高一英语上学期必修12语法总结Word文档格式.docx
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Theboyaskedhismother,鈥淐anIgotoplayfootballwithmyfriendsonSaturday?
Theboyaskedhismotherwhether/ifhecouldgotoplayfootballwithhisfriendsonSaturday.(涓?
濡傛灉鐩存帴寮曡鏄壒娈婇棶鍙ワ紝闂存帴寮曡鐢ㄧ壒娈婄枒闂瘝寮曞锛岃€屼笖鐢ㄩ檲杩板彞璇簭銆傚锛?
鈥淗owmuchtimedoyouspendonthehomework?
heaskedme.?
HeaskedmehowmuchtimeIspentonthehomework.锛堝洓锛夊鏋滈棿鎺ュ紩璇槸琛ㄧず璇锋眰銆佹彁璁€佸缓璁€佸姖鍛婄瓑鎰忎箟鐨勯棶鍙ワ紝瑕佸€熷姪鍏朵粬鍙ュ瀷缁撴瀯鏉ヨ〃杈俱€傚锛?
鈥淲hydon鈥檛youcomeandplayfootballwithme?
Heasked.?
Headvisedmetoplayfootballwithhim.銆愭敞鎰忋€戣〃绀鸿姹傘€佸姖鍛婃椂锛岄€氬父鐢ㄢ€渁sk/advise/want绛?
+瀹捐+鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮忊€濈粨鏋勩€?
(浜?
濡傛灉鐩存帴寮曡鏄浣垮彞锛岄棿鎺ュ紩璇鐢ㄤ笉瀹氬紡鐨勫鍚堢粨鏋勬敼锛屽嵆鏀逛负锛歵ell(ask,order,warn,advise绛?
sb.(not)todosth.濡傦細?
鈥淟istentomecarefully,please.鈥?
theteachersaidtous.?
Theteachertoldustolistentohimcarefully.銆愭敞鎰忋€戝鏋滅浣垮彞涓嚭鐜颁簡please,鍦ㄩ棿鎺ュ紩璇腑蹇呴』鐪佺暐銆?
(鍏?
濡傛灉鐩存帴寮曡鏄劅鍙瑰彞锛屽彉闂存帴寮曡鏃讹紝鐢╳hat,how鎴杢hat鏉ュ紩杩般€傚锛?
鈥淲hatabeautifulhouseitis!
hesaidtome.?
Hetoldmewhatabeautifulhouseitwas.?
Hetoldmethatitwasabeautifulhouse.浜屻€佹椂鎬佺殑鍙樺寲锛堜竴锛夊鏋滀富鍙ョ殑鏃舵€佹槸涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鎴栧皢鏉ユ椂锛屽垯闂存帴寮曡涓殑鏃舵€佷笉鍙樸€傚锛?
Hesays,鈥淚鈥檓tootired.鈥?
Hesays(that)heistootired.锛堜簩锛夊鏋滀富鍙ョ殑鏃舵€佹槸涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂锛屽垯闂存帴寮曡涓殑鏃舵€佺浉搴斿湴鍙樹负涓庤繃鍘荤浉鍏崇殑鏃舵€併€傚叿浣撳彉鍖栧涓嬶細涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂鐜板湪杩涜鏃?
杩囧幓杩涜鏃?
鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃?
杩囧幓瀹屾垚鏃?
涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂杩囧幓瀹屾垚鏃?
涓€鑸皢鏉ユ椂杩囧幓灏嗘潵鏃?
1)Theoldmansaid,鈥淕reatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.鈥?
TheoldmansaidthatgreatchangeshadtakenplaceinChina.2)鈥淲angLiniswaitingforyououtsideoftheschoolgate.鈥?
LiFangsaidtome.LiFangtoldmethatWangLinwaswaitingformeoutsideoftheschoolgate.銆愭敞鎰?
銆?
褰撹浆杩扮殑鏄瑙備簨瀹炪€佺瀛︾湡鐞嗐€佹牸瑷€鎴栬皻璇紱閲嶅鍑虹幇鎴栫幇鍦ㄤ範鎯€х殑鍔ㄤ綔鏃讹紝闂存帴寮曡鐨勬椂鎬佷笉鍙樺寲銆傚锛?
?
鈥淔ailureisthemotherofsuccess.鈥?
Theteachersaidtous.?
Theteachertoldusthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.銆愭敞鎰?
褰撶洿鎺ュ紩璇腑鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶅惈鏈夋儏鎬佸姩璇峬ust,need,oughtto,hadbetter绛夛紝鍙橀棿鎺ュ紩璇椂锛岄棿鎺ュ紩璇腑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫舰寮忎笉鍙樸€傚锛?
Hesaid,鈥淵ouhadbetteraskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.鈥?
HesaidthatIhadbetteraskforhelpwhenIwasintrouble.涓夈€佷汉绉颁唬璇嶇殑鍙樺寲鐩存帴寮曡鍙樹负闂存帴寮曡鏃讹紝闂存帴寮曡涓綔涓昏鐨勪汉绉颁唬璇嶆垨鍏朵粬鐗╀富浠h瘝瑕佷綔鐩稿簲鐨勫彉鍖栥€備竴鑸儏鍐典笅瑕侀伒寰互涓嬪嚑鏉″師鍒欙細锛堜竴锛夌洿鎺ュ紩璇殑涓昏鏄涓€浜虹О锛屽彉涓洪棿鎺ュ紩璇椂锛岃鍜屼富鍙ョ殑涓昏淇濇寔涓€鑷淬€傚锛?
鈥淐anIuseyourbikeforamoment?
theboysaidtome.?
Theboyaskedmewhetherhecouldusemybikeformoment.(浜?
鐩存帴寮曡鐨勪富璇槸绗簩浜虹О锛屽彉涓洪棿鎺ュ紩璇椂锛岃鍜屼富鍙ョ殑瀹捐淇濇寔涓€鑷淬€傚锛?
TheteacheraskedJoan,鈥淲hyareyoulateagain?
TheteacheraskedJoanwhyhewaslateagain.锛堜笁锛夌洿鎺ュ紩璇殑涓昏鏄涓変汉绉帮紝鍙樹负闂存帴寮曡鏃讹紝闂存帴寮曡涓殑涓昏浜虹О涓嶅彉銆傚锛?
Heaskedme,鈥淗owlonghasTeddystayedinChina?
HeaskedmehowlongTeddyhasstayedinChina.鍥涖€佷富鍙ヨ皳璇姩璇嶇殑鍙樺寲(涓€)鐩存帴寮曡鏄檲杩板彞锛岃皳璇姩璇嶆槸say(said)鐨勪笉鍙橈紝鏄痵aidtosb.甯稿彉涓簍oldsb.濡傦細?
Hesaidtohisfriend,鈥淚amgladtoseeyou.鈥?
Hetoldhisfriendthathewasgladtoseehim.(浜?
鐩存帴寮曡鏄壒娈婄枒闂彞銆佷竴鑸枒闂彞鎴栭€夋嫨鐤戦棶鍙ワ紝said鍙樹负asked;
saidtosb.鍙樹负askedsb.濡傦細?
鈥淗owcanyoudothat?
MarysaidtoBetty.?
MaryaskedBettyhowshecoulddothat.(涓?
鐩存帴寮曡鏄浣垮彞锛屽彉闂存帴寮曡鏃讹紝璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍙牴鎹姘斿己寮遍€夊垯beg,advise,ask,tell,order,warn绛夈€傚鏋滅浣垮彞鏄惁瀹氬彞锛岃繕闇€鍦ㄤ笉瀹氬紡绗﹀彿to鍓嶅姞not.濡傦細?
Isaidtoher,鈥淧leasepassmeaglassofwater.鈥?
Iaskedhertopassmeaglassofwater.(鍥?
鐩存帴寮曡鏄劅鍙瑰彞锛屽彉闂存帴寮曡鏃讹紝寮曡堪鍔ㄨ瘝甯哥敤tell,exclaim鎴杝ay绛夈€傚锛?
鈥淗owwellhelooks!
Lucysaid.?
Lucyexclaimedhowwellhelooked.?
Lucysaidthathelookedwell.浜斻€佹寚绀轰唬璇嶃€佹椂闂寸姸璇€佸湴鐐圭姸璇拰鏂瑰悜鎬у姩璇嶇殑鍙樺寲锛堜竴锛夋寚绀轰唬璇嶇殑鍙樺寲thisthatthesethose锛堜簩锛夋椂闂寸姸璇殑鍙樺寲nowthenagobefore/earliertodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforethismorning/afternoon,etc.thatmorning/afternoon,etc.tomorrowthefollowing/nextdaythedayaftertomorrowintwodays鈥?
timethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore/earliernextweek/month,etc.thenextweek/month,etc.lastweek/monththeweek/monthbefore銆愭敞鎰忋€?
濡傛灉鍦ㄥ綋澶╄浆杩帮紝鏃堕棿鐘惰涔熷彲涓嶅彉銆傚锛?
Mr.Blacksaid,鈥淚visitedtheGreatWalllastyear.鈥?
Mr.BlacksaidthathehadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.锛堜笁锛夊湴鐐瑰拰鏂瑰悜鎬у姩璇嶇殑鍙樺寲heretherecomego銆愭敞鎰忋€?
濡傛灉鍦ㄥ綋鍦拌浆杩帮紝鍦扮偣鐘惰涔熷彲涓嶅彉銆傚锛?
Hesaid,鈥淚willcomeherethisevening.鈥?
Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethisevening.(鍚屾椂鍚屽湴寮曡堪)宸╁浐缁冧範锛氬皢涓嬪垪鍙ュ瓙鍙樹负闂存帴寮曡鎴栫洿鎺ュ紩璇?
1.Hesaidtome,鈥淚wrotealettertomyparentslastweek.鈥?
He_________methat_________________aletterto________parents________________________.2.鈥淭hesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,鈥?
mothersaidtoherdaughter.Mother__________herdaughterthatthesun________uptheeastand_________inthewest.3.鈥淒on鈥檛belateagain,Jim,鈥?
saidtheteacher.Theteacher______________________________belateagain.4.鈥淗aveyouseenthefilmHarryPotter?
heasked.Heaskedme________________________________thefilmHarryPotter.5.MrWangaskedthestudentshowtheycouldimprovetheirspokenEnglish.鈥淿_______________________improve________spokenEnglish?
MrWangsaidtothestudents.1.toldhehadwrittenhistheweekbefore2.toldrisessets3.toldJimnotto4.ifIhadseen5.Howcanyouyour瀹氳浠庡彞涓€锛庡畾璇粠鍙ョ殑瀹氫箟1.瀹氳浠庡彞鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑璧峰畾璇綔鐢紝淇グ鍙ヤ腑鐨勬煇涓€鍚嶈瘝鎴栦唬璇嶏紝琚畾璇粠鍙ヤ慨楗扮殑璇嶅彨鍏堣璇嶃€傚畾璇粠鍙ヤ竴鑸揣璺熷湪鍏堣璇嶅悗闈?
(瀹氳浠庡彞鏈夋椂鍊欒繕鍙互淇グ涓€涓彞瀛?
閫氬父鎸囦唬涓€浠朵簨鎯?
2.寮曞浠庡彞鐨勫叧鑱旇瘝鍙叧绯昏瘝,鍏崇郴璇嶅垎涓哄叧绯讳唬璇嶅拰鍏崇郴鍓瘝,浠栦滑鐨勪綔鐢細
(1)寮曞浣滅敤
(2)鏇夸唬(鍏堣璇?
浣滅敤(3)鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑鎷呭綋鏌愪釜鎴愬垎鐨勪綔鐢?
鍏崇郴浠h瘝锛歸ho,whom,whose,that,which,as绛夛紙鍦ㄥ彞涓綔涓汇€佽〃銆佸銆佸畾绛夋垚鍒嗭級鍏崇郴鍓瘝锛歸here,when,why鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑浣滅姸璇?
e.g.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.who寮曞瀹氳浠庡彞骞朵唬鏇垮厛琛岃瘝theboy鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑鍏呭綋broke鐨勪富璇?
锝?
鍏崇郴浠h瘝锛坵ho,whom,which,that,whose锛夌殑鎸囦唬鍏崇郴鍙婂叾閫夋嫨瀹氳浠庡彞鍏崇郴璇嶇殑閫夋嫨鍙栧喅浜庡厛琛岃瘝锛堣淇グ璇嶏級鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勪綅缃€佹垚鍒嗐€?
鎸囦汉鎸囩墿鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勪綔鐢?
Who鈭?
涓昏瀹捐Whom鈭?
瀹捐Which鈭?
涓昏瀹捐that鈭?
鈭?
涓昏瀹捐whose鈭?
瀹氳锛坵hose鍜屽畠鎵€淇グ鐨勫悕璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓彲浠ュ厖褰撲富璇垨瀹捐锛?
锝傦紟鍏崇郴鍓瘝锛?
锛?
why銆€鍏堣璇嶆槸琛ㄧず鍘熷洜鐨勫悕璇嶏紙reason锛?
鍏崇郴璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓仛鍘熷洜鐘惰琛ㄧず鍘熷洜锛?
where鍏堣璇嶆槸琛ㄧず鍦扮偣鐨勫悕璇?
鍏崇郴璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓仛鍦扮偣鐘惰琛ㄧず鍦扮偣锛?
when銆€鍏堣璇嶆槸琛ㄧず鏃堕棿鐨勫悕璇?
鍏崇郴璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓仛鏃堕棿鐘惰琛ㄧず鏃堕棿e.g.Thatisthereasonwhyhewaslate.ThisistheschoolwhereIhavestudiedforthreeyears.IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIsawyou.3.瀹氳浠庡彞鏈夐檺鍒舵€у拰闈為檺鍒舵€т袱绉嶃€?
闄愬埗鎬у畾璇粠鍙ユ槸鍏堣璇嶄笉鍙己灏戠殑閮ㄥ垎锛屽幓鎺夊畠涓诲彞鎰忔€濆線寰€涓嶆槑纭?
瀹冨涓诲彞璧峰埌闄愬埗浣滅敤銆?
闈為檺鍒舵€у畾璇粠鍙ユ槸鍏堣璇嶇殑闄勫姞璇存槑锛屽幓鎺変簡涔熶笉浼氬奖鍝嶄富鍙ョ殑鎰忔€濓紝瀹冨涓诲彞璧疯繘琛岃ˉ鍏呰鏄庯紝瀹冧笌涓诲彞涔嬮棿閫氬父鐢ㄩ€楀彿鍒嗗紑銆傚鏋滃厛琛岃瘝鏄笓鏈夊悕璇嶆垨鐙竴鏃犱簩鐨勪簨鐗╋紝鎴戜滑涓€鑸鐢ㄩ潪闄愬埗瀹氳浠庡彞銆傘€€銆€銆€e.g.Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.銆€锛堥檺鍒舵€э級Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.锛堥潪闄愬埗鎬э級浜岋紟娉ㄦ剰浜嬮」锛?
1.鍙兘鐢╳hich涓嶈兘鐢╰hat鐨勬儏鍐?
鈶?
寮曞闈為檺鍒舵€у畾璇粠鍙?
鈶?
鍏堣璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓綔浠嬭瘝鐨勫璇笖浠嬭瘝鍓嶇疆,鍗冲綋鍏崇郴璇嶇揣璺熷湪浠嬭瘝鍚庨潰鏃?
e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunlived.==Thisisthehousewhich/thatLuXunlivedin.2.鍙兘鐢╳hom涓嶈兘鐢╳ho鐨勬儏鍐?
鍏堣璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓綔浠嬭瘝鐨勫璇笖浠嬭瘝鍓嶇疆,濡?
e.g.TomistheboywithwhomIhavetalkedwith.==Tomistheboywho/whomIhavetalkedwith.3.鍏崇郴浠h瘝蹇呴』鐢╰hat鐨勬儏褰細鈶犲綋鍏堣璇嶈褰㈠璇嶇殑鏈€楂樼骇鎵€淇グe.g.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.鈶″綋鍏堣璇嶈搴忔暟璇嶄慨楗?
e.g.ThefirstcarthatarrivedatthedestinationwasdrivenbyJohn.鈶㈠綋鍏堣璇嶈theonly,thevery绛変慨楗?
e.g.ThisistheonlyticketthatIgotyesterday.ThisistheverybookthatI鈥檓lookingfor.鈶e厛琛岃瘝琚玜ll,every,no,some,any,little(灏戦噺,涓€浜?
much绛変慨楗版椂锛?
e.g.I鈥檝ereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.鈶ゅ綋鍏堣璇嶄负all,much,little(灏戦噺,涓€浜?
few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing绛変笉瀹氫唬璇嶆椂锛屾垨鑰呮槸鍦╰herebe鍙ュ瀷涓?
.e.g.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?
Allthatyouhavetodoistopressthebutton.Thereisnotimethatwecanwaste.鈶ュ綋鍏堣璇嶆棦鎸囦汉鍙堟寚鐗╂椂e.g.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.鈶﹀綋鍏崇郴浠h瘝鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑浣滆〃璇椂锛?
e.g.Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.4.瀹氳浠庡彞涓鏋滃厛琛岃瘝鏄痶heway,鍏崇郴璇嶅父鐢?
inwhich,that鎴栫渷鐣?
5.鍏崇郴浠h瘝鍜屽叧绯诲壇璇嶅強鍏跺鏄撴贩鐢ㄧ殑鎯呭喌1.Thisisthefactory______Ionceworked.where2.Thisisthefactory______I鈥檝evisited.that/which3.Theday__________IalwaysrememberisOct.1.that/which4.Theday______NanjingwasliberatedisSep.11.when5.Thereason_____hehasn鈥檛comeisthathehasbeenill.why6.Don鈥檛believethereason_____hegiveyou.that銆愭敞鎰忋€戝綋琛ㄧず鏃堕棿,鍦扮偣,鍘熷洜鐨勫悕璇?
day,time,place,factory,reason绛変綔鍏堣璇嶏紝鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑浣滅姸璇椂锛岀敤when,where,why锛涘湪浠庡彞涓綔涓昏鎴栧璇椂锛屽氨鐢╰hat鎴杦hich.涓?
浠嬭瘝+鍏崇郴浠h瘝鐨勬儏鍐?
褰撴垜浠湪鐢ㄥ甫鏈変粙璇嶇殑瀹氳浠庡彞鏃讹紝鎴戜滑鏈変袱绉嶉€夋嫨锛屼粙璇嶆斁鍦ㄥ叧绯讳唬璇嶅墠鎴栬€呮槸鏀惧湪瀹氳浠庡彞涓€傚锛?
1锛塗hewomanwho/whomSpielbergismarriedtoisanactress.ThewomantowhomSpielbergismarriedisanactress.2锛塗hepaintingatwhichIlookedwaspaintedbyVincentvanGogh.ThepaintingwhichIlookedatwaspaintedbyVincentvanGogh.閭d箞濡備綍閫夋嫨浠嬭瘝鍛細1).浠嬭瘝涓庡畾璇粠鍙ョ殑鍏堣璇嶆槸涓€绉嶄範鎯€х殑鎼厤.e.g.Thefarm_______Ionceworkedhastakenonanewlook.onwhich2).浠嬭瘝涓庝粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勫姩璇嶆槸涓€绉嶄範鎯€х殑鎼厤锛?
e.g.Whoistheman________ourteacherisshakinghands?
withwhom3).浠嬭瘝涓庝粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勫舰瀹硅瘝涓€璧锋瀯鎴愪竴绉嶄範鎯€х殑鎼厤锛?
e.g.Oursisabeautifulcountry,_______wearegreatlyproud.ofwhich4).琛ㄧず鈥滄墍鏈夋牸鈥濇垨鈥滄暣浣撲腑鐨勯儴鍒嗏€?
鏃讹紝鐢ㄤ粙璇峯f锛?
e.g.Thereareoveronethousandworkersinthefactory,80percent________arewomen.ofwhom缁冧範1锛氬叧绯诲壇璇嶆垨鑰呮槸浠嬭瘝+鍏崇郴浠h瘝濉┖1锛塈nthedarkstreet,therewasn鈥檛asingleperson_______shecouldturnforhelp.2锛塛henyoureadthebook,you鈥檇bettermakeamark________youhaveanyquestions.3锛塀arcelonaisthecity_____the25thSummerOlympicwereheld.1.towhom锛坱urntosb.forhelp鍚戞煇浜烘眰鍔╋級2.where3.where/inwhich缁冧範2:
鐢ㄤ粙璇?
鍏崇郴浠h瘝濉┖1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?
2.Doyoulikethebook____