七年级英语下册第十一单元重点短语语法归纳练习人教新目标版Word下载.docx

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七年级英语下册第十一单元重点短语语法归纳练习人教新目标版Word下载.docx

第二部分【重点语法】

一、一般过去时

1.定义

一般过去时表示过去某个时间或一段时间内发生的动作或状态;

也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

e.g.

Igotupat7:

00yesterday.我昨天7点起床。

Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweek.我上周看望了我的祖父母。

Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.去年他总是乘公交车去上班。

Shewenttothecinemaonceamonthwhenshewasatschool.她上学时每个月去看一场电影。

2.时间标志词

1)yesterday或以其构成的短语yesterdaymorning,yesterdayafternoon,thedaybeforeyesterday

2)“时间段+ago”amomentago,twodaysago

3)“last+时间名词”lastnight/year/week,

4)in1999,inthepast,atthattime,justnow等

3.一般现在时的结构及句型变化

结构:

一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式:

(1)谓语动词为be动词时

肯定句:

主语+was/were+其它.

否定句:

主语+was/were+not+其它(wasnot=wasn’twerenot=weren’t)

一般疑问句:

was/were+主语+其它

e.g.

Iwaslateyesterday.TheywereinChinalastyear.

Iwasnotlateyesterday.Theyweren’tinChinalastyear.

Wereyoulateyesterday?

WeretheyinChinalastyear?

肯定回答:

Yes,Iwas.Yes,theywere.

否定回答:

No,Iwasn'

t.No,theyweren’t

缩写形式:

wasnot=wasn’t;

werenot=;

【注意】shewas可以缩写吗?

Theywere可以缩写吗?

(2)谓语动词为实义动词时

主语+动词过去式+其它.LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.

主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它.LiMingdidn'

tstudyEnglishthismorning.

Did+主语+动词原形+其它.DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?

Yes,hedid.

No,hedidn'

t.

【注意】1.谓语动词为实义动词时,变否定句和一般疑问句都找助动词did来帮忙(过去时不分人称和单复数,都是加did或didnot)

2.前面出现了助动词,后面的动词一律用原形。

(还原)

3.变一般疑问句时,一问一答的关系当中,第一人称和第二人称要互换。

【练习】改写句子

1、Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.

否定句:

___________________________________________

一般疑问句:

_______________________________________

_________________________________________

2Theyplayedfootballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.

__________________________________________

______________________________________

________________________________________

【了解】谓语动词为情态动词时:

(情态动词can,may,haveto等等。

主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它

Theoldmancouldswim30yearsago.

主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它

Theoldmancouldn’tswim30yearsago.

情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它

Couldtheoldmanswim30yearsago?

肯定回答:

Yes,hecould.

否定回答:

No,hecouldn’t.

常用情态动词过去式如下:

can—couldmay―mightshall―shouldwill―would

5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句:

◆特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?

WhatdidJimdoyesterday?

◆特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?

Whowasyoursister?

练习:

对划线部分提问

1.Mymotherdidherhouseworkathomelastnight.

didyourmotherdoherhouseworklastnight?

2.TheyplayedPing-PongwithTom.

didtheyplayPing-Pongwith?

6、动词的过去式

动词过去式构成:

分为规则动词和不规则动词。

1规则动词:

构成规则

例词

一般情况下在动词原形末尾加-ed

help----helped

talk---talked

结尾是e的动词加-d

live---lived

arrive---arrived

hope---hoped

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个字母,再加-ed

Stop-stopped

Plan---planned

结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”,再加-ed.

Study---studied

Carry---carried

Worry---worried

2:

不规则动词:

详见课本P141“不规则动词表”

go---wenttake----tookride----rodefeed----fedsee---saw

grow---grewhave/has---hadget---gotcome---camethink---thought

eat----atefly-flew

【注意】一些动词的过去式跟原形一样:

比如:

put---putcut----cutlet---letread---read等

【课堂练习】

一、写出下列动词的过去式

1.look

2.live

3.stop

4.carry

5.hope

6.trip

7.call

8.finish

9.want

10.are

11.go

12.have

13.do

14.get

e

16.say

17.see

18.put

19.eat

20.take

21.read

 

二、用适当形式填空。

1.They____(be) 

on 

the 

farm 

moment 

ago.

2.There____(be) 

ata 

shop 

not 

long 

3.Jenny____(not 

go) 

to 

bed 

until 

11:

00 

o'

clock 

last 

night.

4.Danny 

_____(read 

) 

English 

five 

minutes 

ago.

5.I 

_____(see) 

Li 

Lei 

go 

out 

just 

now.

6.He 

____(do) 

his 

homework 

every 

day.

7.When 

was 

young, 

____(play) 

games 

with 

my 

friends.

8.When 

____you_____(write) 

this 

book?

I_____it 

year.

9.Did 

he____(have) 

lunch 

at 

home?

10.I 

_____(eat) 

bread, 

'

full 

now.

【答案】were;

were;

didn’tgo;

read;

saw;

did;

played;

didwritewrote;

have;

ate

【综合练习】

一、单项选择:

1. 

She 

lived 

there 

before 

he 

____ 

China

A. 

came 

B. 

comes 

C. 

come 

D. 

coming

2. 

When 

did 

you 

____here?

A.got 

reached 

C. 

arrived 

in 

 

reach

3.JohnandItovisithisgrandparentslastSundayafternoon.(重2017B)

A.goB.wentC.willgoD.goes

4.-Whydidn’tyoubuyanybread?

(重2015B)

-Sorry,I.

A.forgotB.forgetC.rememberD.remembered

二、完成句子

1.Theydidn’tarriveontimebecausetheygotuplate.对划线部分提问(重2017A)

____________theyarriveontime?

2.ThegirlboughtlotsofclothesonthedayofDouble11lastyear.对划线部分提问(重2016B)

____________thegirldoonthedayofDouble11lastyear?

3.LinLicookedforherparentsonSundays.对划线部分提问

LinLiforherparents?

【答案】ADBA;

Whydid;

Whatdid;

Whendidcook

二、重点句型短语

1.Didyoulearnanything?

“你学到了什么东西?

anything“一些,某些”,常用于否定句及疑问句。

e.g.Isthereanythingtoeatinyourhouse?

Thereisn’tanythinginmybag.

[注意]

1)anything后面有形容词修饰时,形容词只能放后面:

anythinginteresting

2)anything也可用于肯定句,常译为“任何事物,任何东西”

【拓展】---复合不定代词

(1)分类-完成表格

some

any

no

every

thing

one

body

(2)考点及用法

①由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

EveryoneinChinalikestheSpringFestival.在中国,人人都喜欢春节。

Everythingisready.(be)一切都准备好了.

②some系列的词项是肯定词,主要用于肯定句;

any系列的词项是非肯定词,主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中。

它们都既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。

Thereissomethingwrongwithher.→Thereisn’tanythingwrongwithher.

Thereisn'

tanyoneintheclassroom.教室里没有人。

Isthereanymeatinthekitchen?

厨房里还有肉吗?

Ihavesomethingtotellyou.变为否定句:

【答案】Idon’thaveanythingtotellyou./Ihavenothingtotellyou.

【注意】

在Wouldyou/Couldyou……?

之类的表达请求许可问句中用some,不用any。

(特殊情况:

表达委婉语气时)

--Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

--Yes,I’dliketo.Somebeef,please.

③形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词时,通常放在不定代词的后面。

Pleaseshowmesomethinggreat.nothinginteresting

CanIhavesomethingtoeat?

[练习]

1.I’mhungry.Iwant______toeat.

A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing

2.-Doyouhave______tosayforyourself?

-No,Ihave______tosay.

A.something;

everythingB.nothing;

somethingC.everything;

anythingD.anything;

nothing

3.Everything______ready.Wecanstartnow.

A.areB.isC.beD.were

4.There’s______withhiseyes.He’sOK.

A.anythingwrongB.wrongsomethingC.nothingwrongD.wrongnothing

【答案】BDBC

2.Howwasyourtriplastweek?

本句回答常用:

Itwasgreat/good/OK/excellent/wonderful.或者Itwasn'

tgood.等

【句型结构】How+be+主语?

=What+be+主语+like?

“……怎么样”

e.g.Howwasyourschooltrip?

=Whatwasyourschooltriplike?

[翻译]-你的寒假怎么样?

Howwasyourwintervacation?

?

3.worry动词,过去式:

worried;

“担心,担忧”

Nothingworriesme.没有什么让我担心.

1worry+that从句(that可省略).

e.g.Weworrieditwouldrain.“我们担心会下雨”

[翻译]Tom担心没人喜欢他的工作。

Tomthatwilllikehisjob.worries;

nobody

2重点短语:

Worryaboutsb/sth.=beworriedaboutsb./sth.担心某人/某事

e.g.Don'

tworryaboutme.不要担心我。

Mybestfriendisworriedaboutme.我好朋友担心着我。

[翻译]

1)家长们担心孩子们的健康。

2)我爸担心我的英语学习。

【答案】Parentsworryaboutchildren’shealth./MyfatherworriesaboutmyEnglish.

4.fastadj.形容词,“快的”

e.g.Thetrainissofast.=Thetrainissoquick.=Thisisafasttrain.

adv.副词,“快地”;

=quickly

例句:

Thetraingoessofast/quickly.

[反义词]

slow形容词,“缓慢的”

slowly副词,“缓慢地”

【练习】

Duringtherace,therabbitruns,buttheturtle(乌龟)runs.

【答案】fast/quickly;

slowly

5.teachsb.sth.教某人某事。

TeachmeEnglish.

teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事。

Mydadtaughtmetodothecleaning.

teachhowtodosth.“教怎样做某事”。

Sheteachesmehowtomakezongzi.

【拓展】宾语从句里,当从句主语与主句所表达的sb.一致,可将从句转变为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

例句:

Theguidetaughtushowtomakeamodelrobot.

=Theguidetaughtushowwecanmakeamodelrobot.

Katedoesn'

tknowwhatsheshoulddo.

=Katedoesn'

tknowwhattodo.

第三部分【课堂练习】

I.单项选择

1.-Wherehegoonvacation?

-Hewenttothemountains.

A.isB.doesC.doesD.did

2.Iamlookingforabirthdaygiftformymother,ButIdidn'

tfindgoodinthemarket.

Thisisnotgood,either.Canyoushowmeone?

A.anything;

anotherB.something;

another

C.something;

theotherD.anything;

other

3-Hey!

Howweretheassistantsinthestore?

-veryfriendly.

A.TheyareB.TheywereC.TheydidD.Theydo

4._________there__________muttonandvegetablesinthenoodles?

A.Is;

anyB.Is;

someC.Are;

anyD.Are;

some

5.Whenhe________young,he________agoodchild.

A.is;

isB.was;

wasC.is;

wasD.were;

was

6.Wehadgreatfuninthebeach.

A.toplayB.playingC.playD.played

7.—________didyoudo?

—Iwenttothesupermarkettobuysomething.

A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.How

8.-Didyourparentssleeplateonweekends?

-.

A.Yes,theydidB.No,theydon’tC.Yes,theywere.D.No,theydid.

9.-How 

yourvacation?

-Itwasgreat!

A.isB.didC.willbeD.was

10.Martinisinterestedin 

Chinese.HewantstocometoChinasomeday.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learns

11.---HaveyoueverreadthebookHarryPotter?

---Yes,andIthinkit'

svery.Iwanttoreaditagain.

A.boringB.excitingC.boredD.excited

12.LastSundayevening,wemyaunt.Shemeatforus.

A

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