Elements in the Human BodyWord文档下载推荐.docx

Elements in the Human BodyWord文档下载推荐.docx

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Carbon

Hydrogen

Nitrogen

Calcium

Phosphorus

Potassium

Sodium

Chlorine

Magnesium

Sulfur

65%ofBodyWeight

ByAnneMarieHelmenstine,Ph.D.,AGuide

Oxygenispresentinwaterandothercompounds.

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GalleryIndex

PrevNext

Liquidoxygeninanunsilvereddewarflask.Liquidoxygenisblue.

WarwickHillier,AustraliaNationalUniversity,Canberra

Oxygenisnecessaryforrespiration.Youwillfindthiselementinthelungs,sinceabout20%oftheairyoubreatheisoxygen.

18.6%ofBodyWeight

Carbonisfoundineveryorganicmoleculeinthebody.

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Photographofgraphite,oneoftheformsofelementalcarbon.

U.S.GeologicalSurvey

Carbonisingestedinfoodthatiseatenandbreathedinasacomponentofair.Itisfoundinthelungsasawasteproductofrespiration,carbondioxide.

9.7%ofBodyWeight

Hydrogenisacomponentofthewatermoleculesinthebody,aswellasmostothercompounds.

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NGC604,aregionofionizedhydrogenintheTriangulumGalaxy.

3.2%ofBodyWeight

Nitrogenisacomponentofproteins,nucleicacids,andotherorganiccompounds.

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Imageofsolid,liquid,andgaseousnitrogen.

chemdude1,YouT

Nitrogengasisfoundinthelungs,sincemostoftheairyoubreatheconsistsofthiselement.

1.8%ofBodyWeight

Calciumisamajorcomponentoftheskeletalsystem.Itisfoundinbonesandteeth.

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Calciumisametal.Itreadilyoxidizesinair.Becauseitmakesupsuchalargepartoftheskeleton,aboutone-thirdofthemassofhumanbodycomesfromcalcium,afterwaterhasbeenremoved.

Tomihahndorf,CreativeCommonsLicense

Calciumisalsofoundinthenervoussystem,muscles,andthebloodwhereitisintegralinpropermembranefunction,conductingnerveimpulses,regulatingmusclecontractions,andbloodclotting.

1.0%ofBodyWeight

Phosphorusisfoundinthenucleusofeverycell.

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Redphosphorusisoneofseveralformstakenbythiselement.

RTC,wikipedia.org

Phosphorusispartofnucleicacids,energycompounds,andphosphatebuffers.Theelementisincorporatedintothebones,combineswithotherelementsincludingiron,potassium,sodium,magnesiumandcalcium.Itisnecessaryforsexualfunctionandreproduction,musclegrowth,andtosupplynutrientstothenerves.

0.4%ofBodyWeight

Potassiumprimarilyisfoundinthemusclesandnervesasanion.

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Chunkofpotassiummetalwithperoxides/superoxides（yellowcrystals）andozonide（redcoloring）onitssurface

JustinUrgitis,www.wikipedia.org

Potassiumisimportantformembranefunction,nerveimpulses,andmusclecontractions.Potassiumcationsarefoundincellularcytoplasm.Theelectrolytehelpstoattractoxygenandremovetoxinsfromthetissues.

0.2%ofBodyWeight

Sodiumisimportantforpropernerveandmusclefunction.Itisexcretedinperspiration.

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Sodiummetalchunksundermineraloil.

Chlorineaidsincellularabsorptionofwater.Itisthemajoranioninbodyfluids.

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Thisisasampleofpurechlorinegas.Chlorinegasisapalegreenishyellowcolor.

Greenhorn1,publicdomain

Chlorineisapartofhydrochloricacid,usedtodigestfood.Itisinvolvedinpropercellmembranefunction.

0.06%ofBodyWeight

Magnesiumisacofactorforenzymesinthebody.

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Photographoftheelementmagnesium,withapennytoindicatesizeofthesample.

Magnesiumisneededforstrongteethandbones.

0.04%ofBodyWeight

Sulfurisacomponentofmanyaminoacidsandproteins.

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Crystalsofthenonmetallicelementsulfur.