美国文学多部作品的翻译及赏析Word格式.docx
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招展的小小枝梢也没人观赏;
没游来荡去的脚来把你踩碎,
没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪。
大自然把你打扮得一身洁白,
她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙的目光,
她布置下树荫把你护卫起来,
又让潺潺的柔波淌过你身旁;
你的夏天就这样静静地消逝,
这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。
那些难免消逝的美使我销魂,
想起你未来的结局我就心疼,
别的那些花儿也不比你幸运——
虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零,
无情的寒霜再加秋风的威力,
会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。
朝阳和晚露当初曾把你养育,
让你这小小的生命来到世上,
原来若乌有,就没什么可失去,
因为你的死让你同先前一样;
这来去之间不过是一个钟点——
这就是脆弱的花享有的天年。
Inthispoemthepoetexpressedakeenawarenessofthelovelinessandtransienceofnature.
1.Henotonlymeditatedonmortalitybutalsocelebratednature.Itimpliesthatlifeanddeathareinevitablelawofnature,"
thewildhoneysuckle"
isPhilipFreneau'
smostwidelyreadnaturallyricwiththethemeoftransience.
2.Thepoemexpressthepoet'
sviewaboutthewritingmaterialofAmericanwriters.Intheauthor'
sopinion,theoriginlandinAmericawasfilledwithbeautyandmyth,whichcouldcompetewiththerelicsofEurope.ItrevealedonthebasisofAmericanbeauty,theAmericanwritercanproducegoodworks.
Toawaterfowl-----WilliamCullenBryant
Whither,'
midstfallingdew,
Whileglowtheheavenswiththelaststepsofday,
Far,throughtheirrosydepths,dostthoupursue
Thysolitaryway?
Vainlythefowler'
seye
Mightmarkthydistantflighttodotheewrong,
As,darklypaintedonthecrimsonsky,
Thyfigurefloatsalong.
Seek'
stthoutheplashybrink
Ofweedylake,ormargeofriverwide,
Orwheretherockingbillowsriseandsink
Onthechafedoceanside?
ThereisaPowerwhosecare
Teachesthywayalongthatpathlesscoast,--
Thedesertandillimitableair,--
Lonewandering,butnotlost.
Alldaythywingshavefann'
d
Atthatfarheight,thecoldthinatmosphere:
Yetstoopnot,weary,tothewelcomeland,
Thoughthedarknightisnear.
Andsoonthattoilshallend,
Soonshaltthoufindasummerhome,andrest,
Andscreamamongthyfellows;
reedsshallbend
Soono'
erthyshelterednest.
Thou'
rtgone,theabyssofheaven
Hathswallowedupthyform;
yet,onmyheart
Deeplyhathsunkthelessonthouhastgiven,
Andshallnotsoondepart.
He,who,fromzonetozone,
Guidesthroughtheboundlessskythycertainflight,
InthelongwaythatImusttreadalone,
Willleadmystepsaright.
你往何方把孤单的前程追逐?
看你远远飞翔而无计可施,
捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾;
满天红霞把你映衬,披着滴落的露珠,
天空灿烂,白日的行程就要结束;
穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际,
暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。
你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨,
还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖?
或者潮水冲刷的海滩,
那里的巨浪奔腾起伏?
有上苍把你关照,
在无路的海岸为你指路--
在荒漠和无边的空际,
你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。
你成天翕动翅膀,
任空气稀薄暴寒冷,飞在高处,
疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地,
即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。
你很快就会结束这样的劳苦,
你即将找到你夏天的住处;
休息中呼唤自己的伙伴,
芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。
你的身躯全被吞没,
天堂深渊里,你踪影全无;
然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底,
我将久久地久久地把它记住砖
从一地又到一地,
天空无垠,你的飞翔从无迟误;
愿引领你的向导把我引领,
孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步。
“ToaWaterfowl”iswritteniniambictrimeter(抑扬三部格)andiambicpentameter(抑扬格五音部),consistingofeightstanzasoffourlines.ThepoemrepresentsearlystagesofAmericanRomanticismthroughcelebrationofNatureandGod'
spresencewithinNature.
BryantisacknowledgedasskillfulatdepictingAmericanscenerybuthisnaturaldetailsareoftencombinedwithauniversalmoral,asin"
ToaWaterfowl"
.
JustasGodguidesthewaterfowltoitssummerhome,sotooHeguidesthespeakerofthepoemthroughlifetohisultimatedestination,heaven.Intheend,onewillbeabletosayaboutthespeakerwhatthespeakersaysaboutthewaterfowl:
"
theabyssofheaven/Hathswallowedupthyform"
(lines25-26).Thepoemis,inessence,aprofessionoffaithinGod.
ToHelen----EdgarAllanPoe
Helen,thybeautyistome
LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore往昔,
Thatgently,o'
eraperfumedsea,
Theweary,way-wornwandererbore
Tohisownnativeshore.
Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam游荡,
Thyhyacinth风信子hair,thyclassicface,
ThyNaiad水仙女airshavebroughtmehome
TotheglorythatwasGreece,
AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.
Lo!
inyoubrilliantwindow-niche
Howstatue-likeIseetheestand,
Theagate玛瑙lampwithinthyhand!
Ah,Psyche普塞克,fromtheregionswhich
AreHolyLand!
海伦,你的美貌于我,
有如往日尼西亚的三桅船,
在芬芳的海上悠然浮起,
把劳困而倦游的浪子载还,
回到他故国的港湾。
早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡,
你风信子似的秀发,
你闪烁着古典美的面庞,
你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡,
重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。
看!
那明亮的窗龛中间,
我见你象一座神像站立,
玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里,
哦!
普赛克,你所来自的地方
原是那遥远的圣地!
ThebeautyofawomanwithwhomPoebecameacquaintedwhenhewas14.Apparentlyshetreatedhimkindlyandmayhaveurgedhimorperhapsinspiredhimtowritepoetry.
Beauty,asPoeusesthewordinthepoem,appearstorefertothewoman’sbodyaswellashersoul.
Ontheonehand,herepresentsherasHelenofTroy—thequintessence(典范)ofphysicalbeauty-atthebeginningofthispoem.
Ontheotherhand,herrepresentsherasPsyche–attheendofthepoem.InGreek,Psychemeanssoul.
IfeltaFuneral,inmyBrain---EmilyDickinson
IfeltaFuneral,inmyBrain,
AndMournerstoandfro
Kepttreading--treading--tillitseemed
ThatSensewasbreakingthrough--
Andwhentheyallwereseated,
AService,likeaDrum--
Keptbeating--beating--tillIthought
MyMindwasgoingnumb--
AndthenIheardthemliftaBox
AndcreakacrossmySoul
WiththosesameBootsofLead,again,
ThenSpace--begantotoll,
AsalltheHeavenswereaBell,
AndBeing,butanEar,
AndI,andSilence,somestrangeRace
Wrecked,solitary,here--
AndthenaPlankinReason,broke,
AndIdroppeddown,anddown--
AndhitaWorld,ateveryplunge,
Andfinishedknowing--then--
在腦中,我感受到--葬禮,
哀悼者來來去去
不停地踩著,踩著,直到
意義像似快要有有所突破
當他們都坐定位後,
葬禮儀式,像隻鼓
不停地敲打,敲打,直到
我心已麻木為止
然後我聽到他們抬起棺木
再次地,以那些同樣的鉛鞋
傾踩過我的靈魂
然後空間,開始響起喪鐘
所有的天堂就像個鈴鐺
存在,就像是只耳朵
而我和靜默是某種奇怪的族類
翻覆於此,孤單寂寞
然後理性的支架,崩裂,
我掉落,又掉落
猛然地撞到一個世界
然後豁然開朗透徹明白
ThemeterofthepoemisintheclassicballadmeterstyleofDickinson,andgivesthepoemagravetone.Itaddstothemessageofthepoemwithitrhythmictonesimilartothatofafuneralhymn.
IdiedforBeauty—butwasscarce---EmilyDickinson
Adjustedinthetomb
WhenOnewhodiedforTruth,waslain
InanadjoiningRoom—
Hequestionedsoftly,”whyIfailed”?
(WhyIdied)
“ForBeauty,”Ireplied—
“AndIforTruth—ThemselveareOne(beautyandtruthareone)
WeBrethren,are,”hesaid—(wearebrothers)
Andso,asKinsmen,metaNight—
WetalkedbetweentheRooms—
Untilthemoss(苔藓)hadreachedourlips—
Andcoveredup—ournames—
我为美死去,但是还不曾
安息在我的墓里,
又有个为真理而死去的人
来躺在我的隔壁。
他悄悄地问我为何以身殉?
“为了美,”我说。
“而我为真理,两者不分家;
我们是兄弟两个。
”
于是象亲戚在夜间相遇,
我们便隔墙谈天,
直到青苔爬到了唇际,
将我们的名字遮掩。
Theultimateeffectofthispoemistoshowthateveryaspectofhumanlife--ideals,humanfeelings,identityitself--iserasedbydeath.Butbymakingtheerasuregradual--somethingtobe"
adjusted"
tointhetomb--andbyportrayingaspeakerwhoisuntroubledbyherowngrimstate,Dickinsoncreatesascenethatis,byturns,grotesqueandcompelling,frighteningandcomforting.Itisoneofhermostsingularstatementsaboutdeath,andlikesomanyofDickinson'
spoems,ithasnoparallelsintheworkofanyotherwriter.
IheardaFlybuzz—whenIdied—EmilyDickinson
IheardaFlybuzz—whenIdied—
TheStillnessintheRoom
WasliketheStillnessintheAir—
BetweentheHeavesofStorm—
TheEyesaround—hadwrungthemdry—
AndBreathsweregatheringfirm
ForthatlastOnset—whentheKing
Bewitnessed—intheRoom—
(2)
IwilledmyKeepsakes—Signedaway
Whatportionofmebe
Assignable—andthenitwas
ThereinterposedaFly—
WithBlue—uncertainstumblingBuzz—
Betweenthelight—andme—
AndthentheWindowsfailed—andthen(3)
Icouldnotseetosee—
我听到苍蝇的嗡嗡声——当我死时
房间里,一片沉寂
就像空气突然平静下来——
在风暴的间隙
注视我的眼睛——泪水已经流尽—
我的呼吸正渐渐变紧
等待最后的时刻——上帝在房间里
现身的时刻——降临
我已经分掉了——关于我的
所有可以分掉的
东西——然后我就看见了
一只苍蝇——
蓝色的——微妙起伏的嗡嗡声
在我——和光——之间
然后窗户关闭——然后
我眼前漆黑一片——
Dickinsonusesthistechniquetobuildtension;
asenseoftruecompletioncomesonlywiththespeaker'
sdeath.Theuncertaintyoftheflycouldbesymbolicofthespeaker'
sownunsurefeelingsaboutdeath.
EdwinArlingtonRobinson埃德温·
阿林顿·
罗宾逊
TheHouseontheHill山上的老屋
Theyareallgoneaway,他们都已离去,
TheHouseisshutandstill,只留下大门紧闭的老屋,
Thereisnothingmoretosay.冷冷清清,默默无语。
Throughbrokenwallsandgray断壁灰暗,往日的旧居,
Thewindsblowbleakandshrill:
凄厉的寒风吹拂,
Theyareallgoneaway.他们都已离去。
Noristhereoneto-day人迹渺茫,满目空虚,
Tospeakthemgoodorill:
谁来把陈年是非讲述,
Whyisitthenwestray我们为何踏着蹒跚的步履,
Aroundthesunkensill?
围绕破败的门窗徘徊盼顾?
Theyareallgoneaway,他们都已离去。
Andourpoorfancy-play那梦幻般的嬉戏欢娱,
Forthemiswastedskill:
太过久远,太过模糊,
Thereisruinanddecay眼前唯有废墟,
IntheHouseontheHill:
山上的这间老屋:
Onasymboliclevel,Iamsuretherecanbemanyinterpretations(and,perhaps,mostareequallytrue,regardlessofthepoet'
soriginalintent).Thehousemayrepresentaperson;
itslocationonahillcanrepresentbothisolationandsuperiority.Thehousebeingaboveitssurroundingsmaysuggesta"
true"
superiority,butitmayalsosimpl