专业英语八级分类模拟题阅读理解七Word文档格式.docx
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excitingandhighlyprospective"
regionoffSierraLeone.Itisnormalforcompaniestodiscoverbillionsofbarrelsofnewoileveryyear,butthisyear'
spaceisunusuallybrisk.Newoildiscoverieshavetotaledabout10billionbarrelsinthefirsthalfoftheyear,accordingtoIHSCambridgeEnergyResearchAssociates.Ifdiscoveriescontinueatthatpacethroughyear-end,theyarelikelytoreachthehighestlevelsince2000.
Whilerecentyearshavefeaturedspeculationaboutacoiningpeakandsubsequentdeclineinoilproduction,peopleintheindustrysaythereisstillplentyofoilintheground,especiallybeneaththeoceanfloor,eveniffindingandextractingitisbecomingharder.Theysaythatpricesandthepaceoftechnologicalimprovementremaintheprincipalfactorsgoverningoilproductioncapacity.Whiletheindustryiscelebratingtherecentdiscoveries,manyexecutivesareanxiousabouttheimmediatefuture,fearingthatlowerpricesmightjeopardizetheirexplorationdrive.Theworldeconomyisweak,oilpriceshavetumbledfromlastyear'
srecords,corporateprofitshaveshrunk,andglobaldemandforoilremainslow.Afterfallingto$34inDecember,oilpriceshavedoubled,stabilizingnear$70abarrel.Butiftheworldeconomydoesnotpickup,someanalystsbelievethepricecouldfallagain.Oilcompaniescontendthatisnotaprospecttheycanafford.Despitereapingrecordprofitsinrecentyears,manyexecutiveshavewarnedthattheyneedpricesabove$60abarreltodeveloptheworld'
smorechallengingreserves.Infact,someexplorationactivityhasalreadyslowedthisyear,asproducersseekbettertermsfromservicecompaniesandcontractors.
Itisnotjustoilthatisbenefitingfromtheexplorationboom.Repsol,Spain'
sbiggestoilcompany,saidthismonththatithaddiscoveredwhatcouldturnouttobeVenezuela'
sbiggestnaturalgasfield.Inrecentyears,companieshavefoundsubstantialnaturalgasreservesintheUnitedStates,fromshalerocksoncebelievedtobeimpossibletodrill.
"
TheNo.1questionthatexplorationteamshaverightnowis:
Wheredowegonext?
"
saidRobertFryklund,whorantheoperationsofConocoPhillipsinLibyaandBrazil,andisavicepresidentinHoustonatCambridgeEnergyResearchAssociates.Explorationspendingswelledinrecentyears,partlytooffsetadoublingofcoststhroughouttheindustry—fromsteelpricestothecostofrentingdeepwaterdrillingrigs.Abigissueconfrontingtheindustrynowishowtodrivedowncostswhilemaintainingahighlevelofexploration.Onaverage,costshavefallenby15to20percentfromtheirpeak,accordingtopetroleumexecutives.Explorationremainsarisky,andcostly,business,wheresomedeepwaterwellscancostupto$100million.From30to50percentofexplorationwellsfindoil.Someexecutivesarealsoworriedtheworldmightfaceashortfallinsuppliesincomingyearsifanotherdeclineinoilpricescausesexplorationtofalter.ThechiefexecutiveoftheFrenchoilgiantTotal,ChristophedeMargerie,haswarnedthatsuchasupplycrunchispossiblebythemiddleofthenextdecade."
Therecouldbeashortageofcapacity,"
hesaid.
HisconcernsechoedthoseofAbdullahal-Badri,thesecretarygeneraloftheOrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries,whosaidthatloweroilpricesalsothreatenedinvestmentsbyOPECnations.SaudiArabiaisalsounlikelytoexpanditsproductionincomingyearsbecauseoftheuncertaintycloudingfutureoildemand,Alial-Naimi,thekingdom'
soilminister,signaledearlierthismonth.SaudiArabiaisjustcompletinga$100billionprogramtoincreaseitscapacityto12.5millionbarrelsaday,fromaround9millionbarrelsadayjustafewyearsago.
Althoughtheyaresubstantial,thenewfindsdonotmatchthegiantfieldsdiscoveredinthe1970s,likeAlaska'
sPrudhoeBay,EkofiskintheNorthSea,orCantarellinMexico.Theyarealsodwarfedbythelastenormousdiscovery,theKashaganfieldintheCaspianSea,discoveredin2000andestimatedtoholdover20billionbarrelsofoil."
WehavenotseenanotherKashagan,butstillthesefindsareverymaterial,"
saidAlanMurray,theexplorationservicemanageratWoodMackenzie,aconsultingfirminEdinburgh.Sincetheearly1980s,discoverieshavefailedtokeepupwiththeglobalrateofoilconsumption,whichlastyearreached31billionbarrelsofoil.Instead,companieshavemanagedtoexpandproductionbyfindingnewwaysofgettingmoreoiloutofexistingfields,orproducingoilthroughunconventionalsources,likeCanada'
starsandsorheavyoilinVenezuela.
Reserveestimatestypicallyriseoverthelifeofafield,whichcanoftenbeproductivefordecades,ascompaniesfindnewwaysofgettingmoreoiloutoftheground.Theindustry'
srecordhasimprovedinrecentyears,thankstohighprices.AccordingtoCambridgeEnergyResearchAssociates,oilcompanieshavefoundmoreoilthantheyproducedforthelasttwoyearsthroughacombinationofexplorationandfieldexpansions."
Theappetiteforopeningnewfrontierswhenpriceswerelowinthe1990swasverysmall,"
saidPaoloScaroni,thechiefexecutiveofItaly'
soilgiantEni."
Today,thebiggestdiscoveryofallistechnology."
1.NewdiscoveriesintheoilindustryaretheresultofthefollowingEXCEPT______.
A.risingoilprices
B.newtechnologies
C.severecompetition
D.substantialinvestments
答案：
C
此题是事实题。
由第二段可知，油田的发现是高油价、投资和新技术的结果。
2.ManyoilcompaniesareconcernedaboutthefollowingEXCEPT______.
A.risingcosts
B.lowdemand
C.atougheconomy
D.technologicalimprovement
D
文章没有提及石油公司担心技术革新问题。
3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Technologyisadecisivefactorinfindingoil.
B.Oilcompaniesmaystopexploringoilfieldsinthecomingyears.
C.Thenewdiscoveriesarenotcomparabletotheonesinthe1970s.
D.Therewillbenooilfieldstobefoundduetothemassiveexploration.
A
此题是推断题。
由最后一段可知，技术在石油开采中起了决定作用。
4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?
A.Theworriesthatfaceoilcompanies.
B.Thenewdiscoveriesthathavebeenmade.
C.Themajorfactorsthataffectoilproduction.
D.Thereasonswhysmallcompanieshavethelargestfinds.
此题是主旨大意题。
文章分析了影响石油生产的主要因素。
5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.OilCompaniesSeeaBrightFuture
B.TechnologyIstheBiggestDiscoveryofAll
C.OilIndustrySetsABriskPaceofNewDiscoveries
D.HeftyInvestmentsMakeNewDiscoveriesPossible
此题是推理概括题。
选项B和D不全面，A不是文章的主题，故C为正确答案。
TextB
OnWednesday,Sept.23,PresidentBarackObamausedhisfirst-everaddresstotheU.N.GeneralAssemblytotryandreversetheimpressionthathisambitiousMiddleEastpeaceefforthadsufferedareversalatthehandofIsrael'
shawkishPrimeMinister,BenjaminNetanyahu."
Iamnotnaive,"
Obamatoldthegatheredworldleaders."
Iknowthiswillbedifficult.Butallofusmustdecidewhetherweareseriousaboutpeaceorwhetherweonlylenditlipservice."
ManyajadedcommentatorsawObama'
sTuesdaymeetingwithNetanyahuandPalestinianAuthorityPresidentMahmoudAbbasasasymbolofsurrendertoNetanyahu'
srefusaloftheU.S.demandthatIsraelhaltallconstructiononlandconqueredin1967.Instead,Netanyahuofferedapartialandtime-limitedfreezeandappearedtoforcethePresidentoftheUnitedStatestobackdown.ForAbbas,thehandshakewithNetanyahuorchestratedbyObamawasviewedasahumiliatingclimbdownfromhisrefusaltotalktotheIsraelisuntiltheyimplementedthatsettlementfreeze.
Netanyahu,briefingtheIsraelimediaafterthetalks,suggestedthatthePalestinianshadalsocavedintohisdemandforareopeningoftalkswithoutpreconditionsonanagendathetwosideswoulddetermineindiscussions.ButAbbasinsistedthatanytalkswouldbebasedonthefullrangeoffinal-statusissuesestablishedbypreviousagreements—Netanyahuhaspubliclyruledoutnegotiatingontwoofthoseissues,thefateofPalestinianrefugeesandthestatusofJerusalem,whichbothsidesclaimastheircapital.
AbbasappearedtowinObama'
sbackingintheU.N.speech,whichmadeclearthatthePresidenthasnotacceptedNetanyahu'
spositionontheprecursorissueofasettlementfreezeevenifhe'
sdecidedtomoveontothefinal-statusnegotiations."
AmericadoesnotacceptthelegitimacyofcontinuedIsraelisettlements,"
thePresidentinsistedonWednesday.ThatcouldbereadasaresponsetothedamageObama'
scredibilityhassufferedintheArabworldasaresultofbeingforcedbyNetanyahutoretreatonthesettlementissue,whichhadbeenwidelyviewedasatestofIsrael'
speacemak
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