高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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”“Slowdown!
”“Turnleft!
”
word-*words后面有并列的三句话,故word用复数words。
2.(2017全国II卷)Besides,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet.
informations-information因information是不可数名词,没有复数
形式。
二、代词
阅读理解
Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay...
Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.
It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?
A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.
B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.
C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.
D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.
指代前句中即前一段的最后一句中的themusichasfailedtoconnect6withyoungergenerations,比较各选项,只有C正确。
(2017全国II卷67)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing67everyday.
it指代前句中的therailway。
1.(2017全国II卷)Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.
all-*both考查代词。
因Mr.andMrs.Zhang是两个人,而all是指三者或三者以上的“都”,故改all为表示两者“都”的both。
2.(2017全国III卷)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.
you—my是“我的”照片,应是“我的”学生时代回忆美好的事。
(P171第二组第二篇)1canclimbthehills.Allthiswillbeinterestingand
goodforyourhealth.Aboveall,Icanlearnmoreaboutnature.
解析(P55):
your—my由语境可知,应是对“我的”身体有益。
三、冠词语法填空
1.(2017全国I卷65)As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotry
tomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.
a因asaresult固定短语。
2.(2017全国III卷62)Instead,sheisearning£
6,500adayas62
modelinNewYork.
a表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。
3.(2017全国II卷64)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackand
thenbuildingastrongroofover64top.
the特指这条路的短文改错
1.(2017全国1卷)IstillrememberhowhardAfirstdaywas.
在first前加the或my在序数词前要用定冠词the,在本文语境里,
也可用my,表示“我学习驾驶的第一天”。
2.(2017全国II卷)Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.
a改成an/one因half是以元音音素开头的,表示数量“一”,要用an或one。
3.(2017全国III卷)AroundmeinApicturearethethingsthatwereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime
在picture前加the或this特指上面提到的这张照片。
四、介词
1.(2017全国I卷61)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedical
community(医学界)61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsome
unintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease...
as表示“作为”一种方法。
2.(2017全国II卷62)...andallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsonthe
roadsaboveastheytravelledtoand62work.
from因是固定搭配,表示“往返,来回”,toandfromwork意为“上下班”。
3.(2017全国III卷68)Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodel
full-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringor
architecture.
in表示“某方面的学位”用介词in。
又如:
take/getadegreeinlaw获得法律学位。
1.(2017全国I卷]0)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad.
on-*of考查介词。
表示“在y…的中间”是inthemiddleof。
2.(2017全国II卷6)Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.
for考查介词。
因buy是及物动词,表示买某物,其后直接接宾语。
3.(2017全国III卷1)WhenIlookatthispictureofmyselfIrealizeofhowfasttimeflies.
删除realize后的of因realize是及物动词,后直接接宾语从句,不再用介词of,故删除。
五、并列连词
1.(2017全国I卷)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.
so-*but/yet考查并列连词。
前后是转折关系。
2.(2017全国III卷)Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.
and—but因notonly...butalso是固定搭配。
六、从句连词
定语从句
1.(2017全国I卷70)Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(口乞;
betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood...
Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodfor
thehealth.
which引导非限制性定语从句用which。
2.(2017全国III卷64)ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalong
withtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.
who因谓语动词是后面的want,所以两个逗号之间是一个定语从句,先行词是人又在从句中作主语,故填who。
1.(2017全国II卷)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.
tha卜which考^从句连词。
引导非限制性定语从句不能用that,先行词garden是物,用which。
2.(2017全国III卷)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime...
they-*that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词是物,应用that或which。
七、谓语动词时态
1.(2017全国I卷67)Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeat
goesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt.
is主第M称单词,由上下文可知用一般现在时,故填is。
2.(2017全国II卷68)Later,engineers68(manage)toconstruct
railwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道)whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossible...
managed这是谓语动词,根据上下文谓语动词的时态可知,也用一般过去时。
3.(2017全国III卷69)MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthat
moment,school69(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedin
modeling.
comes由上下文的时态可知,用一般现在时。
(2017全国I卷4)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.
goes---went上下文均为一般过去时。
(2017全国II卷9)Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudents...
came-*comes主句谓语动词willinvite是一般将来吋,从句应用一
般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填comes。
(2017全国III卷2)Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.
had-*have因inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用,故改had为have。
(2017全国III卷5)Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.
become-*-became由and可知,become应与前面的entered—致,又由从句谓语was可知,用一般过去时。
语态
1.(2017全国I卷64)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyare
requiredtoprocessthefoodthatweeat...Whenfatandsalt64(remove)
fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.
areremoved表示“被移除”,上下文为现在时。
2.(2017全国II卷65)Steamengines65(use)topullthecarriages
anditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers...However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccess...
wereused因与是被动关系,又是过去的动作,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数,填wereused。
3.(2017全国III卷63)Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snew
supermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschool...
hasbeentold/wastold由tellsbsth可知要用被动语态,由语境可知,应是“己有人告诉她”或“曾有人告诉她”,故用现在完成时或一般过去时的被动语态。
(2017全国III卷)Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschool...
took-*taken这是被动语态,应是was加take的过去分词,而take的过去分词是taken,故took改为taken。
七、非谓语动词语法填空
1.(2017全国I卷63)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyare
required63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandfor
severalotherbodilyfunctions.
toprocess由requiresbtodosth可知,用不定式作主补。
2.(2017全国III卷65)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtop
models,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.
toimprove由wanttodosth.可知。
3.(2017全国I卷68)Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;
by68(eat)
morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
eating在介词后作宾语要用动名词。
4.(2017全国II卷63)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)
thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroof...
laying与前面的digging及后面的andthenbuilding为并列关系,—起作included的宾语;
根据“并列一致”可知,也应用-ing形式,故填laying(铺)。
5.(2017全国III卷61)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnot
spendinghalf-term61(rest).
resting由spend...doingsth.可知。
(2017全国II卷10)Whensummercome,theywillinvitetheirstudentsApickthefreshvegetables!
在pick前加to考查非谓语动词。
由invitesbtodosth可知。
八、词类转换语法填空
1.(2017全国II卷69)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe
69(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.
introduction作介词的宾语要用名词或者在冠词the后要名词,表示“采用,引入”,故填introductiono
2.(2017全国III卷66)Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66
(educate).
education作介词的宾语或在形容词性物主代词后,要用名词。
3.(2017全国1卷69)However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.
careful作表语要用形容词厂
4.(2017全国II卷70)TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost
70(success)ofthesenewlines...
successful因themostsuccessful为形容词的最高级,后面省略了名词lineso
5.(2017全国III卷70)Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittle
unreal.
certainly修饰动词用副词,意为:
这“当然是”有趣的事。
6.(2017全国II卷66)Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesandit
musthavebeen66(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthe
smokeandnoise.
fairly修饰形容词unpleasant,表示“相当地”,用副词fairly。
短文改错*
1.(2017全国I卷)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.
suddenly-*sudden考查词类转换。
在名词前作定语要用形容词。
2.(2017全国III卷)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes...
difference—different在名词前作定语要用形容词。
八、比较等级语法填空
(2017全国I卷66)Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthat
peopleeatgoesup.
worse表示比这“更糟糕的是”。
1.(2017全国I卷)Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.
late—