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形考任务一（70分）Chapter1Exercise（分值7分）题目1I.Vocabularyskills（3points）Lookatthecolumnsbelow.Matcheachvocabularywordontherightwiththecorrectdefinitionontheleft.（0.5pointseach）1.thebusorsubway2.proofofcompletionofcoursesofstudents3.moneyforstudentsfromscholarships,grants,orloans4.formaltalksbyprofessorsorinstructorsonsubjectsofstudy5.coursesbyvideo,videoconferencing,orcomputerstostudentsindifferentplaces6.thepointsorgradeastudentgetsonatest答案：

II.ReadingComprehension（4points）Readthepassages,thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.（1pointeach）ExperiencingCultureShockAWhenElizaJamesarrivedattheUniversityofXian,shewasexcitedtoliveinanewcountry,toimproveherChinese,andtoexperienceaculturesodifferentfromherown.Butsoonherexcitementturnedtofrustrationassheencounteredoneroadblockafteranother.“IfeltlikeIcouldn＇taccomplishanything.Mydormroomhadnoheat,Icouldn＇tgetintotheclassesIwanted,andeverytimeIaskedsomeoneforhelptheygavemetherunaround.Ifeltlikenoonewaslisteningtome.“Elizametwithadministrators,sentlettersofcomplaint,andevencontactedtheconsulateinBeijing,butshegotnowhere.WhatElizadidn＇trealizewasthatherAmericanapproachtosolvingproblemswasverydifferentfromtheChineseoneinwhichpatienceandnegotiationskillsarekey.ShesoonlearnedhowtosolveproblemswithintheculturalnormsofChinesesocietyinsteadofforcingherownvaluesontothosearoundher.“IfinallyfeellikeIfitinandthatIknowwhatI＇mdoing.Infact,it＇sreallyfunbeinginaplacethat＇ssoincrediblydifferentfromwhatIamaccustomedto.“BYoshiYamamotoisajunioratasmallcollegeoutsideofBoston.Althoughheisanhonorsstudentnow,Yoshididn＇talwayshavesuchaneasytimestudyinginAmerica.“TeachingmethodsareverydifferentherethantheyareinJapan.Ittookmealongtimetogetusedtolearninginseminarsanddiscussingideaswithmyclassmates.AtfirstitseemedlikeIwasn＇tactuallylearninganything.“Yoshi＇sreactionwastototallywithdraw:

hedidn＇tparticipateinclassdiscussion;

hespentlotsoftimealoneinhisroom,andheevenskippedclassonoccasion.“IthoughtIcouldteachmyself.NowIrecognizethevalueoftheU.S.academicsystem,andIamabletoadaptittomyownlearningstyle.“CBothElizaandYoshiexperiencedwhatiscalledcultureshock:

psychologicaldisorientationduetolivinginanewculture.Formanyinternationalstudents,studyingabroadcanofferexposuretonewculturesandanopportunitytostudynewfieldsandlanguages.However,italsooffersthegreaterchallengeoftryingtofunctioninaforeignculture.Studyingandreadingaboutacertaincultureispoorpreparationfortherealityoflivinginit.Accordingtopsychologicalstudies,thefourstagesofcultureshockare1.euphoria,2.hostility,3.gradualadjustment,and4.adaptation.Cultureshockcanbemanifestedinmanyways:

homesickness,boredom,stereotypingoforhostilitytowardsthehostculture,overeatingoroverdrinking,withdrawal,andinabilitytoworkeffectively.DDifferentpeopleexperiencedifferentlevelsofcultureshockandreactindifferentways.Forexample,ElizagotangrywhileYoshiwithdrewfromsociety.Themostimportantthingtorememberisthatcultureshockisnormal;

itisnotsomethingtobeashamedof.Luckily,therearesomethingsinternationalstudentscandotomaketheiradjustmenttoanewcountrygomoresmoothly.Forinstance,theycanstayintouchwithfamilyandfriendsfromhome,joininternationalstudentorganizations,meetpeoplefromtheirowncountries,andgetinvolvedincampusactivities.Mostimportantly,theycanadjusttolifeabroadbykeepingasenseofhumorandtryingtoremainpositive.RecognizingParagraphTopics（choosetheparagraphletter）题目27.anexplanationofcultureshock选择一项：

C.C题目38.waysthatstudentscanadjusttolivinginanewcountry选择一项：

D.D题目49.theexperienceofaninternationalstudentintheUnitedStates选择一项：

B.B题目510.theexperienceofaninternationalstudentinChina选择一项：

A.AChapter2Exercise（分值7分）题目1I.VocabularySkills（2points）Sometimesexamplescanexplainthemeaningofawordorphrase.Forexample,sun,rain,andwindareexamplesofkindsofweather.Lookatthecolumnsbelow.Matcheachvocabularywordorphraseinthefirstcolumnwiththeexamplesinthesecondcolumn.（0.4pointseach）1.kindsofextremeweather2.Earth’snaturalmaterialsandgases3.diseasesorhealthdisorders4.seasonsoftheyear5.naturalareasorregionsoftheearth答案：

II.ReadingComprehension（5points）CompletethefollowingstatementsbychoosingthebestfromtheanswersA,BorC.（1pointeach）SeasonalAffectiveDisorder:

MorethanJusttheBluesAJoshuadreadsthewintermonths,notonlybecauseofthecoldNewEnglandweather--thesleet,snow,wind,andrain--butbecauseastheseasonschangefromsummertofalltowinter,thedaysgetshorter.Asthedaysgetshorter,hestartsfeelingdepressedandirritableandspendsmoreandmoretimeathome,eatingandsleeping.Agraduatestudentinphilosophy,Joshuafindsthathegetslittleworkdoneduringthewintermonthsandhastroublepayingattentioninclassandconcentratingonhisresearch.“IsoonrealizedthatwhatIthoughtwasjustthe＇winterblues＇wassomethingmoreextremethanthat.“JoshvisitedadoctorwhodiagnosedhimwithSAD.BSeasonalAffectiveDisorder,orSAD,isakindofdepressionthatoccursseasonally.Itisassociatedwiththelonghoursofdarknessandlackofsunlightduringthewintermonths（peoplewithSADusuallyfeelworsefromDecemberthroughFebruary）.Scientistsdon＇tcompletelyunderstandtheexactcausesofSAD,buttheybelieveitisrelatedtoabiochemicalimbalanceinthehypothalamus.Thehypothalamusisthebasicpartofthebrainthatcontrolsthebody＇sbreathing,heartbeat,metabolism,andhormonerelease.TheeffectsofSADincludemoodiness,irritability,lowenergy,increasedappetiteforcarbohydrates（foodssuchaspotatoes,rice,andbread）,difficultyconcentrating,andthetendencytooversleep.CAlthoughdoctorsdescribedSADforthefirsttimein1984,humanshaveprobablydealtwiththedisorderforthousandsofyears.Itisnotacoincidencethatmanycultureshaveimportantcelebrationsduringtheshortdaysofthewintermonths.Christmas,Hanukkah,andWinterSolsticecelebrationsalloccurinDecember.Thesecelebrationsinvolvelightingcandlesinordertobringlight,warmth,andhappinesstoanotherwisedepressingtimeofyear.DSowhatcanSADsufferersdotofeelbetter?

Naturally,theyneedmorelight.ForpeoplewhohavemildcasesofSAD,exercisinginthemorningsuncouldbeenoughtohelpthem.Phototherapy,orlighttherapy,isusuallyprescribedforpeoplewhohavemoreseriouscasesofthedisorder.Inlighttherapy,patientssitinfrontofalightbox,astrongartificiallight,foruptofourhoursaday.Phototherapyiseffectiveinover80%ofSADcases,andpatientsusuallyseeresultswithinthreetofourdays.AlthoughthesymptomsofSADaresimilartothoseofclinicaldepression,traditionalantidepressantshavenotprovenusefulintreatingSAD.WhilepsychologicalcounselingcannottreatthesymptomsofSAD,itisrecommendedtohelpSADsuffererslearntoacceptanddealwiththeirillness.题目26.Joshuastartsfeelingdepressedandirritableinthewinterbecause选择一项：

B.hesuffersfromSeasonalAffectiveDisorder题目37.SeasonalAffectiveDisorder,orSAD,isaconditionthatresearchersbelieveaffectspeopleduringthewintermonths.Scientistsbelieveitiscausedby选择一项：

C.lackofsunlightandabiochemicalimbalanceinthebrain题目48.HumanshaveprobablystruggledwithSADsince选择一项：

A.ancienttimes题目59.PeoplewhosufferfromSADcantofeelbetter.选择一项：

A.dolighttherapy题目610.Thispassagetalksabout_____.选择一项：

B.BothAandB.Chapter3Exercise（分值7分）I.ReadingComprehension（5points）Readthepassages,thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.（1pointeach）FastfoodcanbegoodfoodManypeoplearetoobusytoprepareandeatthreenutritiousmealsaday.sotheyturntotheconvenienceoffast-foodrestaurants.Manyoftheitemsatfast-foodrestaurants,snackbars,andfoodstandsarefatteningandnotverynutritious.Butfastfooddoesn’thavetobeunhealthy.youcaneatatfast-foodrestaurantsandstilleatwell.PayAttentiontoCaloriesandFatContentBypayingattentiontothenumberofcaloriesandfatthatafooditemhas,youcanmakesmarterchoices.Caloriesare“unitsformeasuringhowmuchenergyafoodwillproduce”.condsidertwofast-foodmeals.Aquarter-poundhamburgerwithcheese,jumbo-sizefries,anda16-ouncesodahaveatotalof1,535caloriesand76gramsoffat.abroiled（cookedunderdirectheatoroveraflame）chickensandwich,asidesaladwithlow-fatdressing,andaglassofwateratthesamefast-foodrestauranthaveonly422caloriesand7gramsoffat.butmaybeyoureallywantahamburgerandfries.well,youcanhaveasmallhamburger,asmallservingoffries,andaglassofwater.Atatotalof490caloriesand20gramsoffat,that’sstillamuchsmarterchoicethanthelargeburger,fries,and20gramsoffat,that’sst