山东省潍坊市届高三高考模拟二模考试英语试题word版Word文档格式.docx

山东省潍坊市届高三高考模拟二模考试英语试题word版Word文档格式.docx

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注意：

回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。

听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；

每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，，

A

BroadBand:

byClaireL.Evans.Portfolio，2018（$27）

Thoughoftenoutnumberedbymen，womenstayedincheboomingfieldofcomputing.Inthisinspiringtale，writerEvansrecordsthecontributionsofsomeofthemanywomenwhoaidedtheriseofthemodernInlernet.MemorablecharactersincludeElizabeth"

Jake"

Feinler，aninformationscientistwhohelpedresearchersnavigatetheArpaneandStacyHorn，whostartedoneofthefirstsocialnetworks，Echo.

TheWizardandtheProphet:

byCharlesC.Mann.Knopf，2018（$28.95）

Thehumanpopulationismovingtoward10billion-someexpertstliinkwe'

llnearlyhitthatmarkby2050.Howwill.theearthfeed，houseandotherwisesupportsuchacrowd?

Environmentalthinkersusuallyfallintooneoftwocamps:

thosewhopreferconservationand'

controllingconsumption，likeWilliam

Vogt，andthosewhotrustinnovationtosolveourproblems，NormanBorlaug，forexample.WriterManncarefullyrecordsthelivesandthoughtofthefoundersofthesetwophilosophies.

ALabofOne'

sOwn:

byPatriciaFara.OxfordUniversityPtess，2018（$24.95）

InWorldWarImanywomenintheU.K.replacedtheirapronswithchemicalsuitsandsteppedintopreviouslymale-onlyfieldsofscience，wheretheyledwarresearchefforts.SciencehistorianFaraillustratesthelivesofmanyoftheseforgottenwomen.Althoughtheeramarkedamajorstepforwardforwomenscientists，manyworkedforsmallwagesinanenvironmentofdiscrimination.Inthenearly100yearssince，womenhavecomealongway，Farawrites，buttheglassceilingsremainsolidandthepipelinesleaky.

AtomLand:

byJonButterworth.TheExperiment，2018（$19.95）

Butterworthtakesreadersonanamusingjourneythroughtheunknownworldofparticle（粒子）physics.Thefirststopis"

AtomLand，"

whereButterworthexplainshowelectrons，protonsandneutronscometogethertobuildupeverythingweknow.Asthejoumeyunfolds，welearnaboutlesser-knownparticles.Thankfully，ourshipisequippedwithtoolssuchasmathematicalequations（方程式）anda"

laserlight"

thatlightsupthedarkestofconcepts.

21.Whofocusesonthefutureofourearth?

A.ClaireL.Evans.B.CharlesC.Mann.

C.PatriciaFara.D.JonButterworth.

22.Whichbookswillyouprobablyreadifyouareinterestedinwomen'

scareer?

A.BroadBand&

AtomLand.

B.TheWizardandtheProphet&

C.BroadBan.d&

ALabofOne'

sOwn.

D.ALabofOne'

sOwn&

23.What'

sthepurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toclarifysomeconcepts.

B.Toiritroducesomefamouswriters.

C.Togivethebookreviews.

D.Torecommendthebooks.

B

AdrianLamo，aColombian-Americanthreatanalystandformerhacker，diedinSedgwic-kCounty，KansasonFriday，attheageof37.HewasbestknownforpassingoninformationthatledtothearrestofChelseaManning.

Lamofirstgainedmediaattentionintheearly2000sforbreakingintoseveralhigh-profilecomputernetworks，includingthoseofTheNewYorkTimes，Yahoo，andMicrosoft，endinginhis2003arrestwhenheeventuallyturnedhimselfin.

However，Lamogained.worldwideillreputationin2010fordisclosingtotheFBIthattheU.S.soldierrChelseaManninghadleakedconfidentialinformationtoWikileaks.ManninghadreachedouttoLamoviaamessagin8appandtoldhimthathehadgainedaccesstohundredsofthousandsofclassifieddocumentsandhadleakedtoWikileaksavideoofU.S.militaryforcesinahelicoptermachinemadlygunningdownjournalistsandIraqicivilians.But，LamochosetoreporthimandinformedtheU.S.militaryoftheleak.

HeldresponsibleforthebiggestleakofclassifieddatainU.S.history，Manningwasdeclaredguiltybycourtmartialandwassentencedto35yearsinprison，butwasgrantedmercybyformerPresidentBarackObama，whosaidhisprisontermwas"

disproportionate"

.

LookingbackonhisdecisiontogiveupManning，LamotoldUSNewsandWorldReportin2017thatitwas"

nothismosthonorablemoment"

However，headdedthathehadleamedalotfromtheexperience，includingthat"

youcan'

treallyknowapersonortheirmotivesunlessyou'

vesatwheretheysatandseenthesituationthroughtheireyes，nomatterhowmuchyoubelieveyoudo"

24.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A.Abiography.B.Afiction.

C.Anewsrepmt.D.Acriticalessay.

25.WhatmadeAdrianLamohaveabadnameallovertheworld?

A.TumingFBIin.

B.GivingupChelseaManning.

C.Hackingsomefamousnetworks.

D.LeakingmilitaryinformationtoWikileaks.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"

dispropmtionate"

meaninparagraph4？

A.Fair.B.Ambiguous.C.Improper.D.Acceptable.

27.WhatdoesAdrianLamoimplybyhiswordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.PutyourseKinothers'

shoes.

C.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.

D.Don'

tjudgeapersonbyhi8appearance.

C

Chsrityissimpleintheory:

Aheartwarms，ahandreache8out.Inpractice，though，charitycanbecomeatroubledmixofmotivesandconsequences.Givingcanbedrivenbyguilt，duty，praise,orperhapsthehopethatSpivingwillsomehowmakeupforpastcrueltyorignorance.Toolittlecharityisfarlessthanvaluable.Toomuchcancausedependencewhichmakesthereceiver

Continuouslyaskformore.

Givingfromtheheartisgood.Butcriticshavelongworriedaboutmisdirectedcharitythatdosemoreharmthangood.Inhis2012book，"

HarmfulCharity:

HowChurchesandCharitiesHurtThoseTheyHelp（AndHowtoSolvetheProblem），"

RobertLupton，anexperiencedsocialworkerof40yearsofcommunityworkininner-cityAtlanta，arguesthatcharitymustnotdoforthepoorwhattheycandoforthemselves.

Duetoemergenciessuchasnaturaldisasters，theafterwardfinancialaidisgreatlywelcome.Mr.Luptonadvocatesitshouldfocusonthedevelopmentofself-supporting.Thetaskcanbecarriedoutvia，forinstance，offeringmicroloans，hiringlocalbuildersandsuppliers，andtryingtofoundself-supported，locallyownedandoperatedenterprises.Whatseldomworks，heargues，areuntargetedhandoutsfromfar-offprovidersandthesuddenarrivalofinexperiencedvolunteer-touristshopingtoearnpersonalreputationbydiggingwellsormendingroofsthatlocalsareperfectlyabletotakecareofthemselves.

Gettingcharityrightisn'

teasy.ButfrommoneyraisingtotheboominvolunteeringamongMillennials（千禧一代），fromtheincreasingworldwidewillingnesstogivetotheeffortsbycharityorganizationstobecomemoreeffectiveandfruitful，thereisstrongevidencethathumanbeings'

abilityoftakingcareofothersisgrowingalongwiththeirabilitytohelpwithoutharming.

Charitycanbeassimpleasholdingthedoorforastrangerandascomplexasaglobalcampaigntogetridofmalaria（疟疾）.Charityworksbestwhenitretumstheweaktostrength，whenithelpsasmalltownshakenbyaheavyearthquakegetbackonitsfeet.Asuccessfulcharityisonethateventuallyisnolongerneeded.

28.Whyhavecriticsworriedaboutmisdirectedcharity?

A.Itmaydoharmtoreceivers.

B.Itmaycauseindependence.

C.Itcanbedrivenbyguilt.

D.Itcanbeencouragedbyduty.

29.Whatcanbeaproperwaytogivecharityintimeofnaturaldisasters?

A.Hiringfar-offvolunteers.

B.Diggingwellsforvictims.

C.Givingoutuntargetedhandouts.

D.Helpinglocalstobeself-supported.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?

A.It'

seasytogivecharitywithoutharming.

B.Millennialsarevolunteeringtoraisemoney..

C.People'

sabilityofgiving;

charityisimproving.

D.Charityorganizations.arespreadingallovertheworld.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Theworldisinneedofcharity.

B.It'

snecessarytogetcharityright.

C.Charitydo.esmoregoodthanharm.

D.Givingcharityishelpingourselves.

D

KaitlinWoolleyandAyeletFishbachreportinPsychologicalSciencethatamealtaken"

family-style"

fromacentralplatecangreatlyimprovetheoutcomeoflaternegotiations.

Havingconductedpreviousresearchin2017revealingthateatingsimilarfoodsledtopeoplefeelingemotionallyclosertooneanother，DrWoolleyandDrFishbachwonderedwhetherthewayinwhichfoodwasservedalsohadapsychologicaleffect.Theytheorizedthat，ontheonehand，sharingfoodwithotherpeoplemightindicatefoodscarcity（短缺）andincreaseafeelingofcompetition.However，theyalsoreasonedthatitcouldinsteadleadpeopletobecomemoreawareofothers'

needsanddrivecooperativebehaviorasaresult.Curioustofindout，theydidaseriesofexperiments.

Forthefirsttesttheyrecruited100pairsofparticipantsfromalocalcafe，noneofwhomkneweachother.Theparticipantswereseatedatatableandfedtortillachipswithsalsa.Halfthepairsweregiventheirownbasketof20gramsofchipsandabowlof25gramsofsalsa，andhalfweregiven40gramsofchipsand50gramsofsalsatoshare.Asacoverfortheexperiment，allparticipantsweretoldthissnackwastobeconsumedbeforethegamebegan.

Thegameaskedtheparticipantstonegotiateanhourlywagerateduringafictionalstrike.Eachpersonwasrandomlyassignedtorepresenttheunionormanagementandfollowasetofrules.

Theresearchersmeasuredcooperationbynotingthenumberofroundsittooktoreachanagreement，andfoundthatthosewho