博弈论重要名词中英文对照88968文档格式.docx

博弈论重要名词中英文对照88968文档格式.docx

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贝叶斯博弈

BayesianN“shequilibriumt贝叶斯纳什均衡behaviorstrategiest行为战略beliefs・倍念.概率

prior~,先验概率posterior〜，后脸概率Lk'

rlrandgame,（0川徳博弈Bertrandc（iuilibrium・们川徳均衡bestresponse,最优对应（反应）bestresponsefunction•最优反应函数bcwdpigsgamet智猪博弈budgetbalancingconstraint•平衡预算约束

chainstoreparadox,连锁店悼论certaintye<

pjivalcnce.确定性等价talks,廉价磋商•无成本•交流chickengame,斗鸡时弈coalition.联盟

commonknowledge♦共同知识compensation,报酬.补偿roniplomentaryf吃补（的〉completeinformation-完全信息、concavefunction>

巴I函数coniinuousstrategiest连续战略contract•契约，合同convexfunction.凸函数convexset9凸集

cooperativegame・“作冈弈c<

M）rdinationgame・廿》澜博弈correlcitedstrategies・柑关战略correspondence・对应

Cournoigame・库诺特博弈

Cournotequilibrium•库诺特均衛cumulativedisiributionfunction.累仪布函数

discountfactor>

贴现因fdiscountrate•贴现率dominance-solvableganie»

重复剔除占优口J解瞎弈dominantstrategy•占优战略

~equilibriam・占优战略均衡dominatedstrategy・劣战略double-sidedmoralhazard•双边道德风I佥dynamicconsistency-动，态一致‘吃dynamicgame・动态博弈

Edgeworthparadox・埃奇维斯悖论efficiencywage,效率工资entrydeterrence,［左入遏制equilibrium,均衡

Bayesian〜，贝叶斯均衡

Bertrand〜•伯川徳均衡

Nash-*、纳什均衡

out-of〜，非旳衡

perfect〜，精炼均衡pooling〜.混同均衡reactive〜.反应均衡separating〜，分离均衡equilibriumpath,均衡路径

outof非均衛路径（off-〜九非均衡路径

equilibriumrefinement,均衡（概念）的改进（精炼）exante,半前

expost,事丿占

extensiveformofgame,博弈的扩展式（表述）

finitestrategies♦有限战略

finitelyrepeatedgames,有限次車复博弈first-bestcontract,…级最优合约（合同）first-bestsolution•（帕累托）-级最优解first-moveradvantage^先动优势first-orderconditiont•阶条件

first-orderstochasticdominance^一阶随机占优（条件）first-priceopen-cryauction^―阶公开口片卖1first-price-sealedbidauctiont一阶密封价格拍卖fixedbargainingcost,讨价还价的固定成本focalpoint,聚点解

folktheorem,无名氏定理forcingcontracts强制合同

forwardinduction.顺向归纳

fullyinsured♦全保的

gametheoryT博弈论

gametreet博弈树

gangoffourmodel.四人帮模型

grabthedollar,抓钱博弈

grimstrategy,冷酷战略

（iroves-Clarkemechanism•格罗大斯一克拉克机制

Harsanyidoctrine>

海萨丿亡公理

Harsanyitransformation•海萨尼转换

hiddenaction,隐藏行动

hiddeninformation>

隐藏信息

Hotellingmodel♦豪泰林模型

imperfectinformation彳:

完美信，息incentivecompatibility•激励相容

〜constraint・激励相容约束

incompleteinformation♦刁心完全（吉,恁

independenceofirrelevantalternatives9无关选择的独立性

individualrationalityconstraint个人理性纟勺束infinitegame,无限博弈

infinitestrategyspace,无穷战略空间

infinitelyrepeatedgame,无限次重复博弈

information•信恵

informarionparriiion•信息分割informationsets信息集informationalrents.信息租informedplayers知怙扒冇私人信息的参与人■代理人

insurancegame»

保:

险业博齐intuitivecriterionF•［观标准invariance■不变性ireraleddominance,貶复剔除占优

^equilibrium重复剔除占优均衡

lemonsgame.柠檬博处，IH货市场博弈

limiipricingmodel,限制性定价俱型，垄断限价模型linearcontract,信息合同locationmodel•位宦选择模型

lowersemi-continuouscorrespondence5下半连续艮寸应

margiiuillikelihood・边缘概率matchingpennies,猜谜博弈matrixgame,矩阵博弈menuofcontractst合同菜单minimaxcriteriont最小最大标准minimaxpayoffs•最小最大支付minimaxpunishmentt最小最大惩罚mixedstraregy,混合战略

monotonelikelihoodr.propertyt匏调似然率持征moralhazard>

道德风险

multipleequilibrium•多重均衡mutualknowledge共冋知识

Nashbargaining••Jon,纳什讨价还价解

Nwshequilibrium.纳什均衡

Nature,自然（虚拟参与人〉•外主力母node>

结

noncooperativegame$丁亡台作同弈normalformofagame,溥弈的标准炭述nuisancesuits>

要H办i斥讼

one-shorigame••次性礴弈

one-sided“symmetry.单方非乂寸丰尔

optimaIcontracts呆优合同

orderofplay•行动顺宇

out-of-equilibriumbehavior>

非均衡行为outcome<

纟吉果

overlappinggenerationnlodel叠代模32

Paretodominance•帕累托山优•帕累托最优

Paretoperfection•帕累托楮炼

partiallyadverse?

>

elcrtic>

n>

部分逆向选择partiallypoolingequilibrium••生混同均衡partiallyrevealinge（iuilibrium<

准显示均衡partiallyseparatingequilibrium,i隹刁上离均衡participationconstraint,参与纟勺束partition,分割path•路径payoff・支付，效用payoff-equatingmethod,等支付方法perfectequilibrium,精炼均衡

perfectBayesianequilibrium»

精炼Ul叶斯均衡

perfectNashequilibrium,精炼纳什均衡perfectinformation,完美彳［息perfectrecall,完美回忆，完其记忆perfectsequentialequilibrium,精炼序贯均衡player,参与人poolingequilibrium♦混同均衡posteriorbelief♦后验概率precommitmentstrategy,爭前承诺战略predecessor,前列结preemptiongame,抢先进人陣弈principal♦委托人principal-agenttheory*委托一代理理论principalship>

姿托权priorbelief.先验槪率prisoners7dilemma,囚徒困境privateinformation.和'

人信息properequilibrium«

适度均衡pseudo-player•鹿拟参与人

publicinformation・公共信息・公开信息purestrategyt纯战略

randomaction随机行动

ratcheteffect棘轮效应

rationalizablestrategy•可理性化战略

reactioncurve反应曲线

reactioncorrespondence>

反应寸应

reactionfunctio反应函数

reactiveequilibriumt反应均衡

refinementofequilibrium«

均衡的精炼.均衡的改进renegotiation♦再磋商•重新谈判

repeatedgame,重复博弈

reputation•声誉

reservationutility・保留效用

reservationwage•保留工资

residualclaimant•剰余索取者revelationprincipleT显示原理

revealingequilibrium>

显示均衡

revenue-equilibriumtheorem•收益等价定理risk,风险risk-averse■风险规避risk-neutral,风险中性rulesofthegame，傅弈规则screening,信息甄别second-bestcontract-次优合同

second-orderstochastic<

lominanre»

二阶随机舟优secondpricesealedbid,二级密封价格招标（舶卖）selfselectionconstraint.自选择约束semi-separatingequilibrium・准分离衡separatingequilibrium,分离均衡sequentialequilibrium•序贯均衡se<

|ueniial-movegame•序贯行动博弈sccjueniialrationality,序贯理件side-paymentt转移支付signal,U号，发出信号signaling,号传递simultaneous-movegame,同H寸行动博弈single-crossingpropertyt单交叉点特征singletoninformationw单结信息stablecciuilibrium<

稳定均J衡

Stackelbergequilibrium5斯坦克尔伫格均衡startingnodct初始结statespace.状态空间

siocha«

（icdominance#随机占优strategiccomplements,战略互补strategicformofagame博弈的战略式表述strategicsubstiiutes战略祎代strategyt战略strategyprofile,战略组合strategysd战略集台・战略集

strategyspace.战略空間

*ubgame•子博弈

subgameperfc'

etness<

子博弈精炼

successor•丿打续结

sufficientsiatistic.先统i十竝

sufficientstatisticcondiiion<

先刁〉纟充i十虽条彳牛

sunkcost,沉淀成本

supergame9超级博弈

symmetricinformation,对称信息

tcanitheory,]4J队上甲论

（cams•团]決

timeconsistency5时序■■致性■动态一致性

tournaments>

锦标制度

tremblinghandequilibrium,颤抖手均衡

triggerstrategy・触发战略

叮【*'

・类型

uncertziinty不确定‘性

unobservable・不可观测（观察）性upper-scmicontinuouscornspondence-上'

&

i生续X扌卩辽

verifiablc，町证实的

unverifiable^不町址实的

Vickeryaucrion^威克瑞拍类

vonNewmannMorgensternutilityfunction,v-N-M

效用函数

warofattrition$消耗战

weakNashequilibrium♦弱纳什均衡weakly-dominatedstrategy,弱劣战略Wilsonequilibrium»

威尔逊均衡winner^curse,贏者tfl咒

yardstickcompetitionT标尺竞争