考研英语一真题及答案完美打印Word文档下载推荐.docx

考研英语一真题及答案完美打印Word文档下载推荐.docx

《考研英语一真题及答案完美打印Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语一真题及答案完美打印Word文档下载推荐.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

[B]aswellas 

[C]onbehalfof 

[D]withregardto

2.[A]adaptto 

[B]providefor 

[C]competewith 

[D]decideon

3.[A]close 

[B]renew 

[C]arrange 

[D]postpone

4.[A]Intheory 

[B]Aboveall 

[C]Intime 

[D]Forexample

5.[A]Although 

[B]Lest 

[C]After 

[D]Unless

6.[A]into 

[B]within 

[C]from 

[D]through

7.[A]sine 

[B]or 

[C]but 

[D]so

8.[A]test 

[B]copy 

[C]recite 

[D]create

9.[A]folding 

[B]piling 

[C]wrapping 

[D]tying

10.[A]lighting 

[B]passing 

[C]hiding 

[D]serving

11.[A]meeting 

[B]association 

[C]collection 

[D]union

12.[A]grow 

[B]part 

[C]deal 

[D]live

13.[A]whereas 

[B]until 

[C]for 

[D]if

14.[A]obtain 

[B]follow 

[C]challenge 

[D]avoid

15.[A]isolated 

[B]persuaded 

[C]viewed 

[D]exposed

16.[A]wherever 

[B]however 

[C]whenever 

[D]whatever

17.[A]changed 

[B]brought 

[C]shaped 

[D]pushed

18.[A]divided 

[B]invested 

[C]donated 

[D]withdrawn

19.[A]clears 

[B]warms 

[C]shows 

[D]breaks

20.[A]while 

[B]sowhat 

[C]once 

[D]inthat

　[A]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics

　[B]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily

　[C]didn’tstartfilltheShakespeareanage

　[D]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS

27.Accordingtoparagraph2，theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing

　[A]largelyovershadowed

　[B]properlyprotected

　[C]effectivelyreinforced

　[D]graduallydestroyed

28.Whichofthefollowingcanbeofferedfromparagraph3

　[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment

　[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building

　[C]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation

　[D]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence

29.TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsbornes’spreference

　[A]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralarea

　[B]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis

　[C]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure

　[D]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas

30.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorshowhisappreciationof

　[A]thesizeofpopulationinBritain

　[B]theenviableurbanlifestyleinBritain

　[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritain

　[D]thepoliticallifeintoday’sBritain

Text3

　　“Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness”wroteMiltonFriedman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist“Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits.”ButevenifyouacceptFriedman’spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility（CSR）policiesasawasteofshareholders’smoney,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-act.NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompaniesatleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption.

　　ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm.Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.First,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa“signal”thatacompany’sproductsareofhighquality.Second,customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany’sproductsasanindirectmaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps.Andthird,throughamorediffuse“haloeffect”wherebyitsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers.

　　PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree.ArecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerican’sForeignCorruptPracticesAct（FCPA）.Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotconsumeacompany’sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations，theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehaloeffect.

　　Thestudyfoundthat，amongprosecutedfirms，thosewiththemostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties.Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirm’spoliticalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:

Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfines.

　　Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany’srecordinCSR.“Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resultinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingforeignofficials.”saysoneresearcher.

　　ResearchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionathowmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR.Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheycompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlypunishment.

31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman’sstatementaboutCSRwith

　[A]uncertainty

　[B]skepticism

　[C]approval

　[D]tolerance

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby

　[A]guardingitagainstmalpractices

　[B]protectingitfromconsumers

　[C]winningtrustfromconsumers.

　[D]raisingthequalityofitsproducts

33.Theexpression“morelenient”（line2,Para.4）isclosestinmeaningto

　[A]lesscontroversial

　[B]morelasting

　[C]moreeffective

　[D]lesssevere

34.Whenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompany’sCSRrecord

　[A]comesacrossasreliableevidence

　[B]hasanimpactontheirdecision

　[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized

　[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation

35.WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSRaccordingtothelastparagraph?

　[A]Thenecessaryamountofcompaniesspendingonitisunknown

　[B]Companies’financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimated

　[C]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked

　[D]Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry

Text4

　　TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.

　　Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper―printingpresses,deliverytrucks―isn’tjustexpensive;

it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.

　　Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.

　　PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoinghaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”

　　Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasblunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?

“Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.”

　　Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping,”Perettisaid.“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit.WhichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Get