人教版选修7unit 2 Robots P2 教学设计Word文档格式.docx
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Whilegoingoverthetext,trytorecognizethecollocations,treatthemassingleblocksoflanguageandcopythemoutintoyourCollocationBook.
Nowgotopage13.Workinpairstofinishthethreeexercisesin10minutes.
3.Learningaboutthepassivevoice
ACTIVEANDPASSIVETENSESCHART
SIMPLEPRESENTandSIMPLEPAST
Theactiveobjectbecomesthepassivesubject.
am/is/are+
pastparticiple
was/were+pastparticiple
Active:
SimplePresent
Themoviefascinatesme.
ThemovieboresJack.
Themoviesurprisesthem.
Passive:
Iamfascinatedbythemovie.
Jackisboredbythemovie.
Theyaresurprisedbythemovie.
SimplePast
Themovieboredme.
ThemoviefascinatedJack.
Themoviesurprisedthem.
Iwasboredbythemovie.
Jackwasfascinatedbythemovie.
Theyweresurprisedbythemovie.
PRESENTandPASTCONTINUOUS(PROGRESSIVE)
Passiveform:
am/is/are+being+pastparticiple
was/were+being+pastparticiple
PresentContinuous
IamhelpingShannon.
JuneishelpingSuandLing.
Shannonisbeinghelpedbyme.
SuandLingarebeinghelpedbyJune.
PastContinuous
Iwascleaningthebathroom.
Theywerecleaningthebedroom.
Susanwascleaningthekitchenandpatio.
Thebathroomwasbeingcleanedbyme.
Thebedroom
wasbeingcleanedbythem.
ThekitchenandpatiowerebeingcleanedbySusan.
PRESENTPERFECT,PASTPERFECTandFUTUREPERFECT
have/hasbeen+pastparticiple
hadbeen+pastparticiple
PresentPerfect
Ihavemailedthegift.
Jackhasmailedthegifts.
Thegifthasbeenmailedbyme.
ThegiftshavebeenmailedbyJack.
PastPerfect
StevenSpielberghaddirectedthemovie.
PennyMarshallhaddirectedthosemovies.
ThemoviehadbeendirectedbyStevenSpielberg.
ThemovieshadbeendirectedbyPennyMarshall.
FuturePerfect
Johnwillhavefinishedtheprojectnextmonth.
Theywillhavefinishedtheprojectsbeforethen.
Theprojectwillhavebeenfinishedbynextmonth.
Theprojectswillhavebeenfinishedbeforethen.
FUTURETENSES
Passiveforms:
will+be+pastparticiple
is/aregoingtobe+pastparticiple
FuturewithWILL
Iwillmailthegift.
Jackwillmailthegifts.
Thegiftwillbemailedbyme.
ThegiftswillbemailedbyJack.
FuturewithGOINGTO
Iamgoingtomakethecake.
Sueisgoingtomaketwocakes.
Thecakeisgoingtobemadebyme.
TwocakesaregoingtobemadebySue.
PRESENT/FUTUREMODALS
Thepassiveformfollowsthispattern:
modal+be+pastparticiple
WILL/WON'
T(WILLNOT)
SharonwillinviteTomtotheparty.
Sharonwon'
tinviteJefftotheparty.
(SharonwillnotinviteJefftotheparty.)
TomwillbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.
Jeffwon'
tbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.
(JeffwillnotbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.)
CAN/CAN'
T(CANNOT)
Maicanforetellthefuture.
Terrycan'
tforetellthefuture.
(Terrycannotforetellthefuture.)
ThefuturecanbeforetoldbyMai.
Thefuturecan'
tbeforetoldbyTerry.
(ThefuturecannotbeforetoldbyTerry.)
MAY/MAYNOT
HercompanymaygiveKatyaanewoffice.
Thelazystudentsmaynotdothehomework.
MIGHT/MIGHTNOT
HercompanymightgiveKatyaanewoffice.
Thelazystudentsmightnotdothehomework.
Katyamaybegivenanewofficebyhercompany.
Thehomeworkmaynotbedonebythelazystudents.
Katyamightbegivenanewofficebyhercompany.
Thehomeworkmightnotbedonebythelazystudents.
SHOULD/SHOULDN'
T
StudentsshouldmemorizeEnglishverbs.
Childrenshouldn'
tsmokecigarettes.
Englishverbsshouldbememorized
bystudents.
Cigarettesshouldn'
tbesmoked
bychildren.
OUGHTTO
StudentsoughttolearnEnglishverbs.
(negativeoughttoisrarelyused)
Englishverbsoughttobememorizedbystudents.
HADBETTER/HADBETTERNOT
StudentshadbetterpracticeEnglisheveryday.
Childrenhadbetternotdrinkwhiskey.
Englishhadbetterbepracticedeverydaybystudents.
Whiskeyhadbetternotbedrunkbychildren.
MUST/MUSTNOT
Touristsmustapplyforapassporttotravelabroad.
Customersmustnotusethatdoor.
Apassporttotravelabroadmustbeappliedfor.
Thatdoormustnotbeusedbycustomers.
HASTO/HAVETO
ShehastopracticeEnglisheveryday.
SaraandMihohavetowashthedisheseveryday.
DOESN'
THAVETO/DON'
THAVETO
Mariadoesn'
thavetocleanherbedroomeveryday.
Thechildrendon'
thavetocleantheirbedroomseveryday.
Englishhastobepracticedeveryday.
Thedisheshavetobewashedbythemeveryday.
Herbedroomdoesn'
thavetobecleanedeveryday.
Theirbedroomsdon'
thavetobecleanedeveryday.
BESUPPOSEDTO
Iamsupposedtotypethecomposition.
Iamnotsupposedtocopythestoriesinthebook.
Janetissupposedtocleanthelivingroom.
Sheisn'
tsupposedtoeatcandyandgum.
Theyaresupposedtomakedinnerforthefamily.
Theyaren'
tsupposedtomakedessert.
Thecompositionissupposedtobetypedbyme.
Thestoriesinthebookarenotsupposedtobecopied.
ThelivingroomissupposedtobecleanedbyJanet.
Candyandgumaren'
tsupposedtobeeatenbyher.
Dinnerforthefamilyissupposedtobemadebythem.
Dessertisn'
tsupposedtobemadebythem.
PASTMODALS
Thepastpassiveformfollowsthispattern:
modal+havebeen+pastparticiple
SHOULDHAVE/SHOULDN'
THAVE
Thestudentsshouldhavelearnedtheverbs.
Thechildrenshouldn'
thavebrokenthewindow.
Theverbsshouldhavebeenlearnedbythestudents.
Thewindowshouldn'
thavebeenbrokenbythechildren.
Studentsoughttohavelearnedtheverbs.
Theverbsoughttohavebeenlearnedbythestudents.
BESUPPOSEDTO(pasttime)
Iwassupposedtotypethecomposition.
Iwasn'
tsupposedtocopythestoryinthebook.
Janetwassupposedtocleanthelivingroom.
Shewasn'
FrankandJaneweresupposedtomakedinner.
Theyweren'
Thecompositionwassupposedtobetyped
byme.
Thestoryinthebookwasn'
tsupposedtobecopied.
ThelivingroomwassupposedtobecleanedbyJanet.
Candyandgumweren'
Dinnerwassupposedtobemadebythem.
Dessertwasn'
ThatfirmmayhaveofferedKatyaanewjob.
Thestudentsmaynothavewrittenthepaper.
ThatfirmmighthaveofferedKatyaanewjob.
Thestudentsmightnothavewrittenthepaper.
Katyamayhavebeenofferedanewjobbythatfirm.
Thepapermaynothavebeenwrittenbythestudents.
Katyamighthavebeenofferedanewjobbythatfirm.
Thepapermightnothavebeenwrittenbythestudents.
4.被动语态小结
●被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:
情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcare