医学考博英语完型改错语法课程讲义文档格式.docx

医学考博英语完型改错语法课程讲义文档格式.docx

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　　Oneshouldbe32,however.ofassumingthatsilentreadingcameabout33becausereadingaloudisadistractiontoothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusual34ofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.

　　Thelastcentury35asteadygradualincreaseinliteracy,andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreased,sothenumberofpotentiallistenersdeclined,and36therewassomereductionintheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommon,37cametheflourishingofreadingasaprivateactivityinsuchpublicplacesaslibraries.Railwaycarriagesandoffices,38readingaloudwouldcausedistractiontootherreaders.

　　Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstillconsiderableargumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreatedrespectfully,and39whetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasin40waymentallyweakening.Indeedthisargumentremainswithusstillineducation.However,41itsvirtues,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadership42.

　　Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedto43attitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,44notimpossible,fortheoralreader.Thesocial,cultural,andtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatlyaltered45theterm“reading”implied.

　　31．A.wouldB.shouldC.didD.could

　　32．A.wayB.awareC.sickD.thought

　　33．A.correctlyB.simplyC.amplyD.directly

　　34．A.modeB.modelC.mouldD.mood

　　35．A.sawB.watchedC.experiencedD.concluded

　　36．A.everB.thusC.evenD.for

　　37．A.howeverB.asC.soD.since

　　38．A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.there

　　39．A.ofB.inC.againstD.over

　　40．A.noB.anyC.oneD.some

　　41．A.whereverB.whoeverC.whateverD.whichever

　　42．A.ontheotherB.inthesecondplaceC.onthecontraryD.inhand

　　43．A.adaptB.adoptC.consumeD.condemn

　　44．A.whetherB.thoughC.ifD.unless

　　45．A.thatB.whatC.howD.why

2、标注题型

3、2002年真题

Youfeelgenerallydepressedandunabletoconcentrate.You51ofdailyactivitymaychange:

youfindyourself52andactiveinthemiddleofthenight;

yousleeplateintotheday,whenmostothersareworking.Youstayinyourroomandhavelittlecontactwithpeople53withthosewhospeakyourlanguage.Inyourmind,youcriticizethepeoplearoundyoutheyarerude,loud,unfriendly,uninformed,concernedwithinsignificantthings,54stupid;

youcomplainaboutthemtoanyfriendsyouhave.Youbecome55whenyoucan'

tgointoarestaurantandorderthetypeoffoodyoureallylike;

yougetangrywhentheTVnewscontainsmostlyU.S．newsandverylittleabouteventsthatareimportanttoyou.Youareconstantlymakingcomparisonbetweenlifehereandtheperfectlife56home.Aboveall,youarehomesickalmostallthetime.

　　Ifyoueverfindyourselfbehavinginways57these,youareprobablysufferingfromcultureshock.Cultureshockisapsychological58thatsometimeshasphysicaleffects.Itaffectspeoplewhohavemovedawayfromanenvironmentwheretheyknowhowtolive59anewenvironmentwheremuchisunfamiliartothem—thefood,theweather,thelanguage,andespeciallythe60rulesforsocialbehaviorthatfewpeopleareconsciouslyawareof.

　　51．A.wayB.patternC.methodD.track

　　52．A.sleepyB.happyC.awakeD.sad

　　53．A.forB.lestC.besidesD.except

　　54．A.evenB.merelyC.indeedD.rather

　　55．A.offendedB.uninterestedC.frustratedD.isolated

　　56．A.hereB.thereC.backD.away

　　57．A.thesameasB.differentfromC.similartoD.familiarwith

　　58．A.situationB.conditionC.reflectionD.position

　　59．A.inB.atC.withinD.into

　　60．A.unwrittenB.writtenC.spokenD.secrete

4、2004年真题

　　RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813and51inPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.Atfirstheprosperedbysellinghissmallbut52collectionofearlyU.S．autographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebegan53signaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthenonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessonthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleand54.

　　Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproduces.Aforgercan'

tapproacha55buyermustdealwithpeoplewhodon’thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousethe56paperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.

　　InSpring'

stime,57aftertheCivilWar,BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstate,soSpring58arespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGenera“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'

s59problemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesfromthe60.

　　51．A.arrivedB.migratedC.traveledD.moved

　　52．A.excellentB.genuineC.falseD.rare

　　53．A.originatingB.innovatingC.designingD.imitating

　　54．A.subscriptionB.retentionC.circulationD.accumulation

　　55．A.respectfulB.respectableC.respectiveD.respecting

　　56．A.roughB.fragileC.agedD.preserved

　　57．A.rightB.simplyC.onlyD.late

　　58．A.inventedB.discoveredC.detectedD.located

　　59．A.lawfulB.financialC.administrativeD.criminal

　　60．A.fakesB.realitiesC.originalsD.duplicates

5、2005年真题

InMr.Allen'

shighschoolclass,allthestudentshaveto"

getmarried."

However,theweddingceremoniesarenotrealonesbut51.Thesemockceremoniessometimesbecomeso

_52_thattheloudlaughterdrownsoutthevoiceofthe"

minister."

Eventhetwostudentsgettingmarriedoftenbegintogiggle.

Theteacher,Mr.Allen,believesthatmarriageisadifficultandseriousbusiness.Hewantsyoungpeopletounderstandthattherearemanychangesthat_53_takeplaceaftermarriage.Hebelievesthattheneedforthesepsychologicalandfinancial_54_shouldbeunderstoodbeforepeoplemarry.

Mr.Allendoesn'

tonlyintroducehisstudentstomajorproblems_55_inmarriagesuchasillnessorunemployment.Healsoexposesthemtonitty-grittyproblemstheywillfaceeveryday.

Hewantstointroduceyoungpeopletoallthetrialsand_56_thatcanstrainamarriagetothebreakingpoint.Heeven_57_hisstudentswiththeproblemsofdivorceandthefactthatdivorcedmenmustpaychildsupportmoneyfortheirchildrenandsometimespaymonthlyalimonytotheirwives.

Ithasbeenupsettingforsomeofthestudentstoseetheproblemsthatamarriedcoupleoftenfaces._58_theytookthecourse,theyhadnotworriedmuchabouttheproblemsofmarriage.However,bothstudentsandparentsfeelthatMr.Allen'

scourseisvaluableandhave_59_thecoursepublicly.Theirstatementsandletterssupportingtheclasshave_60_theschooltoofferthecourseagain.

51.A.duplicationsB.imitationsC.assumptionsD.fantasies

52.A.noisyB.artificialC.gracefulD.real

53.A.mightB.wouldC.mustD.need

54.A.issuesB.adjustmentsC.mattersD.expectancies

55.A.tofaceB.facingC.havingfacedD.faced

56.A.tribulationsB.errorsC.triumphsD.verdicts

57.A.informsB.concernsC.familiarizesD.associated

58.A.UntilB.BeforeC.AfterD.As

59.A.takenB.suggestedC.endorsedD.reproached

60.A.confirmedB.convincedC.compromisedD.conceived

6、2006年真题

Cultureshockmightbecalledanoccupationaldiseaseofpeoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplantedabroad.Likemostailments,ithasitsownsymptomsandcure. 

Cultureshockisprecipitatedbythe51thatresultsfromlosingallourfamiliarsignsandsymbolsofsocial 

intercourse.

Thosesignsor 

cuesincludethethousandandonewaysinwhichwe52ourselvestothesituationofdailylife:

whentoshakehandsandwhattosaywhenwemeetpeople,whenandhowtogivetips,howtomakepurchases,whentoacceptandwhento53invitations,whentotakestatementsseriouslyand54.

Thesecues,whichmaybewords,gestures,facialexpressions,customs,ornorms,areacquiredbyallofusinthecourseofgrowingupandare55apartofourcultureasthelanguagewespeakorthebeliefsweaccept.

Allofusdepend56ourpeaceofmindandourefficiencyonhundredsofthesecues,mostofwhichwedonotcarry57consciousawareness. 

Nowwhenanindividualentersastrangeculture,allormostof 

thesefamiliarcuesare58.Heorsheislikeafishoutofwater.

Nomatterhowbroad-mindedorfullofgoodwillyoumaybe,aseriesofpropshavebeenknocked59you,followedbyafeelingoffrustrationandanxiety.

Peoplereacttothefrustrationinmuchthesameway.Firsttheyrejecttheenvironmentwhichcausesthediscomfort.“Thewaysofthehostcountryarebadbecauseth