外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案Word下载.docx
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Whilealltheparticipantsexperiencedadropincognitiveabilityat4,00meters,thosewhotookoxiracetamshowedamuchsmallerdropthanthecontrolgroup.
Theteamfoundthatathighaltitudethebrainstem,whichplaysacriticalroleinsupportingbasiclivingfunctions,receivedbloodattheexpenseofareasresponsibleformoreadvancedcognitivefunctions.Butinpeoplewhotookoxiracetam,bloodflowingthroughoutthebrainrose,thusofferingmoreoxygentotheseareas.Thismaybehowthedrugseemstolessencognitiveproblemslikewithlowoxygen.
Itisn'
tyetknownwhetherdivertingbloodinthiswaycouldhavenegativeeffectsinthelongrun."
Theresultsarestrikingandimplythatoxiracetammaybebeneficialforhelpingtorelievecognitiveabilitydeclinecausedbyaltitude."
saysTimothyHalesattheUniversityofDundee,UK.
1.Theunderlinedword“acclimatize”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.adaptB.ignore
C.existD.relax
2.WhatdoestheexperimentdoneinChinaindicate?
A.Thehigheraltitudeyouareat,thesloweryourbrainwillbe.
B.At4,000meters,thetwosubjectgroupsshowlittledifference.
C.Memorytestsarebeneficialtorelievingattentiondifficulties.
D.“Smartdrug"
largelyreducesnegativeeffectsofaltitudesickness.
3.Accordingtothepassage,therootcauseofthecognitiveeffectsliesin______.
A.physicaltirednessB.lowoxygencontent
C.cognitivetrainingD.extremehighaltitude
4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.FightHighAnxietyB.Oxiacetam-AMagicDrug
C.KeepSharpatAltitudeD.ProblemsonHigh-altitudeSites
We’veallbeenthere:
inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.
What’stheproblem?
It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.
Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’t
evenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."
Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;
theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."
Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.
5.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?
A.Addictiontosmartphones.
B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.
C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.
D.Impatiencewithslowservice.
6.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?
A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.
C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.
7.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?
A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople’sconfidence.
C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.
8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalk
C.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence
WelcometoUniversityofWaikato.Ourmissionistocreateawelcomingenvironmentinwhichresidentsfeelcomfortable,safeandasenseofbelonging.
StudentVillageandWaikatoApartments
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StudentVillageandWaikatoApartments.
StudentVillageconsistsoffifteenindependentunits.Eachcontainsfivebedrooms,toiletfacilities,andasharedkitchenwithafridgeandcupboard.ThereisalsoagamesroomandaTVroom.
WaikatoApartmentsaresituatedinathree-levelapartmentbuilding.Eachlevelhasfourapartmentscontainingsixbedrooms,toiletfacilities,andakitchen.EachlevelhasasharedareawithaTV,astudydeskandeasychairs.
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Housekeepingstaffserviceallsharedareas.Residentsareresponsibleforkeepingtheirrooms,kitchensandshowerroomscleanandtidy.
Maintenancestaffensurenecessaryrepairstofacilitiesaremade.Ifyourroomorothersharedareaneedsmaintenance,pleaseinformtheAccommodationOffice.Maintenancestaffmayberequiredtoenteryourroomtotendtoamaintenancerequest—thiswillbeprearranged.
Termination(终止)ofResidenceandCheckingOut
Youarerequiredtopayaccommodationfeesforthefullperiodoftheresidencycontract.Attheendofyourcontractyoumustarrangeatimewiththeofficestafftocheckout.Aroominspectionwilltakeplaceandyouwillberesponsibleforpaymentforanydamageormissingitems.Ifyoufailtocheckoutinthismanner,thestaffwillholdaninspectioninyourabsenceandassesswhetheranypaymentisrequired.
9.WhatfacilitiesareavailableinbothStudentVillageandWaikatoApartments?
A.KitchenandTV.
B.Studydeskandfridge.
C.Cupboardandstudyroom.
D.Gamesroomandtoiletfacilities.
10.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoususpectthatsomeoneisdestroyingschoolfacilities?
A.Reporttotheinsurancecompany.
B.ContactCampusSecurity.
C.Informtheassistantteacher.
D.CallWaikatoAccommodationServices.
11.Theresponsibilityofthemaintenancestaffincludes.
A.makingplansforAccommodationOffice
B.monitoringtheseofkitchenfacilities
C.fixingabrokenwindow
D.cleaningshowerrooms
12.Ifyoucan’tcheckoutintherequiredway,thestaffwill.
A.askyoutopayhigheraccommodationfees
B.assesswhetheraninspectionisnecessary
C.stillcarryouttheroominspection
D.waituntilyoucanarrangeatime
13.Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?
A.Atechnicalinstructionbook.
B.Auniversitynewspaper.
C.Aresidencycontract.
D.Astudentguide.
Mostpeopleknowsomethingaboutthegreenhouseeffect.Factoriessendgassessuchascarbondioxide,orCO2,intotheatmosphere,theairaroundtheearth.Inthepast,thiswasn’taproblembecausetreesabsorbedtheCO2.Butnowpeopleinmanycountriesarecuttingdownbillionsoftreesallaroundtheworld.Atthesametime,factoriesaresendingmoreCO2intotheatmosphere.It’sdifficulttobelieve,butfactoriesputbillionsoftonsofCO2intotheatmosphereeveryyear.Onetonisover2000pounds,soitisalotofpollution.ThereistoomuchCO2andtherearen’tenoughtrees,sotheworldisgettingwarmer.Inotherwords,wehaveagreenhouseeffect.Thisisterriblefortheenvironment.
Whatcanwedoaboutthis?
Firstswecanstopusingsomuchcoalandoil.Wecanlearntousedifferentkindsofenergy:
thesun,wind,steamfromvolcanoes,andheatfrominsidetheearth.Second,insteadofcuttingdowntrees,weshouldplantmoretrees.Onetreecanabsorbtenpoundsofcarbondioxideeveryyear.
Thetreesaregoodfortheearth’satmosphereandforGuatemala(拉丁美洲国家危地马拉).InsmalltownsandvillagesinGuatemala,mostwomenarepoorandhavehardlives.Treeshelptheminthreeways.First,theConnecticutfactoriespaythemtoplantthetrees.Theirpayiscom,notmoney.Thecomisgoodfortheirchildren.Second,thesewomenknowalotabouttheirenvironment.Theyknowwheretoplantwhentoplant,andwhatkindsoftreestoplant.Forexample,theyplantmanyfruittrees.Thefruitgivesthemvitaminsfort