Construction project cost management system of the United States of AmericaWord文件下载.docx

Construction project cost management system of the United States of AmericaWord文件下载.docx

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First,combinedwiththeprojectqualityandtimelimitforaprojectmanagementcost

Engineeringmanagementsystem,intheUnitedStatesdidnottakecostandtimelimitforaproject,qualitytoseparateseparatemanagement,butusethemasasystemforcomprehensivemanagement.Theideaisto:

1.Anyprojectmustmeetthequalitystandardsunderthepremiseofreasonablydeterminetheconstructionperiod;

2.Asabaitengineeringmusthaveengineeringqualitystandard,andthentalkaboutthecostofreasonable;

3.Theprojectmustbestrictlyaccordingtoplantimetoperform,couldnotbreakthroughapredeterminedcost.

Second,thepursuitofwholelifecyclecostminimum.

IntheUnitedStates,aftercalculatetheprojectcost,generallyneedtocalculatethemaintenancecostaftertheprojectputintooperation,maketheprojectlifeperiodcostestimates,andforthebenefitoftheprojecttoconductacomprehensiveanalysis,soastoavoidtheone-sidedpursuitoflowcost,theprojectputintoproductionaftermaintenanceusecostscontinuetoincrease.

Three,thewidelyapplicationofvalueengineering

Americanengineeringcostestimationisbasedonvalueengineering,inengineeringdesignresearch,generallyhasappraiser'

sparticipation.Toensurethefunctionalityunderthepremiseofasfaraspossiblereducetheengineeringcost,makethecostbasedonareasonablelevel,soastoobtainthebestinvestmentbenefit.

Four,attachesgreatimportancetotheWorkBreakdownStructure（theWorkBreakdownStructure-theWBS）andaccountingcode

Forlargeandmedium-sizedproject,inordertoensurethesmoothimplementationoftheproject,alsoneedtoWorkshouldbecompletedbythedecomposition,necessarytodeterminethecostofeachunitandtheimplementationplan,aprocessknownasWorkBreakdownStructureofWBS（WorkBreakdownStructure）,andbasedonWBSandunifiedcodingforaccounting.ProjectparticipantsintheUnitedStateshasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetotheWBSandtheaccountingcode,seeitasthebasisofcostplanandschedulemanagement.

Five,theengineeringcostchangeandprojectsettlementofstrictcontrol

（a）changestotheprojectcost

1.Allowthepremiseofchange

GenerallyoccursonlywhenthefollowingintheUnitedStates,onlythencarriesontheprojectcostmaychange:

Thecontractchanges

Projectinternaladjustment

Arrangeprojectplan

2.Thechangeprocess

Projectcostchangeallneedstofillintheengineeringbudgetpricechangeapplicationform,andaseriesofdocuments,approvedbytheownerandsupervisorengineerisrearexecutableprojectcostchange.

（b）theconstructionsettlement

1.Thesettlementofpaymentforthecontractordidnotexceedthebudgetapplication,entrustbyownerofthearchitect/engineerreviewandapprovalbytheownerthereofaftersettlement;

2.Allmorethanthebudgetmorethan5%ofthepaymentrequest,mustpassastrictcausalanalysisandreview.

Forconstructionoftheprojectconstructioncostmanagementmainbodyanditsfunction

One,thegovernmentdepartments

Governmentdepartmentsinvolvedintheprojectcostmanagementapproachandactionare:

（1）localgovernmentsregularlypublishallkindsofengineeringcostguidelines,referenceforsociety;

（2）shallberesponsibleforthedepartmentofthegovernmentinvestmentprojectsofhisownheaddirectmanagementandaccumulationoftherelevantinformationformtheirownvaluationstandard;

（3）thelaborstandardsaroundthedepartmentformulateandpublishtodirectlyinfluencetheprojectcost;

（4）inchargeofenvironmentalprotectionandfirefightingdepartmentsthroughtheorganizationtodevelopandreleaserelevantenvironmentalprotectionstandardstoindirectlyinfluencetheprojectcost;

（5）throughabankinterestratesandothereconomicleveragetomacroeconomicregulationandcontrolofthewholemarket,whichaffectthecomponentsoftheprojectcost,ultimatelyaffecttheprojectcost.

Second,privateowners

Ownersofprivateengineeringdistributedinallwalksoflife,suchascars,entertainment,banking,insurance,retail,energyproductionanddistribution.IntheUnitedStates,specializeddivisionoflaborisveryfine,can'

talsodon'

thavetohaveaownercompanyengagedinconstructioncostprofessionals,sothespecificmanagementoftheprojectcost,ownerisusuallyentrustsocialestimatecompany,engineeringconsultancy,etc.

Third,architectsandengineers

Architectsandengineers,alsoknownasdesignprofessionals.IntheUnitedStates,therearemanyarchitectsandengineersworkinginthepublicinstitutionsandlargeprivateinstitutions.ButtheUnitedStatesalsohasalotofarchitects,engineers,registeredprivateindependentdesigncompany,accordingtothecontracttocompletethedesignwork,thisarticlepointstothelatter.InusesuchaspleaseBuild（theDesign-Build）projectmanagementmode,thearchitectsandengineersandisinchargeofDesignandisresponsiblefortheconstructionofacompanytosigncontractwithotherprojectmanagementmode,thearchitectsandengineerssignedacontractwiththeowner.

Four,thecontractor

Contractorsaregenerallybeganinthemiddleandlateprojectinvolved,accordingtoowner,theinitialconditionsgivendesignorconstructionofafacility,astheowner'

sintentionisclear,havemoresolutionwasstudied,andthechoiceandgiveup,thescopeoftheprojectandoutlineisquiteclear.

Contractortoverydetailed,andtheclassificationofcostapartfromtheabovedirectcostsandindirectcosts,foreaseofconstructioncontrol,alsodividedconstructioncostseparately,itincludingdirectLabour,constructionequipment,aswellastheindirectcosts.

Theconstructionenterprisetomanagetheprojectcostandagroupofmeasuresisatechnologymanagementandservicelayerseparation,employsonlyasmallamountoftechnicalmanagementpersonnel,havenofixedworkersandcontractworkersforalongtime.Accordingtotherequirementsoftheconstructiontask,atanytimeandsignthesubcontractandallkindsofprofessionalsubcontractorinsocietyafterthecompletionofthetask,immediatetermination.

Five,theconstructionmanager

ConstructionManager,ConstructionManager）asawholenewwayofprojectmanagementtoConstructionmanagement,ConstructiontheMana