造船标准规范专业资料.docx
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造船标准规范专业资料
2HULLPART
船体某些
2.1hullconstruction
船体构造
2.1.1GENERAL
概述
Thehullconstructionsareincludingthemainhull,forecastle,poopdeck,deckhouses,engineerroom,enginecasing,funnel,appendages(suchasbilgekeel,bulwark).Thevesseltobeofsteelandallweldedconstructions.
船体构造涉及主船体,艏/艉楼,甲板室,机舱,机舱棚,烟囱,船体附件(如舭龙骨,舷墙)等。
本船构造为钢质全焊接构造。
Hullconstruction’smaterials&scantlingdesignsaretobecompliedwiththerulesofClassificationSociety.WherethereisnotbementionedintherulesofClassificationSociety,thedesignsshallbedoneaccordingtothedesignstandardandshipbuildingpractices.Thedesignsofconstructionshallfollowtheprincipleofcontinuousstructures.
船体构造材料及构件尺寸设计应满足船级社规范规定。
船级社规范未作规定构件,将依照设计原则和惯例拟定。
构造设计将遵循构造构件持续性原则。
Thearrangementsofstructuralmemberstobearrangedinconsideringforeasyaccessandmaintenance
构造构件布置应考虑便于通行原则。
2.1.2MATERIALs
材料
ThematerialsofthesteelplatesandhullstructuralmembersarenormalmildsteelandshallcomplywiththerulesofClassificationSocietyifnecessary,.
钢板和型材为船用普通碳素钢,并应满足船级社规范关于规定。
CastingsteelshallcomplywiththerulesofClassificationSocietyifnecessary.
铸件应满足船级社规范关于规定。
2.1.3welding
焊接
TheweldingconditionshavetomeettherequirementsofclassandOwnersinspections.Weldingshallbecarriedoutunderdryandcleanconditions,weatherprotectedasfaraspossible.
焊接条件需要满足船东和船级社检查规定。
焊接需要在干燥和清洁条件下进行,尽量进行露天保护。
Twosidecontinuousweldingwillbeusedintanksincludingforepeak,afterpeak,doublebottom,wingtanks,holds,engineroomaswellasinallspacesexposedtoweatherandinwetspacespronetocorrosion(bathrooms,galley,pantries,laundries,dryingrooms,etc).
所有舱必要用双面持续焊接涉及艏尖舱,艉尖舱,双层底,边舱,货舱,机舱以及露天处所和易于被腐蚀潮湿处所(浴室,厨房,餐具室,洗衣间,干衣室等)
Singlesided-,intermittent-,chain-orzigzagweldingwillbeallowed,asfaraspermissibleaccordingtotheclassificationsociety,wherestructuralpartsarenotexposedtoweatherormoisture.
可采用单面焊,间断焊,并列焊或交错焊,依照船级社规定,构造件不要暴漏在露天或潮湿处。
Theformationofnotchesandburn-in(undercut)duringweldingshallbeavoidedandtobegiventhenecessaryattentionatdesignandproductionstage.
在焊接期间应当避免形成切口及咬边,在设计及生产阶段要特别注意这一块。
Weldingatlowenvironmentaltemperatureswillbeinaccordancewithclassrequirements.Weldingconsumablesusedaretobesuitablefortheparentmetaltobeweldedandaretobeapprovedbytheclassificationsociety.Wherefillermaterialshavingtensilepropertiesdeviating(downwards)fromtheparentmetalareused,thisfactmustbetakenintoaccountwhendimensioningtheweldjoints.
在低温条件下焊接应依照船级社规定。
焊接材料应适合于母材,并通过船级社认证。
从母材某些开始使用品有伸缩性填角材料之处,计算焊缝时应当考虑到这种状况。
WeldingprocedureincludingedgepreparationshallbeexecutedinaccordancewiththeBuilder’establishedmodernweldingprocedureandpracticewithreferencetoChineseshipbuildingstandardandapprovedbytheclassificationsociety.
焊接程序涉及边沿预解决,应当符合造船方参照中华人民共和国造船原则制定当代焊接程序并且经船级社认证。
Automaticweldingshallbeusedtothegreatestextent.Theweldersengagedintheweldingshallbefullyqualifiedandholdingweldingcertificatesfromtheclassificationsocietyforthetypeofweldingcarriedout.
自动焊应当被广泛使用。
从事焊接焊工应当有充分资格和持有给焊接发证船级社证书。
Electrodesandotherweldingmaterialshavetobeproperlyselectedforthespecialintendedpurposes.
焊条和其她形式焊接材料应当有目恰当进行挑选来用于特殊焊接。
Allweldingshallbecontinuousexceptindryspacesinthesuperstructureanddeckhousewhereintermittentweldingispermitted.
除了上层建筑和甲板室干燥空间焊接是间断焊接,其她所有焊接应当是持续焊接
Careshallbetakentoavoidstressconcentrationduetowelding,heatinganddiscontinuityofthestructureorbuild-instress.
应当特别注意由于焊接,加热和构造非持续性产生应力集中和嵌入应力。
Allforeignmaterials(water,rust,oil,sludge,dirt,paintetc.)thatwillaffectthequalityoftheweldingtobethoroughremovedbeforecarryoutwelding.
所有影响焊缝质量杂质(如水,锈,油,油渣,灰尘,油漆等)须在焊接前所有予以清除。
Alldamagestothesteelmaterialduetoweldingwhenblockassembleorerection,shalltoberectifiedbyweldingandgrindsmooth,
由于烧焊对钢材产生损坏,在分段合拢或吊装时,应使用焊接方式进行修正并打磨光滑。
2.1.4testing
实验
Onstrengthdecksandsteelstructures,hatchcovers,etc.weldingtobex-rayexamined,complyingwiththerequirementsoftheclassificationsocietyandtoOwner'sapproval.Buttweldingbetweenmajorsteelcastingsandstructuralmemberstobe100%x-rayed.
依照船级社规定和船东承认,强力甲板和钢构造舱盖等等焊接需要用X射线检查。
大钢铸件和构件之间焊接要100﹪进行X射线检查。
Additionalx-raytestsaboveclassrequirementstobemadeasdirectedbyOwner’srepresentativeincasetheresultofx-rayfoundnotsatisfied-
若船东对所作X光线探伤不满意,除船级规定外,应当依照船东监理指引下再进行探伤。
Theareasandlocationsofx-raytobemutuallyagreedbetweenOwner’srepresentativeandBuilderandtheClassduringbuildingperiod.
X射线检查位置和范畴在建造期间需要船东监理和建造者和船级社互相协商决定。
RadiographicinspectionstobecarriedouttothesatisfactionofOwner’srepresentativeandclasssurveyors.
射线检查检查技术应当令船东监理和验船师满意。
Hydrostaticteststobecarriedoutaccordingtotherequirementsoftheclassificationsociety,undertheattendanceofOwner’srepresentativeandclasssurveyors.Teststobecarriedoutbeforelaunching,however,alterationscanbemutuallyagreeduponwithOwner’srepresentative.
静水力实验应当在船东代表和船级社验船师参加状况下,依照照船级社规定进行。
实验应在下水迈进行。
如有变动需要,可以与船东代表互相协商。
Compressedairtestingcanbecarriedoutonly,ifacceptedbytheclassificationsociety.
如果船级社批准,可以只做气密实验。
Roomswithsteelbulkheadswhicharepermanentlyexposedtodripandsplashwaterandwhicharecovered-withcementortiles,suchaslavatories,galleys,laundries,dryingroomsetc.tobefilledwithwateruptotheheightofthecoamingsorvisuallyinspectedtocontrolthetightness.
长期暴露于水滴和飞溅水处和敷设水泥或瓷砖处钢质舱壁房间,如:
盥洗室,厨房,洗衣间,干衣间等应当注入至房间门槛高度或者是通过目测来控制气密性。
Watertightbulkheads,deckplatesetc.notsubjecttopressureteststobefreshwaterhosetestedafterpainting.
水密舱壁,甲板等不受压力实验影响可在喷漆后冲淡水实验。
Similarhoseteststobecarriedoutforallwindows,sidelights,hatchcovers,watertightdoors,exits,erectionclosuresandaselsewherenecessary.
相类似冲水实验可以用到所有窗户,舷侧灯、舱盖、水密门、逃口、直立封闭处和其她需要地方。
Ultrasonictesttobecarriedoutforconfirmtightnessofhatchcoversiftheyardcando.
如果船厂可以做超声波实验,则应当用超声波来确认水密舱盖密封性。
Teststobecarriedoutaftercompletionofallworksaffectingthewatertightnessandbeforefittingthefloorcovering,theinsulation,theliningetc.
该实验应在水密实验完毕后和在装配地板敷料,绝缘材料,衬板等迈进行。
Iffinalcoatingsintankswillbeprovidedbeforehydrostatictestwillbecarriedout,theweldingseamsofcompartments,boundariesetc.tobecoveredbytapes.
如果在静水力实验前舱中实行舱内面漆,各舱室焊缝,边界等应当贴上胶带。
Tapestoberemovedbeforetests.
胶带需要在实验前去除。
Hoseteststobecarriedoutwithfreshwateronly.
软管实验只能用淡水。
However,sometanksandothercompartmentswhicharehydrostaticallytestedwithseawaterandpaintinghasbeenprovidedalready,tobewasheddownwithfreshwateraftertestingandtobetotallydriedandcleanedtothesatisfactionofOwner’srepresentativeandpaintmaker’ssupervisors.
但是,如果某些舱和其她舱室已经用海水进行了静水力实验并且已经提供了油漆,在实验后应当用淡水洗掉,完全干燥和清洗,使船东监理和制造商监理满意。
Suitabletestsforconfirmtightnessofship’sbottomplugstobecarriedoutbeforelaunching.
船底塞在下水之前应当进行某些恰当实验。
Ship’stankstructurestrengthteststobecarriedoutduringseatrialsasperrulesofClassificationSociety.
依照船级社规范规定船舶舱室强度实验应当在试航期间进行。
2.1.5deckheights
甲板高度
Frommaindecktopoopdeck2.7m
从主甲板到尾楼甲板2.7m
Frompoopdecktoboatdeck2.6m
从艉楼甲板到艇甲板2.6m
Fromboatdecktocaptaindeck2.6m
从艇甲板到船长甲板2.6m
Fromcaptaindecktobridgedeck2.6m
从船长甲板到驾驶甲板2.6m
Frombridgedecktocompassdeck2.5m
从驾驶甲板到罗经甲板2.5m
2.1.6camber
梁拱
Theheightofcamberonupperdeckis300mm.
上甲板梁拱高度是300mm。
Theheightofcamberonforecastledeckis300mm
艏楼甲板梁拱高度是300mm。
2.1.7lighteningholeandAccesshole
减轻孔和工艺孔
Ifnecessaryandundertheconditionsofnotaffectingthestrengthofstructures,lighteningholes,accessholesmaybeopenedontheuntightcompartmentsaccordingtothebuilder’standardandpractice.
在不影响构件强度状况下,如果需要,可以依照造船方原则和惯例,可以在非水密舱室上开减轻孔和工艺孔。
2.1.8Bottom
底部
2.1.8.1bottomConstructionofcargohold
货舱底部建造
Thebottomoftheholdislongitudinalframingsystem.Theheightofdoublebottomshallcomplywiththerequirementsoftherules.Holdswithflatinner-bottomplatescontinuouslongitudinal,equalspacingoflongitudinalgirdersandtransversesolidfloors.
货舱底部为纵骨架式构造,货舱双层底高满足规范规定,设有平直内底,持续纵骨,一定间距纵绗和实肋板。
Theinner-bottomplatesinholdsshallbedesignedinconsideringcargounloadingbyusinggrabsorothersimilarunloader.Thereshallbenowoodenboardundertheholds.Thicknessoftheinner-bottomplatesshallbeincreasedaccordingtotherequirementoftherules.Tanktopuniformstrengthtobemorethan15tons/m2andsuitableforloading2tiersof15tonx1500mmx1500mmsteelcoils.
货舱内底板应考虑采用抓斗或其她类似机械卸货,且舱口下不设有木铺板,内底板依照规范规定增厚。
内底均匀强度应当不不大于15tons/m2,适合装两层15tonx1500mmx1500mm卷板。
Alldoublebottomiswatertightandoiltight.Compressedairtestingandwater-pressuretestscanbecarriedoutaccordingtotheclassificationsocietyandbyOwner'srepresentative.
所有双层底为水密和油密,并应按规范规定由船东代表进行水压或气密实验。
2.1.8.2bottomofEngineRoom.
机舱底部构造
DoublebottomofE.R.shallextendtotheshipside.Solidfloorshallbeprovidedateachframe.Thesizeofopeningsindoublebottomshallcomplywiththerequirementsofclassificationsociety.
机舱双层底伸至两舷,每档设立实肋板,双层底构造上开孔尺寸满足船级社规定。
Adequatenumbersofmanholesshallbeprovidedinsidetanksforeasyaccess.Adequatenumbersofdrainholesandairholesshallbeprovidedonthebottomlongitudinaland-transversestructures..
所有舱内设立足够数量人孔以便出入,船底和纵横构造设立足够数量和尺寸流水孔和透气孔。
2.1.8.3bottomofForpeakPeakandAfterPeaktank
艏,艉尖舱底部构造
F.PandA.Ptankissinglebottomstructure.
艏,艉尖舱底部为单底构造。
PartofthebottomstructureofF.Ptankshouldbestrengthenedagainstslammingatthedraughtofnormalballastconditionaccordingtorulesrequirements.
依