创业者课程 entrepreneurship 习题Word文件下载.docx

创业者课程 entrepreneurship 习题Word文件下载.docx

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Explainthenatureofentrepreneurshipandhowitisrelatedtosmallbusiness.

∙Entrepreneursareindividualswhodiscovermarketneedsandlaunchnewfirmstomeetthoseneeds.

∙Theterm“entrepreneur”appliesnotonlytocompanyfoundersbutalsotosecond-generationownersoffamily-ownedfirms,franchisees,andowner-managerswhoboughtoutthefoundersoffirms.

∙Asmallbusinessusuallyisfinancedbyasmallgroup,isgeographicallylocalized,smallerthancompetitorsusuallyemploysfewerthan100people,andisfinancebyasmallnumberofindividuals.

∙TheSmallBusinessAdministration（SBA）reportsthatsmallfirms:

1）representmorethan99.7%ofallemployers;

2）employmorethanhalfofallprivate-sectoremployees;

3）Pay44.5%oftotalU.S.privatepayroll;

4）generate60-80%ofnetnewjobsannually;

and5）produce13-14timesmorepatentsperemployeethanlargepatentingfirms.

3

Identifysomemotivatorsorrewardsofentrepreneurialcareers.

∙Entrepreneursarepulledbypowerfulincentives,including:

∙Profit:

Expectingthatareturnwillnotonlypaythemforthetimeandmoneytheyinvestbutalsorewardthemwithprofits.

∙Independence:

Operatingindependentlyandtobeone’sownboss.

∙Freedom:

Escapingabadsituation,suchasastressfulcorporatejob.

∙Personalsatisfaction:

Enjoyingwhatonedoesforaliving.

∙Personalfulfillment:

Contributingbeneficialproductsorservicestothecommunity.

4

Describethevarioustypesofentrepreneursandentrepreneurialventures.

∙Therearemanydifferenttypesofentrepreneurswhohavedifferentmotivationsandbackgrounds.

∙Foundersareentrepreneurswhoinitiateabusinessonthebasisofaneworimprovedproductorservice.

∙Franchiseesareentrepreneurswhoownfranchise-basedbusinessesbutarelimitedbythecontractualrelationshipwiththefranchisingorganization.

∙High-potentialventuresaresmallfirmsthathavegreatprospectsforgrowth.

∙Attractivesmallfirmsoffersubstantialprofitstotheirowners.

∙Microbusinessesaresmallfirmsthatprovideminimalprofitstotheirowners.

∙Lifestylebusinessesaremicrobusinessesthatpermittheownertofollowadesiredpatternofliving.

∙Entrepreneurialteamsinvolvetwoormorepeoplewhoworktogetherasentrepreneurs.

∙Artisanentrepreneurshavetechnicalskillsbutlittlebusinessknowledgeorexperience.Theyareoftenpaternalisticandreluctanttodelegateauthority.

∙Opportunisticentrepreneursarepeoplewithbothsophisticatedmanagerialskillsandtechnicalknowledgewhostartabusiness.

∙Womenentrepreneurshipisfastergrowingthanmaleentrepreneurshipbecausefinancingopportunitiesandgeneralacceptancehaveimprovedinthelastfewyears.

5

Identifyfivepotentialadvantagesofsmallentrepreneurialfirms.

∙Thefivepotentialadvantagesofsmallentrepreneurialfirmsarecustomerfocus,qualityperformance,integrityandresponsibility,innovation,andspecialniche.

∙Customerfocus:

Smallfirmsarebetterabletofocusonservingeachindividualcustomer.

∙Qualityperformance:

Smallfirmscanproducequalitygoodsandservicesbecausetherearefeweremployeestomanage.

∙Integrityandresponsibility:

Currentbusinessfoundersandownerscitehighethicalstandardsasthesinglemostimportantfactorinentrepreneurialsuccess.

∙Innovation:

Alargepercentageofinnovationscomefromsmallfirms.

∙Specialniche:

Smallfirmscanofferlow-costadvantagestoasmallercustomerbase.

6

Discussfactorsrelatedtoreadinessforentrepreneurshipandgettingstartedinanentrepreneurialcareer.

∙Theidealageforentrepreneurshipseemstoliebetweenthemid-20sandthemid-30swhenthereisabalancebetweenpreparatoryexperiencesandfamilyobligations.

∙Successfulentrepreneursusuallyhavestrongcommitmentanddetermination,leadershipqualities,anobsessionforopportunity,toleranceofriskanduncertainty,creativity,self-reliance,andadaptability.

∙Entrepreneurshaveahigherinternallocusofcontrolthandoesthegeneralpopulation.

∙Precipitatingevents,suchasjobtermination,jobdissatisfaction,oranunexpectedopportunity,oftencauseindividualstobecomeentrepreneurs.

7

Explaintheconceptofanentrepreneuriallegacyandthechallengesinvolvedincraftingaworthylegacy.

∙Anentrepreneur’slegacyincludesnotonlymoneyandassetsbutalsopersonalrelationshipsandvalues.

∙Agoodlegacyhasagoodbalanceofvaluesandprinciplesthatareimportanttotheentrepreneur.

∙Buildingalegacyisanongoingprocessthatbeginsatthefoundingofthebusinessandcontinuesthroughoutitsoperatinglife.

QUICKIDENTIFICATIONANDEXPLANATION

1.entrepreneurialopportunity:

avalue-creatinginnovationwithmarketpotential

2.entrepreneur:

apersonwhostartsand/oroperatesabusiness

3.reluctantentrepreneur:

apersonwhobecomesanentrepreneurasaresultofsomeseverehardship

4.refugee:

apersonwhobecomesanentrepreneurtoescapeanundesirablesituation

5.founder:

anentrepreneurwhobringsanewfirmintoexistence

6.franchisee:

anentrepreneurwhosepowerislimitedbyacontractualrelationshipwithafranchisingorganization

7.high-potentialventure（gazelle）:

asmallfirmthathasgreatprospectsforgrowth

8.attractivesmallfirm:

asmallfirmthatprovidessubstantialprofitstoitsowner

9.microbusiness:

asmallfirmthatprovidesminimalprofitstoitsowner

10.lifestylebusiness:

amicrobusinessthatpermitstheownertofollowadesiredpatternofliving

11.entrepreneurialteam:

twoormorepeoplewhoworktogetherasentrepreneursononeendeavor

12.artisanentrepreneur:

apersonwithprimarilytechnicalskillsandlittlebusinessknowledgewhostartsabusiness

13.opportunisticentrepreneur:

apersonwithbothsophisticatedmanagerialskillsandtechnicalknowledgewhostartsabusiness

14.internallocusofcontrol:

abeliefthatone’ssuccessdependsonone’sownefforts

15.externallocusofcontrol:

abeliefthatone’slifeiscontrolledmorebyluckorfatethanbyone’sownefforts

16.precipitatingevent:

anevent,suchaslosingajob,thatmovesanindividualtobecomeanentrepreneur

17.entrepreneuriallegacy:

materialassetsandintangiblequalitiespassedontobothheirsandsociety

TRUE/FALSEQUESTIONS

MarkeachstatementwithaT,ifitistrue,orwithanF,ifitisfalse.

_____1.Someindividualsbegintheirentrepreneurialcareersbecauseofdisappointingexperiencesasemployees.

_____2.Asuccessfulentrepreneurmustbeabletorecognizeopportunityandactonit.

_____3.Entrepreneursaregenerallyrisk-averse.

_____4.SmallbusinesshaslittleeconomicimpactonemploymentintheUnitedStates.

_____5.Smallbusinessisusuallyfinancedbyasmallgroupofowners.

_____6.Themarketingfunctionofasmallbusinessisusuallygeographicallylocalized.

_____7.Typically,thenumberofemployeesinasmallbusinessisfewerthan100.

_____8.Asignificantnumberofentrepreneursarehighlymotivatedbypotentialprofits.

_____9.Manyentrepreneursusetheirindependencetoachieveflexibilityintheirpersonallivesandworkhabits.

_____10.Individualswhohaveenteredbusinessownershipasaresultoffinancialhardshiparecalledcorporaterefugees.

_____11.Foundersmaybeinventorswhoinitiateabusinessonthebasisofneworimprovedproductsorservices.

_____12.Franchiseeshavemorefreedomtorunabusinessthanothertypesofbusinessowners.

_____13.Firmsthathavegreatprospectsforgrowtharecalledgazelles.

_____14.Microbusinessesprovideverylargeprofitreturnstotheirowners.

_____15.Entrepreneurialteamsaredeclininginpopularityinventures