lovingandhatingnewyork课后练习答案文档格式.docx

lovingandhatingnewyork课后练习答案文档格式.docx

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　7.TheyoungpeoplegotoNewYorktotestthemselvesandtoavoidgivingintothemostbanalandmarketableoftheirtalents.InNewYorktheyalsofindthecompanyofmanyotheryoungpeoplesimilarlyfleeingfromtheconstrictingatmosphereofsmallercities. 

　8.NewYorkisstillthebankingandcommunicationshead-quartersforAmerica.Thenetworks'

newscentres,thelargestbookpublishers,thebiggestmagazines,theadagenciesareallhere,appraisingandratifyingthefilms,theplays,themusic,thebooksthatothershavecreated. 

　9.Newcomerscanfindorformtheirlittlegroupsand,thoughthesegroupslieclosetoeachother,thereisnocontactorintercoursebetweengroups.Thisgivesthecityitssenseoffreedom. 

　10.Despiteallthefaultsofthecity,aNewYorkerstillpreferstoliveinNewYorkbecausehepreferstheunhealthyhassleandvitanyofurbanlife.WhathefindsattractiveaboutNewYorkisitsrawness,tension,urgency;

itsbracingcompetitivenesstherigorofitsjudgements;

andthecongested,democraticpresenceofsomanyotherNewYorkers,encasedintheirownworlds. 

　11.ItisinfactthefirsttrulyinternationalmetropolitsbecausehereonefindsamuchwidermixtureofnationalitiesAsians,Africans,LatinsandallvarietiesofEuropeans. 

Ⅲ.

　1.Thisarticleisapieceofexpositorywriting.Themainthemeorthesisisstatedbythetitle"

LovingandHatingNewYork"

ormorespecifically,bythefirstsentenceofthelastparagraph:

“LovingandhatingNewYorkbecomesamatterofalternatingmoods,ofteninthesameday."

　2.GriffithdevelopshismainthesisbybothobjectiveandemotionaldescriptionofNewYorkandthelifeandstruggleofNewYorkers.Itisveryeffective.（Seetheanswerto4.） 

　3.ThisarticleisfullofAmericanEnglishterms,phrasesandconstructions.SuchasT-shirt,hassle,plush,holdout,comeback,putdown,measureup,expense-account,etc. 

　4.ThewriterstatesthathebothlovesandhatesNewYork,butthereaderfailstoseewhereorwhyhehatesNewYork.ItisclearthatGriffithlovesNewYorkandfeelsexhilaratedlivingthere.Hemaysometimesfeelexasperatedbutthisfeelingisneverstrongenoughtoturntohate.ThewritershowshisloveforNewYorkwiththewordssuchasenergy,contentionstriving,etc. 

　5.Thefirstfiveparagraphsactasageneralintroduction,set-tingforththepresentstatusofNewYorkcityintheUnit-edStatesandintheeyesofforeigners.Thelastsentenceofparagraph5alsoactsasatransitiontothe"

actualde-scriptionsofNewYorkcityitself:

"

thecharged,nervousatmosphere,itsvulgardynamism"

ofthelastlineofparagraph5leadstothe"

energy,contention,andstriving"

inthefirstlineofparagraph6. 

　6.Thetopicsentenceofparagraph8isthefirstsentence."

Nature~spleasuresaremuchqualifiedinNewYork."

Thewriterusesmanyexamplestodevelopthisparagraphandtobackupthestatementmadeinthetopicsentence. 

　7.InNewYork,ashrewdunderstandingorabilitytoappraisethingsisappreciatedandpaidfor,andskillandlearningbythemselvesarenotconsideredvaluable.8.Free.Student’schoice. 

Ⅳ.

　1.NowadaysNewYorkcannotunderstandnorfollowthetasteoftheAmericanpeople. 

　2.NewYorkboaststhatitisacitythatresiststheprevailingtrends（styles,fashion）ofAmerica. 

　3.SituationcomediesmadeinHollywoodandtheactualperformanceofJohnnyCarsonnowreplacethescheduledradio 

　　andTVprogramsforCalifornia. 

　4.NewYorkisregainingsomewhatitsstatusasacitythatattractstourists. 

　5.ApersonwhowinsinNewYorkisconstantlydisturbedbyfearandanxiety（becauseheisafraidoflosingwhathehaswoninthefiercecompetition）. 

　6.Thechancetoenjoythepleasuresofnatureisverylimited. 

　7.AtnightthecityofNewYorkisaglowwithlightsandseemsproudlyandhaughtilytodarkenthenightsky. 

　8.ButapureandwholehearteddevotiontoaBohemianlifestylecanbeexaggerated. 

　9.Inboththeserolesofbankingandcommunicationshead-quarters,NewYorkstartsororiginatesveryfewthingsbutgivesitsstampofapprovaltomanythingscreatedbypeopleinotherpartsofthecountry. 

　10.Thetelevisiongenerationwasconstantlyandstronglyinfluencedbyextravagantpromotionaladvertising. 

　11.Authorswritinglongseriousnovelsearntheirlivinginthemeantimebyalsowritingarticlesforpopularmagazines. 

　12.Broadway,whichseemedunabletoresistthecheap,gaudyshowsputoninthesurroundingareas,isonceagainbusyandactive. 

　13.（IfyoutellaNewYorkeraboutthevigorofoutdoorpleasures,hewillreplythat）hepreferstheunhealthyturmoilandanimatedlifeofacity. 

　14.Thosewhofailedinthestruggleoflife,thedown-and-outs,arenothiddenawayinslumsorghettoeswhereotherpeoplecan'

tseethem. 

　15.NewYorkconstantlyirritatesandannoysverymuchbutattimesitalsoinvigoratesandstimulates. 

Ⅴ.Seethetranslationofthetext. 

Ⅵ.

　1.holdout:

（Americanism）aplacethatholdsout;

holdout=continueresistance;

standfirm;

notyield 

　2.live:

transmittedduringtheactualperformance 

　3.charged:

tense;

intense 

　4.put-down:

（Americanslang）abelittlingremarkorcrushingretort 

　5.foothold:

asecurepositionfromwhichitisdifficulttobedislodged 

　6.measureup:

（Americanism）provetobecompetentorqualified 

　7.jingle:

aversethatjingles;

jinglingarrangementofwordsorsyllables 

　8.expense-account.（Americanism）anarrangementwherebycertainexpensesofanemployeeinconnectionwithhisworkarepaidforbyhisemployer 

　9.illustration=apicture,design,diagram,etc.usedtodecorateorexplainsomething 

　10.commercial:

（radioandTV）apaidadvertisement 

　11.distancing:

bereservedorcooltoward;

treataloofly 

　12.democratic:

treatingpersonsofallclassesinthesameway;

notsnobbish 

　13,jealous:

verywatchfulorcarefulinguardingorkeeping 

　14.high-rise:

（Americanism）designatingorofatallapartmenthouse,officebuilding,etc.,ofmanystories/（noun）ahigh-risebuilding 

　15.mean:

poorinappearance;

shabby. 

Ⅶ.

　1.skyline:

noun+noun=nounExamples:

bookcase;

teacup;

skyrocket;

sealskin;

seaport;

pigsty 

　2.pacesetter:

noun+verb+er=nounExamples:

shareholder;

leaseholder;

pathfinder;

painstaker;

watchmaker 

　3.trash-strewn:

noun+pastparticiple=adjectiveExamples:

homespun;

bloodstained;

landlocked;

henpecked;

homemade 

　4.international:

acombiningform+adjective=adjectiveExamples:

interAmerican;

interchangeable;

interdepartmental;

interplanetary;

intersectional 

　5.anti-septically:

prefix4-adverb=adverbExamples:

preemptively;

preeminently;

predominantly;

prefiguratively;

prehistorically 

　6.juxtaposition:

acombiningform+noun=nounExamples:

photochemistry;

photocopy;

phonograph;

telephone;

television 

　7.NBC:

composedofinitialsN+B+CfromNationalBroadcastingCompanyExamples:

BBC--BritishBroadcastingCorporation;

NCO--noncommissionedofficer;

UN--UnitedNations;

MIA--missinginaction;

PFLI--PekingForeignLanguagesInstitute 

　8.Wasp:

anacronymfromwhiteAnglo-SaxonprotestantExamples:

Awacs--airbornewarningandcontrolsystem（asophisticatedsurveillanceplane）;

UFO--unidentifiedflyingobject;

Nato--NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization;

Asean--AssociationofSouth-eastAsianNations;

Anzac--（asoldierinthe）AustralianandNewZealandArmyCorps 

　9．ad：

ashorteningof“advertisement”Examples：

auto（automobile