD、toopenandclose
10、TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime、(2007上海卷)
A、tobepletedB、havingbeenpletedC、pletedD、beingpleted
11、“Things_________nevereagain!
”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself、(2007湖南卷)
A、lostB、losingC、toloseD、havelost
12、Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?
A、seatB、sitC、seatedD、sat
13、Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad、
A、beingblowndownB、blowndownC、blowingdownD、toblowdown
14、Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____、
A、allowingB、toallowC、allowedD、allows
15、Itisoneofthefunniestthings______ontheInternetsofarthisyear、
A、findingB、beingfoundC、tofindD、found
16、Ideally___forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests、
A、locatingB、beinglocatedC、havingbeenlocatedD、located
17、Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture、
A、producedB、beingproducedC、tobeproducedD、havingbeenproduced
18、Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit___onhisownfarm、
A、grownB、beinggrownC、tobegrownD、togrow
19、Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren、
A、forcedB、forcingC、tobeforcedD、havingforced
20、Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?
A、takingB、takeC、takenD、totake
21、Weareinvitedtoaparty_________inourclubnextFriday、
A、tobeheldB、heldC、beingheldD、holding
22、Withthegovernment’said,those______bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements、
A、affectB、affectingC、affectedD、wereaffected
23、Thereisagreatdealofevidencethatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain、
A、indicateB、indicatingC、toindicateD、tobeindicating
24、Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday、
A、dealB、dealtC、todealD、dealing
25、Mrs、Whiteshowedherstudentsomeoldmaps_________fromthelibrary、
A、toborrowB、tobeborrowedC、borrowedD、borrowing
26、I'
mcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterday'
sChinaDaily、
A、advertisedB、tobeadvertise
dC、advertisingD、havingadvertised
27、Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney___________________inthelibrary、
A、discoveredB、tobediscoveredC、discoveringD、havingdiscovered
28、Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm、
A、pletingB、topleteC、pletedD、beingpleted
29、Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory、
A、publishedB、tobepublishedC、topublishD、beingpublished
30、Agreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano、
A、toquestionB、tobequestionedC、questionedD、questioning
31、Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheonefirstisthelibrary、
A、repairedB、beingrepairedC、repairingD、toberepaired
32、Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand_______lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat、
A、beingweighedB、toweighC、weighedD、weighing
33、Thaiistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudents'
bathrooms、
A、reducingB、toreduceC、reducedD、reduce
34、Onhearingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,Mr、Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice、
A、saysB、saidC、sayingD、tosay
35、Theisland,______tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto、
A、joiningB、tojoinC、joinedD、havingjoined
36、Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens、
A.paredB.paringC.paresD.beingpared
37、Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse、
A、roseB、risingC、toriseD、risen
38、Theability_____anideaasimportantastheideaitself
AexpressingBexpressedCtoexpressDtocover
39、Theplayers______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame、
AselectingBtoselectedCselectedDhavingselected
40、Lookoverthere-there’saverylong,windingpath_____uptothehouse、
A、leadingB、leadsC、ledD、tolead
41、TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures、
A、foundB、foundingC、foundedD、tobefounded
42、We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour、Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourpany、
A、tobemadeB、beingmadeC、madeD、havingbeenmade
43、Afterpletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope_____、
A、providingB、providedC、havingprovidedD、provide
44、Thelecture,_____at7:
00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes、
A、startingB、beingstartingC、tostartD、tobestarted
45、Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter_____himit、
A、offeredB、offeringC、toofferD、tobeoffered
答案:
1-5BCDCD6-10CCCCC11-15ACBCD16-20DCABC21-25ACBCC26-30AABBC31-35DDBCC36-40BBCCA41-45CABAB
非谓语动词作补语
一:
补语得种类(两种):
1、宾语补足语2、主语补足语
二.如何判断非谓语动词作得就是补语:
1、宾语补足语
A、如果横线部分放在了及物动词+名词或代词之后。
Ihearhim_____inthenextroom、
能跟宾语+宾语补足语得动词常见得有以下三类:
1.感官动词:
see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,