情态动词讲师版Word格式.docx

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情态动词讲师版Word格式.docx

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情态动词讲师版Word格式.docx

Eg:

IcanspeakfluentEnglishnow,butIcouldn'

tlastyear.

注:

can和beableto辨析:

can只有现在式和过去式,而beableto有更多的形式。

I’vealwayswantedtoabletospeakfluentEnglish.

Thosebagslookreallyheavy,areyousureyou’llbeabletocarrythemonyourown?

was/wereableto表示“经过一番努力后做成某事”相当于managedtodo或succeedindoing

Aftertheaccidentitwasalongtimebeforeshewasabletowalkagain.

2、表“允许,请求”口语中常用could代替can,使语气更委婉

Couldyoulendmeyourequipment?

(班级中的清新女神的口气)

Canyoulendmeyourequipment?

(班级中的女汉子的口气)

could用来表示请求时,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不能用于肯定句,答语应用can(外国人比较直爽,拒绝就是拒绝,不用委婉的could。

—CouldIuseyourdictionary?

—Yes,youcan.(否定回答可用:

No,I’mafraidnot.)

3、表“猜测”(主要用于否定和疑问)肯定猜测用must

Itcan’tbeeasycaringforamanandachildwhoarenotyourown.

Canthemanovertherebeourheadmaster?

4、表“惊讶”译为“怎么能”(主要用于否定句,疑问句或感叹句)

Howcanyoubesocrazy?

5、(肯)表示客观可能性,常用来说明人或事物的特征,可翻译为“有时会”。

要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时,不用can,需用could,may,might。

Asahumanbeing,anyonecanmakeamistake.

I’mconfidentthatasolutioncanbefound.

Hecanbeveryforgetfulsometimes.

Imaystayathomethisweekend.(实际可能性)

Petermightcometojoinus.(实际可能性)

惯用形式“cannot…too…”表示“无论怎么……也不(过分)”

Youcannotbetoocareful.你越小心越好。

惯用形式“cannotbut+不定式(不带to)”表示“不得不,只好”。

Icannotbutadmireherdetermination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。

【考点二】mayVSmight

1、表示允许,请求(May比较正式、客气,往往用于陌生人之间或正式场合,一般用于第一人称,might更委婉)

——MayIsmokehere?

——No,youmustn’t(或No,you’dbetternot.)

注意:

回答语比较直接。

否定回答一般用mustnot/mustn’t,表示“禁止、之意,但也可以用hadbetternot(最好别)或maynot(不可以),语气较为委婉。

2、表推测(也许,可能,大概)might更委婉

Itmayrainthisafternoon.

3、用于祈使句“祝”

Mayyoubehappy!

Longmayhelive!

愿他能持续住下去。

Mayyouhavemanymoredaysashappyasthisone.

Maysherestinpeace.愿她安息。

注:

与hope,wish的区别

Wishsb.sth.固定搭配所以wish后必须接n.

Hope(vi)+for

(vt)that/todo

惯用句式maywelldo(很可能)=belikelytodo

may/mightaswelldo(最好)=hadbetter

Youmayaswelltellusnow,we’llfindoutsoonerorlater.

Hemaywellnotforgiveyou.

【考点三】mustVShaveto

1、must主观“一定”haveto客观“不得不”

Imuststudyhard.(自己下定决心要努力学习)

Ihavetostudyhard.(被家长骂了之后不得不努力学习)

2、mustn’t表“禁止”

Eg:

Youmustn’teatintheclassroom.

1)否定形式:

Youmustn’tgothere.你不许去那里

Youdon’thavetogothere.你没必要去那里

2)疑问形式:

非得、、、、

---MustIcomebackinadvance?

---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t./youdon’thaveto.

3、must表肯定猜测

Youmustbeconfusedbyyourhandwriting.

must猜测的可能性很大,may/might可能性很小。

【考点四】shallVSshould

1、shall用于第一,三人称表示“征求意见”要区别于will表征求常用于第二人称willyou,may常用与第一人称mayI(比较正式,多用于陌生人)。

ShallIremovemycoat?

2、shall用于二,三人称中表示允诺,威胁,命令,警告

1.Don’tworry,youshallbeemployed.(允诺)

2.Heshallberegretfulforitoneday,Itellyou.(警告)

3.YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)

4.Ifyourchildrendon’tfinishyourhomework,youshallbepunished.(威胁)

3、shall必须(用在条约、规章、法令文件中表义务或规定,一般用于第三人称)

Intrudersshallbefined.非法闯入者将遭罚款。

4、should表应该1).推测

2).责任

Itshouldbeanicedaytomorrow.(推测)

Youshouldberesponsibleforyourbaby.(责任)

oughtto表示应该是客观的should表主观的

Youshouldhelpthemmakeprogress.

Youarehisfather.Yououghttogethimtoreceivegoodeducation.

3)should表“万一”(用在if引导的条件句中,一般情况不会发生,但也有发生的可能,从句谓语用should+动词原形构成,主句都一定用虚拟语气)

ShouldIbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.(万一我明天有时间,我就过来)

4)should表惊讶译为“竟然”与why,who,how,what连用

WhyshouldanyonewanttomarryTony?

【考点五】willVSwould

1、will表“意愿”,“请求”,“习惯”“功能译为:

能/行”

Heisthemanwhowillconductother.(意愿)这个是常考点

NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.(表意愿的否定)

Willyoupleasetakeamessageforhim?

(请求)

Whenweworkedinthesameoffice,wewouldoftenhavecoffeetogether.(习惯)

Thedoorwilllock.(功能)

wouldVSusedtodo

would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作,不能表示过去存在的状态,另外,would是完全过去的事情,同现在没有联系。

而usedtodo表示过去常常,今非昔比

Inthosedays,wheneverIhaddifficulties,IwouldturntoMr.Chenforhelp.

Heusedtobeanaughtyboyandcausetrouble.

【考点六】dareVSneed既可以用作情态动词又可以用作实意动词

情态动词:

只用于否定与疑问前没有do后没有to/doing

实意动词:

(needdoing=needtobedone),过去式用needed、didyouneed?

和didn'

tneed,肯定式用needs/needed/need,

1.—Needweleavesoon?

—Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn'

t)

2.Youneedn'

thavehurried.

3.Ajoblikenursingneedspatienceandunderstanding.

(need+名词,needunderstanding=needtobeunderstood,需要被理解)

4.Doyoustillneedvolunteerstohelpcleanupaftertheparty?

(needsomebodytodosomething)

5.Theydidn'

tneedtostartsoearly.(donotneedtodo)

情态动词+havedone

musthavedone表过去一定....

mighthavedone本可能...却没有

couldhavedone本能....却没有

should/oughttohavedone本应该....却没有

needn’thavedone本不必....却做了

但是注意:

might/mayhavedone和could/canhavedone可以表示对过去的推测但是可能性较小没有must那么一定

【基础演练】

1.John_(arrive)yet,orhewouldhavetelephonedme.(should’thavearrived)

2.Why_itgetcolderwhenweclimbupamountain?

Wearegettingnearertothesun!

(should)

3.Inmymemory,wheneverwechoseadayforapicnic,it_alwaysrainonthatday.(would)

4.You_makemistakes,butthatisthewayyoulearnhowthingsworkandhowtomendthem.(may)

5.-Youdidn’twaitforElizabethlastnight,didyou?

-Yes,butwe_shedidn’tcomeatall.(needn’thavearrived)

【题型分类典题精讲】

【牛刀小试】

1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You______homewithoutaword.

A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleft

C.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave

2.--------Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluablecoins.______Ihavealook?

--------Yes,certainly.

A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should

3.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI____reportittothepolice?

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

4.----Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?

-----No,it_____behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.

A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot

5.------Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.

-----oh,he_____havebeenaverysmartboythen.

A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must

6.-------Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.

--------You_____.I’mnotaskingyouforit.

A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t

【群英荟萃】

1.—It’stheoffice!

Soyouknoweatingisnotallowedhere.

—Oh,sorry.

A.mustB.willC.mayD.need

2.It_____havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.

A.mayB.canC.mustD.should

3.—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.

—Well,you_______

A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might

4.—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?

—She_____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.

A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.mighthavebeen

5.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatIstayhereuntilshecomesback.

A.canB.mustC.willD.may

【鱼目混珠】

1.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

 

【题型一】单项选择

1.It’saverykindoffer,butIreally_____acceptit.

A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.don’t

2.You_____practisethedrumswhilethebabyissleeping.

A.needn’tB.mightn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t

3.——WillyoureadmeastoryMummy?

——OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.

A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall

4.Noone________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.

A.canB.needC.mustD.might

5.Ifyou___go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.will

6.Tom,you_____leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!

A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot

7.You_____buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.

A.mustB.mustn’tC.havetoD.don’thaveto

8.Doctorsaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit______beregularexercise.

A.canB.willC.mustD.may

9.Herbrotherbeathomenow,becausehewasseenplayingbasketballinthestadiumjustnow.

A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.shouldn'

t

10.Itbethevocabularythatcausedyoutheproblemintheexercisebecauseyouknowalotofwords.

A.mayB.couldn’tC.shouldD.needn’t

11.---Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit?

----Ofcourse.

A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do

12.Ifyouwanttoborrowafootballafterschool,yourstudentcard______here.

A.hastoleaveB.mustleaveC.hastobeleftD.mustbeleft

13.You______paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskills,asissoimportant.

A.cannotB.shouldC.mustD.neednot

14Seewhoisthere!

______itbeMay?

A.MayB.MustC.CanD.Will

15John______beabasketballplayer.Heismuchtooshort.

A.mayB.mustn’tC.can’tD.should

16.TheChineseteacherlookssopale.She______beill.

A.mustB.mustn’tC.canD.need

17.Something______tosaveourearth.Doyouthinkso?

A.candoB.mustdoC.hastodoD.mustbedone

18.Lookatwhatyouhavedone!

You______bemorecareful.

A.oughtB.canC.wouldD.should

19.—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?

—“Noperson_______smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”

A.willB.mayC.shallD.must

20.—______youbehappy!

—Thesametoyou!

A.WishB.HopeC.MayD.Should

【略有所成】

1.They____havearrivedatlunc

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