The patents tradeWord文件下载.docx
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Recruitment4
Openwebsite4
Advertising4
Theriskswemaymeetinthefuture.5
Commercialrisks5
1.1.Abank'
slackofabilitytohonoritsresponsibilities5
1.2.Riskofnon-acceptance6
Politicalrisks6
2.1.Risksduetowar6
2.2.Riskofthelawsofthepatents8
Economicrisks9
3.1.Riskofinsolvencyofthebuyer10
3.2.RiskofExchangerate10
Otherrisks11
4.1.Culturaldifferences11
4.1.Lackofknowledgeofoverseasmarkets11
Supposewehaveacustomer12
Companyplans
StevenandI(Santiago)plantorunacompany.Wenowbuyandselloriginalandwhichdoesnotapplyforpatentsofinventiontotakeprofits.Wewillbecheaptoacquireandcreativeapplicationforapatentofinvention.Thensellthesepatentstothecompaniesandenterpriseswhichneedthem.Undernormalcircumstanceswecollectasmalldownpayment,andthensignedacontractwhichcollectionofproductsinthefutureprofitpercentageofthebonus.
Raisingfunds
FirstofallweloansmoneyfromtheBankwithahouseofmineascollateral,andthentoaskrelativestoborrowasmuchmoneyaspossible.
Establishabase
Weplantofindasmallshopasabase.YinzhouDistrict,ShounanRoadisagoodplaceforus.Itisfarawayfromcitycentre,andthecheappriceisthemostimportantaspect.Whatismore,wehaveseveralrelativesnearbycanhelpusonsomedailystuff.Wearesimpledecorationstoreandboughtseveralsecond-handcomputer,sothatwecanestablishasmallintelligencestation.Ourplanwillstartfromhere.
Recruitment
Talkaboutourplanstoseveralambitious,idealisticstudents.Afterthenwehiresomecapitalstudentsasstaff.
Theymusthavethefollowingconditions
1 withgreatinterestonthecompany'
sbusiness
2 havetheperseverance,tenacity
3 Warm,cheerfulandhavegoodcommunicationskills
4 Possessbasiccomputerskillsandadvancedforeignlanguageskills
Openawebsite
WeplantoLookingforaprofessionalestablishandaWebsitewhichhavecompanyprofile,business,information,andadvertising.
Advertising
WeplantoadvertiseabroadthroughthenetworkWebsite.AndweconcentratedmainlyinIndia,thePhilippines,MalaysiaandotherdevelopingcountriesinAsiaandsomeAfricancountries.Therelativeeconomicmaybackwardnessinthesecountries,butthereisnoshortageoftalent.Thesecountriesandterritorieshaveweakrelativelycontrolonthecopyright,patentandotherintellectual.Andthelocalmayalsobeweakonthisknowledge.Theseinventionsinlocalalsobecausecan'
tgetbettereconomicbenefitstosellagoodprice.Sowejustcanusetheseweaknessestomakeprofit.
Weplanindomesticwebsiteadvertising.Letthedomesticenterpriseknowweexist,forthosewhowanttodependonuspatentproductionproductsofcompanyandenterprisecanfindus.
Theycancontactusbyphone,website,orgotoourcompanydirectly.
Theriskswemaymeetinthefuture.
1.Commercialrisks
slackofabilitytohonoritsresponsibilities
Asweknow,whenwedointernationalbusiness,weneedtoselectawaytoensuretheconsumerscanpaymoneysafely.Unfortunately,noteverybankhasabilitiestocompleteitsduty.Sowhenweselectthepaymentwayslikeletterofcredit,itisveryimportanttochoiceabankwhichhasabilitytohonoritsresponsibilities.Ifwegettheinformationofthespecifiedpayingbankisanunknownbank,weneedbettertoadvicetheconsumertochangeit.Despitetheymaywanttosaveasmallamountoffees,wehavetotellthemtherisksofitandtrytogettheirunderstanding.
1.2.Riskofnon-acceptance
Alsothecompanymaynon-acceptancetoourdraft,butthisconditiondoesnotoftenappear.
2.Politicalrisks
2.1.Risksduetowar
CountriesinAfricaareinthemiddleofgenocideandcivilwar.Civilunrest,war,andgenocidemeanourcustomersarepreoccupiedwithstayingalive,notpurchasingourproduct.Peoplecouldpossiblylootanddestroyanyinfrastructurewhichwebuiltwithhugecapital.
NumerouscountriesinMiddleand
SouthAmerica
haveshakygovernmentswithfrequentmilitarycoups.Witheachnewleader,alltheruleschange,andmanycoupleadersrefusetoworkwithanyonewhowas"
friendly"
withthepreviousregime.Anybusinesslookingtotradewiththemfacesthegrimrealitythat
accordsmadewiththecurrentleaderstodaycouldbenullifiedtomorrowbyacoup.Theinstabilityofthegovernments,andthereforetheirbusinesspracticesandviewsofinternationaltrade,createsaveryfluidanduncertaintradeenvironmentthatisnothealthyforbusiness.
Withinternationaltradecomesinteractionwithforeignnations.Whilesomenationshavebeentradingontheinternationallevelforcenturies,othernationsareonlyrecentlyjoininginternationalcommerce.Thesenascenttradingnationsareinstableandpronetoflightsoflegalfancythatcouldinflictgreatharmonourbusiness.Otherconcernsforinternationaltradersaretheculturalbiasesandnuancesthataffecttheirreceptionofourproductorservice.Onemisstepculturally,andourcompanycouldloseoutonmarketshare,cripplingourprofitability.
Manyfringecountriesmakedifficulttradingpartnersbecauseoftheirunstablegovernmentsandeconomies.Whilebusinessesstandtomakeafortunebytappingintoanewmarket,theymustalsobecautiousoftheinherentpitfalls.Afterall,themarketremainsuntappedbecauseotherbusinessesdecidedthecountrywastoorisky,otherwiseourbusinesswouldalreadyfacestiffcompetition!
Manycountriesstillhavepoliticalinfighting,shakygovernments,bribery,graft,nepotism,dictatorialtendencies,andanalarmingpenchantfor"
nationalizing"
foreignbusinessesthataremakingaprofit.Alloftheseconcernsshouldbeevaluatedbeforeengagingininternationaltradewithacountry.
2.2.Riskofthelawsofthepatents.
Innumerouscountriesthegovernmentshaveparticularlawsofpatents.Thelawsofmanycountriesdifferinvariousrespects.AsthepatentlawintheUnitedStates.Inmostforeigncountries,publicationoftheinventionbeforethedateoftheapplicationwillbartherighttoapatent.ThisdistinctioniswhatmakesitadvisabletofiletheU.S.applicationpriortopublicdisclosureofthepatenteventhoughtheU.S.patentlawprovidesforaoneyeargraceperiod.Sinceothercountriesdonothavesuchagraceperiod,thepriordisclosureoftheinventionwillpreventthefilingofinternationalapplicationsinmostcases.
Maintenancefeesarerequiredinmostcountries,buttheywilldifferintimingandamountfromU.S.maintenancefees.Inaddition,mostcountriesrequirethatapatentedinventionbemanufacturedinthatcountryafteracertainperiod,usuallythreeyears.Thisrequirementisgenerallyreferredtoasthe"
workingrequirement."
Ifthereisnomanufacturewithinthisperiod,thepatentmaybevoidinsomecountries,althoughinmostcountriesthepatentmaybesubjecttothegrantofcompulsorylicensestoanypersonwhomayapplyforalicense.
FromU.S.patentlaw,weknowifthegovernmentsprohibitanyinventivepatentthatmeansourcompany’spurchasepricewillsignificantlyincrease.Itisaseriousbadnewstoourcompany,becauseitwillmakeouroperatingcostrise.
3.Economicrisks
3.1.Riskofinsolvencyofthebuyer
Thefutureofbusinesscannobepredicted,acompanymayprosperbecauseofasucceedtrade,italsocangobrokeowingtoonefailingtrade.Wheneverwerunabusiness,therealwayshaverisksofthetrade.Ourcustomers’companiesmaygobrokesomeday.Ifwerunabusinesswiththesecompanies,itwillmakeourcapitalshrinkeventobreakthecapitalchainthanleadthecompanygetintotrouble.
3.2.RiskofExchangerate
Theriskthatourbusiness’operationsorourinvestment’svaluewillbeaffectedbychangesinexchangerates.Forexample,if
money
mustbeconvertedintoadifferent
currency
tomakeacertain
investment,changesinthevalueofthecurrencyrelativetothecurrency
will
affect
the
totalloss
or
gain
ontheinvestmentwhenthemoneyisconverted
back.Thisriskusually
affects
businesses,butitcanalsoaffect
individualinvestors
whomake
international
investments.
4.Otherrisks
4.1.Culturaldifferences
Culturalrisksarejustasgreataseconomicandgovernmentalrisksininternationaltrade.Therearemanyculturalnormsandnuancesthataffectourpotentialconsumerbases'
spendinghabits.E.g.inIndia,thecastesystemstillholdsswaydespitemoderndemocraticefforts,andbusinesseswoulddowelltoevaluatethecastesystem'
seffectontheirtradepractices.TryingtosellaBrahmanmeatoralcoholwouldbeincrediblyoffensive,aswellasaskingthemtoeatinthesamelocationasanuntouchable.Ifwedonotresearchtheinformationofourtargetmarketwemayloseoutonsignificantmarketshare,orpossiblyfailcompletely.Wemustalsobecarefulofsocialcustomswhendealingwithothergovernmentsandworkers.
4.2.Lackofknowledgeofoverseasmarkets
Ourbusinessplaniscompletelyamoderndesign.Becauseofthis,theknowledgethatwegotformteachermaynotworkeffectiveandthistradeareaisunderdevelopment.Weshouldresearchourplannedinternationalcustomerbasethoroughlysothatwecanreducetheunknownrisks.
Supposewehaveacustomer
●WesupposewehaveacustominIndia.Andhehadainventionwhichcanremoveodorsinshoes.Weplantomakethepricetothelowest.800dollarsareourexpectedprice.
●Themostproblemishedoesn’tbelieveourcompanywillpayhimmoney.Ofcoursewedon’tbelievehi