自学考试英语二重点分析Word格式文档下载.docx
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时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）
并列句、复合句（主从,宾从,表从,定从,状从,同位从）
1.
简单句和并列句
主谓,主谓状Istudyhard.
情态动词+实意动词构成谓语.Ishallgo.
主谓宾,主谓介宾IstudyEnglish.
Ilookattheblackboard.
主系表Iamastudent.Theleavesturnred.
主谓双宾Igivehimapresent.
主谓宾宾补Iletyoudoit.
Iaskyoutodoit.
定状语Aredbook.
Workhard.
并列句Iworkedandstudied（x）
Iworkedandhestudied.
2.主从复合句
（1）宾语从句
IstudyEnglish.Ithink（that）…Ithinkthatsheisagoodstudent.
Imadeitclearthatheobjectedtotheplan.
Iaskedwhether/ifhewasagoodstudent.
Idon'
tknowwhetheritisraining.
Iaskedwhathehadstudied.HegavemewhatIneed.
Youarewronginthatyoutookeffectforcause.
（2）主语从句
Thatthesunmovesaroundtheearthisthetruth.（itisthetruththat..）
Whetheritisrainingisnotknown.
Itisnotknown--computerswillonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwearenotlivinginatraditionalsociety.
Whowillcometothemeetingremainsunknown.
翻译题:
Inasense,whathesaidamountstothreat.
（3）表语从句
Yourgreatestfaultisthatyouarecareless.
Theproblemiswhatweshoulddotohelphim.
（4）形容词补语从句
Wefeelproudthatourteamhaswoneverymatchthisyear.
Hewasn'
tsurewhetherheshouldstayorleave.
Areyoucertainwhoheis?
（5）同位语从句
（fact,news,idea,opinion,concern,hope,theory,decision,discovery,conclusion,report,
order,question,problem,belief,truth,answer,statement,promise,possibility.）
Thenewsthatheintendedtocomegaveusmuchpleasure.
（6）状语从句
•时间状语从句
WhenIstudied,thebellrang.
Shewasgoingupstairswhensuddenlythelightwentout.
Hehadnosoonerdiedthan/hehadhardlydiedwhenthefamilyargumentsbegan.
•地点状语从句
Helivewhereheliked.
•原因状语从句
Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.
Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.
I'
minaslightlyawkwardposition,inthatmysecretaryisonholidayatthatmoment.
•目的状语从句
Wehavesoarrangedmattersthatoneofusisalwaysonduty.
BringitclosersothatImayseeitbetter.
•结果状语从句
Hebroughtabighouseso（that）hehadmorespacetopaintin.
Hemadesuchagoodspeechthathewonwarmapplause.
Thebrotherslookssoalikethatitisdifficulttotellthemeachother
•条件状语从句
IfImakeapromise,Ikeepit.
lllendyouthemoney,as/solongasyoutakemyadvice.
Thesemessageswillbecomerubbishunlesssomemeasureshavebeentaken.
•让步状语从句
Although/thoughhewasSpanish,hespentmostofhislifeinGermany.
Whatever/Nomatterwhathappens,youmustbecalmandquiet.
However/nomatterhowloudlyyoushout,youwon'
tbeheard.
•方式状语从句
Ihavechangedtheplanasyousuggested.
Asif（asthough）
•比较状语从句（重点）
SheisastallasTom（is）Iarrivedasearlyasyou（did）
Marywasolder/morecarefulthanTom（was）
Maryworksharder/morecarefullythanTom（does）
BillspeaksFrench----（badly）thanhewritesit.
The–（far）awaywegetfromtheearth,thethinnertheairbecomes.further进
•（8）定语从句在从句中成份+连词
Sheisabeautifulgirl.Ilikethegirlwhoisbeautiful.（who主语）
ThisisthefilmthatIsee.
Thisistheboywho（whom）（--）youmetyesterday.（主语）
TellmesomethingaboutthemanforwhomIshallbeworking/（whom）Ishallbeworkingfor.
Ireadthebookwhosecoverisred.
YouarestillthesamepersonasIknewtenyearsago.
Ineverheardsuchstoriesashetold.
Thisisthedaywhen（onwhich）Ijoinedtheleague.
Thisisthehousewhere（inwhich）Ilive./ThisisthehouseIlivein.
•非限定性定语从句:
HemetMary,whoinvitedhimtodinner.
IgavethebooktoTom,whom/whoIfoundafterthemeeting.
Herdoctor,whoseofficewasnewlydecorated,startedtochargehigherfee.
Hislatestplay,whichwaswellreviewedbythecritics,hasbeenagreatsuccess.
Icalledhimbythewrongname,forwhichmistakeIapologized.
Prof.Emery,aboutwhomeveryoneistakingthesedays.
Thereareonlyfourareas____verymanydiamondshavebeenfound.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which
Where用在定语从句和状语从句的区别
llgototheplace（whereIlive）
llgowhereverworkconditionsaredifficult.
•定语从句和同位语从句的区别
Thenews（thatourteamhadwon）wasknowntoall.
Thisisthefilmthat（Isee）.
考题:
Suchpeople–youdescribearerarenowadays.
a.asb.thatc.whod.which
Anyone---（want）tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutIT.[whowant]
WhowantsManyofusvisitedtheindustrialexhibition,---,toourdisappointment,wesawveryfewhigh-techproducts.
a.whereb.whichc.asd.that
3.并列复合句
Hesaidthathewouldgiveupsmoking,butnobodybelieveit.
Ineversawabusierpersonthansheseemedtobe;
yetitwasdifficulttosaywhatheshedid.
动词的时态和语态
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
过去
Idid
Iwasdoing
Ihaddone
Ihadbeendoing
现在
Ido
Iamdoing
Ihavedone
Ihavebeendoing
将来
Ishalldo
Ishallbedoing
Ishallhavedone
Ishallhavebeendoing（/）
过去将来
Ishoulddo
Ishouldbedoing（/）
Ishouldhavedone（/）
Ishouldhavebeendoing（/）
重点语法——动词的时态和语态
•时态的呼应
Ithoughttheexperimentwasgoingonnow.
Shesaidthisapparatuswouldbeavailablenextweek.
•Am/is/are/+done.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.
Was/were+doneThisroomwascleanedyesterday.
Willbe+doneThisroomwillbecleaned.
Am/is/arebeingdoneThisroomisbeingcleanedatthemoment.
Was/werebeingdoneThisroomwasbeingcleanedwhenIarrived.
Have/hasbeendoneMycarhasbeenrepaired.
HadbeendoneTheroomlooksmuchbetter.Ithadbeencleaned.
•NosoonerhadIarrivedatthetheatrethanthefilmbegan.
Hardly…..when
Somepeoplethinkthattherelationsbetweenpeoplehavedeteriorated-（deteriorate）somuchthatunderstandingandfriendshiparealmostimpossible.
Nearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappened（happen）toher.
非谓语动词
（1）
动词不定式
•做主语Toseeistobelieve.
Whattodonexthasnotbeendecide
Itisnoteasytorememberallthesewords.
•表语Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.
•定语Thisisabooktobewritten.
•宾语Iwanttostudy.
Hefounditimpossibletokeepsilentanylonger.
•宾补Theywarnedmenottobelate.
Iletyoudoit
（make,have,see,watch,notice,lookat,observe,smell,listento,hear,perceive）
•状语Yesterdayhecametoseeme.
•独立成份Tobefrank,sheisnotmygirlfriend.
•形容词补语Iamgladtohearthenews.
•不定式的逻辑主语Forabridgetocollapselikethatisunbelievable.
•不定式的时态和语态todo（be）,tobe+p.p.
tohavedone,tohavebeendone
动名词
•主,表语Seeingisbelieving
Tom'
sgoingtherewon'
tdoanyharm.
Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.
•定语Thisisaswimmingpoor.（apoorforswimming）
Thisisahidingplace（aplaceforhiding）
•宾语Ienjoystudying（mind,keep,appreciate,can'
thelp,consider,postpone,suggest,admitetc.）
Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
•介词+宾语
Iusedtodoing.（confessto,lookforwardto,objecttodoingsth.）
beinvolvein,consistof,befondof,etc.
•动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态
分词
•状语WhenIsawthefilm,Ifeltsad=Seeingthefilm,Ifeltsad.
BecauseitisSundaytoday,wehavenoschool.
ItbeingSunday,wehavenoschool.
Whenthejobwasfinished,wewenthomestraightaway.
Thejobfinished,wewenthomestraightaway.
•定语Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine.
=Theboywhoisstandingthereisaclassmateofmine.
Theusedcar.Abrokencupthequestioninvolved.
•表语Thefilmisexciting.Allthewindowsarebroken.
•宾补Ifoundthemwateringflowers.（Ifoundthattheywerewateringflowers.
Ifoundtheflowerswatered.（Ifoundtheflowerswatered）
•分词的时态和语态.（形同动名词）
doing（being）beingdone
havingdonehavingbeendone
______nothingtosay,theboyshieldwayformthecrowd.
A.HavingB.HaveCHad.D.Havingbeing
Whatdevelopedwasamusicreadilytaking（take）onvariousforms.
Nothavinggot（notget）enoughhands,shehadgreatdifficultyinaccomplishingthetask.
非谓语动词答题要点
1.Anyonewanting（want）tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutrobotics.
2．AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvicted（convict）ofmurder.
3.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced,thenumberofanimalsused（use）inexperimentsmaydecrease.
Nothavegot（not,get）enoughhandsshehadgreatdifficultyinaccomplishingthetask．
Itisawell-knownfactthatapersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyestocontrol（control）hisdirection.
AsI'
llbeawayforayear，I'
dappreciatehearing（hear）fromyounowandthen．
Objectto,confessto,lookforwardto+doing.
介词+doing.
IfIhadremembered---thewindow,thethiefwouldnothavegotin.
a.tocloseb.closingc.tohaveclosed.havingclosed.
Begin,start,intend,continuetodo,doing的区别不大
Thebabybegancrying.Thebabybegantocry.
Trytodo.努力去做Trydoing尝试去做
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