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计算机科学与技术（数控方向）

班级

5233202

学号

姓名

雍建华

指导教师

李铁刚

负责教师

沈阳航空工业学院

2007年6月

NCTechnology

1、ResearchcurrentsituationofNClatheinourtimes

（1）、Paymoreattentiontonewtechnologyandinnovation

Worldwide,arelaunchingthenewcraft,newmaterial,newstructure,newunit,researchanddevelopmentofthenewcomponentinamorecost-effectivemanner,developmentalresearchofforinstancenewcuttermaterial,thenewelectricmainshaftofmainshaftstructure,highspeed,high-speedstraightlineelectricalmachinery,etc..Regardinnovatinginimprovementoftheprocessingtechnologyasthefoundation,forprocessultraandharddifficulttocutmaterialandspecialcompositeandcomplicatedpart,irregularcurvedsurface,etc.researchanddevelopnewlathevarietyconstantly.

（2）、Improvetheprecisionandresearchofmachinetooling

Inordertoimprovethemachiningaccuracyofthemachiningcenter,areimprovingrigidityofthelathe,reductionvibrationconstantly,dispelhotlyandoutofshape,reducethenoise,improvetheprecisionoflocalizationofNClathe,repeatprecision,workingdependability,stability,precisionkeeping,worldalotofcountrycarryonlathehoterror,lathesportandloadoutofshapesoftwareoferrorcompensatetechnicalresearch,takeprecisioncompensate,softwarecompensatemeasureimprove,somemaymakethiskindoferrordispel60%already.Andisdevelopingretrofitconstantly,nanometerisbeingprocessed.

（3）、Improvetheresearchofthemachinetoolingproductivity

WorldNClathe,machiningcenterandcorrespondingsomedevelopmentofmainshaft,electricalmachineryofstraightline,measuringsystem,NCsystemofhighspeed,undertheprerequisiteofboostingproductivity.

（4）、Whatalotofcountrieshavealreadybeguntothenumericalcontrolsystemmeltintelligently,openly,studynetworkedly

A、elligentresearchofthenumericalcontrolsystem

Mainlyshowinginthefollowingaspects:

Itisintelligentinordertopursuetheefficiencyofprocessingandprocessquality,theself-adaptationtotheprocessingcourseiscontrolled,thecraftparameterproducesresearchautomatically;

Jointheconvenientoneinordertoimprovetheperformanceofurginganduseintelligently,tothefeedbackcontrol,adaptiveoperation,discerningautomaticallyloadselectsmodelsautomatically,sincecarriesonresearchwholedefinitely,etc.oftheelectricalmachineryparameter;

Therearesuchresearchoftherespectasintelligentautomaticprogramming,intelligentman-machineinterface,intelligencediagnosing,intelligentmonitoring,etc..

B、Thenumericalcontrolsystemmeltsandstudiesopen

Thedevelopmentofthenumericalcontrolsystemisonunifiedoperationplatform,facethelatheproducerandsupportfinally,throughchanging,increasingorcuttingoutthestructuretarget（numericalcontroltarget）,formtheseriation,andcanuseusersspeciallyconvenientlyandthetechnicalknow-howisintegratedinthecontrolsystem,realizetheopennumericalcontrolsystemofdifferentvariety,differentgradefast,formleadingbrandproductswithdistinctdistinction.Systemstructurenormoftheopennumericalcontrolsystematpresent,norm,disposingthenorm,operationplatform,numericalcontrolsystematicfunctionstorehouseandnumericalcontrolsystematicfunctionsoftwaredevelopinginstrument,etc.arethecoreofpresentresearchtopassthrough.

C、Meetingthemanufacturesystemoftheproductionline,demandfortheinformationintegrationofthemanufacturingcompanynetworkedlygreatlyofnumericalcontrolequipment,itisabasicunitofrealizingthenewmanufacturemodetoo.

2、Classificationofthemachiningcenter

（1）Processaccordingtomainshaftspacepositionwhenitclassifiestobeasfollows,horizontalandverticalmachiningcenter.

Horizontalmachiningcenter,refertothemachiningcenterthattheaxislevelofthemainshaftissetup.Horizontalmachiningcenterfor3-5sportcoordinateaxis,acommononethreerectilinearmotioncoordinateaxisandoneturnthecoordinateaxisofsportsround（turntheworkingbenchround）,itcanoneisitisitfinishother4Taxiprocessingbesidesinstallingsurfacesandtopsurfacestoinserttoinstallinworkpiece,mostsuitableforprocessingthecasebodyworkpiece.Comparedwithstrengthtypemachiningcenterit,thestructureiscomplicated,thefloorspaceislarge,qualityislarge,thepriceishigh.

Verticalmachiningcenter,theaxisofthemainshaftoftheverticalmachiningcenter,inordertosetupvertically,itsstructureismostlytheregularposttype,theworkingbenchissuitableforprocessingpartsfortheslipperyoneofcross,have3rectilinearmotioncoordinateaxisgenerally,canfindaroomforonehorizontalnumericalcontrolrevolvingstage（the4thaxle）ofaxleprocessthespiralpartatworkingbench.Theverticalmachiningcenterisofsimplestructure,thefloorspaceissmall,thepriceislow,afterallocatingvariouskindsofenclosures,cancarryontheprocessingofmostworkpieces.

Large-scalegantrymachiningcenter,themainshaftsaremostlysetupvertically,isespeciallyusedinthelarge-scaleorwithcomplicatedformworkpiece,isitspendthemanycoordinategantrymachiningcentertoneedlikeaviation,aerospaceindustry,someprocessingofpartoflarge-scalesteamturbine.

Fivemachiningcenters,thiskindofmachiningcenterhasfunctionoftheverticalandhorizontalmachiningcenter,oneisitafterinserting,canfinishallfiveTaxiprocessingbesidesinstallingthesurfacetoinstallinworkpiece,theprocessingwaycanmakeformofworkpieceerrorlowest,save2timesinstallandinsertworking,thusimproveproductionefficiency,reducetheprocesscost.

（2）Classifybycraftuse

Isitmillmachiningcentertobore,isitmillforverticaldoorframemachiningcenter,horizontaldoorframemillthemachiningcenterandLongmendoorframemillthemachiningcentertodivideinto.Processingtechnologyitsrelymainlyonthefactthatthedoorframeismilled,usedincasebody,shellandvariouskindsofcomplicatedpartspecialcurveandlargeprocesses,curvedsurfaceofoutlineprocess,suitableformanyvarietiestoproduceinbatchessmall.

Complexmachiningcenter,pointfivetimesandcompoundandprocessmainly,themainshaftheadcanbeturnedroundautomatically,stand,lieandprocess,afterthemainshaftisturnedroundautomatically,realizeknowingthatvariesinthehorizontalandverticaldirection.

（3）Classifybyspecialfunction

Singleworkingbench,apairofworkingbenchmachiningcenter;

Singleaxle,dualaxle,threeaxlecanchangemachiningcenter,mainshaftofcase;

Transferverticallytothetowermachiningcenterandtransfer;

Onehundredsheetsofstorehousesaddsthemainshaftandchangesoneonehundredsheetsofmachiningcenters;

Onehundredsheetsofstorehousesconnectsandwriteshandstoaddthemainshaftandchangeonehundredsheetsofmachiningcenters;

Onehundredsheetsofstorehousesaddsthemanipulatorandaddsonepairofmainshaftstotransfertothetowermachiningcenter.

3、Developmenttrendofthecurrentnumericalcontrollathe

Atpresent,theadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyintheworldisrisingconstantly,suchapplicationoftechnologyasultrafastcutting,ultraprecisionprocessing,etc.,therapiddevelopmentoftheflexiblemanufacturingsystemandintegratedsystemofthecomputeroneisconstantandripe,haveputforwardhigherdemandtotheprocesstechnologyofnumericalcontrol.Nowadaysthenumericalcontrollatheisbeingdevelopedinseveralfollowingdirections.

（1）.Thespeedandprecisionatahighspeed,highaccuracyaretwoimportantindexesofthenumericalcontrollathe,itconcernsdirectlythatprocessesefficiencyandproductquality.Atpresent,numericalcontrolsystemadopt-figurenumber,frequencyhighprocessor,inordertoraisebasicoperationspeedofsystem.Meanwhile,adoptthesuperlarge-scaleintegratedcircuitandmanymicroprocessorsstructure,inordertoimprovesystematicdataprocessingability,namelyimproveandinsertthespeedandprecisionofmendingoperation.Adoptthestraightlinemotorandurgethestraightlineofthelatheworkingbenchtobeservotoentertothewaydirectly,itisquitesuperiorthatitsrespondsthecharacteristicatahighspeedanddynamically.Adoptfeedforwardcontroltechnology,makeitlagbehinderrorreducegreatly,thusimprovethemachiningaccuracycutincornernottotrack.

Formeetultrafastdemandthatprocess,numericalcontrollatheadoptmainshaftmotorandlathestructureformthatmainshaftunitetwointoone,realizefrequencyconversionmotorandlathemainshaftintegrate,bearing,mainshaftofelectricalmachineryadoptmagnetismfloatthebearing,liquidsoundpigeonholesuchformsasthebearingortheceramicrollingbearing,etc..Atpresent,ceramiccutteranddiamondcoatingcutterhavealreadybeguntogetapplication.

（2）.Multi-functionaltoisitchangeallkindsofmachiningcentersoforganization（aofcapacityofstorehousecanupto100oftheabove）automaticallytofurnishedwith,canrealizemillingparing,boringandpares,boressuchmanykindsofprocessesasparing,turning,reaming,reaming,attackingwhorl,etc.toprocessatthesametimeonthesamelathe,modernnumericalcontrollatheadoptmanymainshaft,polyhedroncutalso,carryondifferentcuttingofwayprocesstoonedifferentpositionofpartatthesametime.ThenumericalcontrolsystemhasbecauseadoptedmanyCPUstructureandcutsoffthecontrolmethodingrades,canworkoutpartprocessing