定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案Word下载.docx
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Shebeganthatnight,withasimplestep:
goingdoor—to-dooronthefloorofherdormitoryatNewYorkUniversity,askingherclassmatesiftheycouldeachjustdonate(捐赠)justonepairoftheirownsockstosomeoneexperiencinghomelessness。
Shegot40pairsofsocksinasinglenight,fromasinglefloor。
Thenextmorningsheopenedherdoortofindalotofsocksthatotherpeoplehaddonated.
ThatmorningofficiallykickedoffKnockKnock,GiveaSock(KKGS),anewnonprofit(非营利的)organizationthathasnowprovidedover350,000pairsofsockstothehomelessacrossAmerica.Todate,over50collegesandhighschoolsacrosstheUShavejoinedKKGSovertheyears.
“Whilemanypeopledonateclothing,9outofevery10clothingdonorshaveneverdonatedsocks。
Ontopofthat,peoplewhoaretryingtodonatesocksoftenfinditdifficulttodonateusedsocks,”shesays.“KKGSisoneoftheonlyorganizationsthatcollectsusedsocks。
Wehavevolunteersknockingondoorsoftheirclassmatesinschool,oftheirworkmatesatwork,andevenoftheirneighbors。
”
But,whetheryou’re26or62,youdon’tneedtowaittoorganizeyourownsockdrive,collectsocks,orevenwashandcleansomeofyourowntodonatetoyourlocalshelter,orsomeoneinneedwhoyoumeetonthestreet.
1。
Howdidthehomelessman’swordsaffectLichtman?
A。
TheycausedhertostartKKGS。
B。
Theypushedhertogotocollege.
C.Theyencouragedhertohousethehomeless。
D.Theymadehercontinuetogiveoutsandwiches.
2.HowdidLichtman’sclassmatesreacttoherrequestfordonation?
A.Somerefuseditpolitely。
Theystronglysupportedit。
C。
Somefeltquitesurprisedbyit.
D。
Theyconsidereditunreasonable。
3。
Whatadvicedoestheauthoroffertopeople?
A.Takeactioninsmallways.
Startyourownorganization.
C.Makedonationsfromanearlyage。
D.Findcreativewaystohelppeople。
B
Formostofus,thereisnodebate—bananasareyellow。
Colorisn’tasobjectiveasyoumightthinkthough。
Ourbraindecideswhatcolorwearelookingatbasedonthelightthatcomesintooureyes,andhowweseecolorsactuallyvariesalot.
Therearemanywayscolorcanconfuseourbrains。
Positioningandshadingcanchangewhatwethinkwearelookingat。
Twopeoplecanseethesamethingverydifferentlybecauseofhowourbrainsdealwithlight.
Howweseecolor,however,isgovernedbymuchmorethanjustourbodies.Ouremotionsoreventhetimeofyear,canchangehowoureyesandbrainsreacttowhatwesee.Yellowlooksdifferenttousdependingontheseason,accordingtoscientistsattheUniversityofYork。
Inthesummeryellowappearsmore“greenish”whereasinthewinteryellowappearsmore“reddish”.Thisistheresultoflivinginanenvironmentwherethelevelofgreenlightincreasesinthesummer.Whenthetreesarefullofleaves,oureyesneedtoadapt.Withextragreenallaroundus,ourbrainhastorecheckitsunderstandingofyellow。
ResearchersinRochester,NewYorkhavefoundthatfeelingsadcanimpactonyourabilitytoidentify(辨别)colors.Participantswereshownsomesmallpiecesofclothwhichhadmost,butnotall,ofthecolorsremovedfromthem。
Later,theywereaskedtoidentifywhatcolortheywerelookingat。
AgroupwhohadwatchedthedeathofMufasainTheLionKingfoundithardertopickoutblueandyellowthanotherswhohadnotseenthefilm。
Psychologistsbelievethatdopamine-whichcontrolsourbrain’srewardandpleasurecenters—hasanimpactonhowweidentifythesecolors.Sowhilecolormightseemtobeoneofthesimplestthingsinourworld,itisactuallyamysteryscientistsareonlyjustbeginningtosolve.
4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocuson?
A.Whyweseecolorsdifferently。
B。
Howourbrainsreceivecolors。
C.Whycolorsaffectouremotions.D。
Howpeoplecanidentifycolors。
5。
Whichofthefollowingisunabletoaffectpeople’sabilitytoidentifycolors?
A.Position.B.Intelligence。
Environment。
D.Feeling。
6。
Yellowlooksdifferentinsummerandwinterbecauseof___________.
people'
sdifferentsightB.thedifferenttemperatures
C.thedifferentlevelsofgreenlightD.people’sdifferentbodyconditions
7。
Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
Thesadfeelingweakenspeople'
sabilitytoidentifycolors.
Wecanfindoutthesecretofdopamineinsomemovies。
C.Scientistshavefoundtheanswertothecolormystery.
Therearemanywaysthatcolorcanentertainourbrains.
C
Nursesplayavitalroleonthefrontlinesofthenovelcoronavirus(冠状病毒)pandemic.ButashortageoftheseessentialhealthcareworkerscouldposechallengesincountriesdealingwithagrowingnumberofCOVID-19cases。
”OneofthelessonsIhopetheworldlearnsfromCOVID—19isthatwemustinvestinnurses,"
saidWorldHealthOrganizationDirector-GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesusduringaspeechTuesdayincelebrationofWorldHealthDay.
WHO’snew”StateoftheWorld’sNursing2020”reporthasidentifiedaglobalshortageof5。
9millionnurses。
ManyofthosegapsarefoundinAfrica,SoutheastAsia,theEasternMediterranean,andpartsofLatinAmerica.
Amongregionsoftheworld,theAmericashavethehighestdensityofnursesat83。
4per10,000people,followedbyEuropewith79.3nursesper10,000people.Incontrast,thereare8。
7nursesper10,000peopleinAfrica,15。
6nursesper10,000peopleintheEasternMediterraneanregion,16。
5nursesper10,000peopleinSoutheastAsia,and36nursesper10,000peopleintheWesternPacific.
Buttherearealsodifferenceswithinregions。
IntheAmericas,forexample,countriessuchasBrazil,Canada,Chile,andtheUShaveahigherdensityofnursesatclosetoorover100per10,000people,distortingtheregionalaverage。
Manyoftheneighboringcountriesintheregionhavelessthan50nursesper10,000people。
InHaiti,thereareonly3。
8nursesper10,000people.
Whenbasedoncountryincome,datainthereportshowsanunsurprisingtrend:
Thehighertheincome,thehigherthenursingdensity.Inlow-incomecountries,theaveragedensityofnursesis9。
1per10,000people,whilethefigureforhigh-incomecountriesis107.7per10,000people.
Buttrainingmorenurseswon’tsolvetheproblem,saidDr.GiorgioCometto,WHOcoordinatoronhumanresourcesforhealthpoliciesandstandards。
Ifthecountrylackstheeconomiccapacitytoemploythemortocreateeconomicopportunitiesforthemtoworkasnurses。
。
.trainingmorenursescanjustgointothedirectionofmakinglabormarketimbalances,resultinginunemploymentamongnurses.Andthat'
sahugewastageofhumancapitalaswellasfinancialresources,"
Comettosaid。
Thekeyisbalancingtrainingwiththecreationofemploymentopportunitiesinruralareaswherethereareknownhealthworkershortages。
Thatmaybeeasiersaidthandone,especiallyamongcountriesthataresufferingfromchronicorcomplexemergencies,inactiveconflict,orstrugglinginthewakeofconflict.Butinthesesettings,theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistancewithnationalprioritiesandcoveringrecurrentcosts,suchassalaries,withinaspecifiedperiodoftime,Comettosaid。
8。
HowmanynursesareneededaccordingtoWHO'
snew”StateoftheWorld’sNursing2020"
report?
6million.B。
7Million.
3.8Million.D。
5.9Million.
9。
Fromthefiguresinthepassage,wherearenursesmostneeded?
A.Africa。
B.Haiti.
EasternMediterraneanregion.D。
SoutheastAsia。
10。
Basedonthecountryincomewhatdoesthedatainthereportshow?
A.Thehighertheincome,themorenursesare.
B.Thehighertheincome,themoredoctorsare.
C.Thelowertheincome,themoredoctorsare.
Thelowertheincome,themorenursesare。
11.FromwhatComettosaid,weknowthat___。
Itiseasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses。
Itisnoteasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses.
Trainingmorenursesisawaytosolvetheproblem。
D.Theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistanceallthetime.
D
Ifyou’veeverbeenonafishingboat,you’veprobablyseencrowdsofbirdsfollowingit,hopingtocatchasnack。
Nowscientistsusethosebirds’behaviortotrackillegalfishingboats。
Researchersattacheddataloggerstothebacksof169albatrosses(信天翁)inIndianoceans。
Weighingonly42grams,thedevicesincludedaGPS,whichenabledthemtodetectthepresenceandintensityofradarsignalsemittingfromboats.Thatinformationwasthensentbysatellite,sotheresearcherscouldtrackthelocationofthebirds—andthustheradar—emittingboats—inrealtime。
Thescientiststhencross-checkedthatdataagainsttheknownlocationsofboats,collectedfromasystemboatsusetodeclarethemselves,calledtheAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS)。
Andnoticeabledifferencesappearedfrequently.
Morethanathirdofthetimesthebirds“loggers”detectedradarsignals,andthereforeaboat,butnosuchboatappearedintheofficiallog—meaningthatthevehicleshadlikelyswitchedofftheirAIS—somethingthatprobablyhappensinillegalfishingoperations.
Theworksuggestsbirdscouldbeaneffectiveboat-monitoringtoolaslongasillegalfishingoperationsdon’ttargetthebirds.