考研英语二新题型大纲样题Word文档格式.docx

考研英语二新题型大纲样题Word文档格式.docx

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therightcolumn.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Theworldeconomyhasrunintoabrickwall.Despitecountlesswarningsinrecentyearsabouttheneedtoaddressaloominghungercrisisinpoorcountriesandloomingenergycrisisworldwide,worldleadersfailedtothinkahead.Theresultisaglobalfoodcrisis.Wheat,cornandricepriceshavemorethandoubledinthepasttwoyears,andoilpriceshavemorethantripledsincethestartof2004.Thesefood-priceincreasescombinedwithsoaringenergycostswillslowifnotstopeconomicgrowthinmanypartsoftheworldandwillevenunderminepoliticalstability,asevidencedbytheprotestriotsthathaveeruptedinplaceslikeHaiti,BangladeshandBurkinaFaso.Practicalsolutionstothesegrowingwoesdoexist,butwe’llhavetostartthinkingaheadandactingglobally.

Thecrisishasitsrootsinfourinterlinkedtrends.Thefirstisthechronicallylowproductivityoffarmersinthepoorestcountries,causedbytheirinabilitytopayforseeds,fertilizersandirrigation.ThesecondisthemisguidedpolicyintheU.S.andEuropeofsubsidizingthediversionoffoodcropstoproducebiofuelslikecorn-basedethanol.Thethirdisclimatechange;

taketherecentdroughtsinAustraliaandEurope,whichcuttheglobalproductionofgrainin2005and2006.Thefourthisthegrowingglobaldemandforfoodandfeedgrainsbroughtonbyswellingpopulationsandincomes.Inshort,risingdemandhashitalimitedsupply,withthepoortakingthehardestblow.

So,whatshouldbedone?

Herearethreestepstoeasethecurrentcrisisandavertthepotential

foraglobaldisaster.Thefirstistoscale-upthedramaticsuccessofMalawi,afamine-pronecountryinsouthernAfrica,whichthreeyearsagoestablishedaspecialfundtohelpitsfarmersgetfertilizerandhigh-yieldseeds.Malawi’sharvestdoubledafterjustoneyear.AninternationalfundbasedontheMalawimodelwouldcostamere$10perpersonannuallyintherichworld,or$10billioninall.SuchafundcouldfighthungeraseffectivelyastheGlobalFundtoFightAIDS,TBandMalariaiscontrollingthosediseases.

Second,theU.S.andEuropeshouldabandontheirpoliciesofsubsidizingtheconversionof

foodintobiofuels.TheU.S.governmentgivesfarmersataxpayer-financedsubsidyof51centsper

galofethanoltodivertcornfromthefoodandfeed-grainsupply.Theremaybeacaseforbiofuels

producedonlandsthatdonotproducefoods􀃼

treecrops（likepalmoil）,grassesandwoodproducts

butthere’snocasefordolingoutsubsidiestoputtheworld’scropsassoonandaseffectivelyaspossible.Forapoorfarmer,sometimessomethingassimpleasafarmpond􀃼

whichcollectsrainwatertobeusedforemergencyirrigationinadryspell􀃼

canmakethedifferencebetweenabountifulcropandafamine.TheworldhasalreadycommittedtoestablishingaClimateAdaptationFundtohelppoorregionsclimate-proofvitaleconomicactivitiessuchasfoodproductionandhealthcarebuthasnotyetacteduponthepromise.

[A]poorcountries

41.Anti-hungercampaignsaresuccessfulin[B]alltheworld

42.Productionofbiofuelsaresubsidizedin[C]theClimateAdaptationFund

43.Protestriotsoccurredin[D]theGlobalFundtoFightAIDS,TBand

Malaria

44.Theeffortswerenotsosuccessfulwith[E]Bangladesh

45.Foodshortagebecomesmoreseriousin[F]Malawi

[G]theU.S.andEurope

Sample

（2）小标题对应

Readthefollowingtextandanswerquestionsbyfindingasubtitleforeachofthemarkedpartsor

paragraphs.Therearetwoextraitemsinthesubtitles.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

（10points）

[A]FollowOnlines

[B]Whisper:

KeepIttoYourself

[C]WordofExperience:

SticktoIt

[D]CodeofSuccess:

FreedandTargeted

[E]EfficientWorktoPromoteEfficientWorkers

[F]Recipe:

SimplicityMeansEverything

[G]EfficiencyComesfromOrder

Everydecadehasitsdefiningself-helpbusinessbook.Inthe1940sitwasHowtoWin

FriendsandInfluencePeople,inthe1990sTheSevenHabitsofHighlySuccessfulPeople.These

dayswe’reworriedaboutsomethingmuchsimpler:

GettingThingsDone.

41._________________________________

That’sthetitleofproductivityguruDavidAllen’pithy2001treatiseonworkingefficiently,

whichcontinuestoresonateinthisdecade’soverworked,overwhelmed,overtechedworkplace.Allenhasn’tjustsold500,000copiesofhisbook.Hehaspreachedhismessageoffocus,disciplineandcreativityeverywherefromSonyandNovartistotheWorldBankandtheU.S.AirForce.Hecounselsswampedchiefexecutivesoncopingwithinformationoverload.Heministerstosomeclientswithanintensive,two-day,$6,000privatesessioninwhichheandhisteamorganizetheirlivesfromtoptobottom.AndhehaswonthedevotionofacolyteswhodocumentontheirblogshowhisGettingThingsDone（GTD）programhaschangedtheirlives.

42._________________________________

Allenadmitsthatmuchofhisbasicrecipeiscommonsense.Freeyourmind,andproductivitywillfollow.Breakdownprojectsandgoalsintodiscrete,definableactions,andyouwon’bebotheredbyallthoseloosethreadspullingatyourattention.Firstmakedecisionsaboutwhatneedstogetdone,andthenfashionaplanfordoingit.Ifyou’vecatalogedeverythingyouhavetodoandallyourlong-termgoals,Allensays,you’relesslikelytowakeupat3a.m.worryingaboutwhetheryou’veforgottensomething:

“Mostpeoplehaven’trealizedhowoutofcontroltheirheadiswhentheyget300e-mailsadayandeachofthemhaspotentialmeaning.”43.

Whene-mails,phonecallsandto-dolistsaretrulyundercontrol,Allensays,therealchange

begins.Youwillfinallybeabletouseyourmindtodreamupgreatideasandenjoyyourliferather

thanjustoccupyitwithallthethingsyou’vegottodo.Allenhimself,despiterunninga$5.5

millionconsultingpractice,traveling200daysayearandjugglingabusinessthat’sgrowing40%

everyyear,findstimetojoyrideinhisMiniCooperandsculptbonsaiplants.Oh,andhehasearnedhisblackbeltinkarate.

44._________________________________

Fewcompanieshaveembraced‘Allen’sphilosophyasthoroughlyasGeneralMills,theMinnesota-basedmakerofCheeriosandLuckyCharms.Allenbeganatthecompanywithacoupleofprivatecoachingsessionsfortopexecutives,whoravedabouthisguidance.Allenandhisstaffnowholdsixtoeighttwo-daytrainingsessionsayear.Thecompanyhasalreadyputmorethan2,000employeesthroughGTDtrainingandplanstoexpanditcompany-wide.“Fadscomeandgo,”saysKevinWilde,GeneralMills’CEO,“butthiscontinuestowork.”

45._________________________________

ThemostfeveredfollowersofAllen’sorganizationalmethodologygatheronline.Websiteslikegtdindex,marvelz.comparseAllen’severyutterance.The43Foldersblogrananeight-partpod-castinterviewwithhim.GTDenthusiastslikeFrankMeeuwsen,onwhatsthenextaction.comgatherbestpracticetechniquesforimplementingthebook’sideas.Morethan60softwaretoolshavebeenbuiltspecificallytosupplementAllen’ssystem.

Sample（3）正误判断

Readthefollowingtextandanswerquestionsbydecidingeachofthestatementsafterthetextis

TrueorFalse.ChooseTifthestatementistrueorFifthestatementisnottrue.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

ATreeProjectHelpstheGenesofChampionsLiveOn

Asaneaglewheelsoverheadagainstacrystallinebluesky,MartinFlanaganwalkstowarda

groveoftoweringcottonwoodtreesbesidetheYellowstoneRiver,whichisthecolorofchocolate

milkduetothespringrain.

AsMr.Flanaganleavestheglaringsunoftheprairieandenterstheshadygrove,hiseyessearchforaspecifictree.Ashereachesanarrow-leafcottonwood,atoweringgiant,hecraneshis

necktolookatthetop,“ThisistheoneIplantonominateforstatechampion,”hesays,pettingthebarkwithhishand.“It’sabeauty,isn’t?

”

WhenEuropeansfirstcametoNorthAmerica,oneofthelargestprimevalforestsintheworldcoveredmuchofthecontinent.ExpertssayasquirrelcouldhavetraveledfromtheAtlanticcoasttotheMississippiRiverwithouttouchingtheground.Butonlyabout3percentofAmerica’snativeold-growthforestremains,andmanyofthetreestheyholdarethosethatwerenotbigenoughtoattractalogger’seye.Theresultisagenerationoftreesthatbarelyresemblethenativeforeststhatoncecoveredthecountry.

Thatmakesomescientistssuspectthatthesurvivingforestshavelostmuchoftheirgeneticquality,themolecularmusclethatmadethemdominatethelandscape.Whentheloggerssweptthrough,thesescientistssay,onlypoorspecimenswerelefttoreproduce.Otherresearcherswonderwhetherenvironmentalfactorsorjustplainluckmayexplainagoodpartofthesupertrees’success.

Toanswerthosequestions,themightiesttreesoftheirtypes,orgeneticallyidenticaloffspring,mustbepreservedforstudy,andthatiswhatisbeingdonebyahandfulofenthusiasts,includingMr.FlanaganandDavidMilarch,anurserymanfromCopemish,Michigan.Theyaresearchingoutthelargesttreeofeachspeciesandtakingcuttingsofnewgrowthtomakecopiesofgeneticclonesofthegiants.Withtissuecultureandgrafting,theyhavereproduced52ofthe827livinggiantsandareplantingtheoffspringinwhattheycall“livinglibraries.”Morethan20,000offspringhavebeenplanted.

TheworkispartoftheChampionTreeProject,whichbegani