外研版高三英语一轮总复习课时训练16Word文档格式.docx
《外研版高三英语一轮总复习课时训练16Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《外研版高三英语一轮总复习课时训练16Word文档格式.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
[答案] citizen
9.Ourparentsare__________(concern)aboutoursafetywhenweleavehome.
[答案] concerned
10.The__________(majority)studentscomefromthecountryside.
[答案] major
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Thegoodshavebeenreceived,butwehavetomakeacomplainaboutpackingthoughweregrettodoso.____________
[答案] complain→complaint
2.Whenthefirebrokeoutintheship,Sallywasfrighteningoutofherwits.____________
[答案] frightening→frightened
3.LastyearIwenttoBeijing,whereIgotcaughtontrafficjamonenight.____________
[答案] on→in
4.Herearesometalltrees,andvillagersaregoingtocutdownforbuildingmaterials.____________
[答案] cut后加them
5.Shewon'
tshowanyevidenceunlessbeingaskedto.____________
[答案] 去掉being
6.Therearesuchmanypeopletherethatwecouldn'
tgetthrough.____________
[答案] such→so
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2017·
全国卷Ⅲ)Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.
GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.
Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations—majorfoodsources(来源)forthewolf—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'
sredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark'
sbeavers.
Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.
Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheUSFishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.
语篇解读:
本文介绍了以前灰狼遍地的黄石国家公园,由于人为的原因灰狼逐渐消失,从而造成了一系列不良后果,破坏了当地生态的平衡,为了维持生态平衡,现在人们又鼓励重新引入灰狼。
1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.
B.PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.
C.Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.
D.ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.
[解析] 主旨大意题。
本文的主旨在第一段,讲述为了维持生态平衡,灰狼被重新引入黄石国家公园。
[答案] D
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inParagraph2mean?
A.Tested.B.Separated.
C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.
[解析] 词义猜测题。
画线词所在的前半句句意为“以前到处可以见到灰狼”,后面提到“灰狼实际上已经消失了”,故可推知displace意为“迫使……离开家园”。
[答案] C
3.Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?
A.Damagetolocalecology.
B.Adeclineinthepark'
sincome.
C.Preservationofvegetation.
D.Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.
[解析] 推理判断题。
根据文章第三段内容可知,赶走灰狼造成的结果是其它小动物快速繁殖,从而造成植被破坏,导致了当地生态受损。
[答案] A
4.Whatistheauthor'
sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?
A.Doubtful.B.Positive.
C.Disapproving.D.Uncaring.
[解析] 观点态度题。
根据文章最后一句中的关键词valuable不难看出作者对引入灰狼这件事持积极的态度,故选B项。
[答案] B
Ⅳ.完形填空
高考命题专家原创卷三)Amarinebiologistplacedasharkintoalargeholdingtankandthenreleasedseveralsmallbaitfishintothetank.Theresultmetyour____1____,thesharkquicklyswamacrossthetank,attackedandatethesmallerfish.
Thebiologistthen____2____astrongpieceoffiberglassintothetank,creatingtwo____3____parts.Shethenputthesharkononesideofthe____4____fiberglassandanewsetofbaitfishontheother.____5____,thesharkquicklyattacked.Butthistime,theshark____6____becauseitknockedhardagainstthefiberglass____7____.Determined,thesharkkept____8____thisbehavioreveryfewminutes,but____9____.Meanwhile,thebaitfishswamaround____10____inthesecondpart.Eventually,theshark____11____hopeofhunting.Thisexperimentwascarriedoutseveraltimes.Eachtime,thesharkgotless____12____andmadefewerattemptstoattackthefish,untilit____13____hittingthefiberglassandsimplystoppedattacking.Thebiologistthen____14____thefiberglass,butthesharkdidn'
tattack.Thesharkwastrainedtobelievea____15____existedbetweenitandthebaitfish,____16____thebaitfishcouldswimwherevertheywished,freefromharm.
Manyofus,afterexperiencingsetbacksandfailures,____17____giveupandstoptrying.Likethesharkinthestory,webelievethat____18____wewereunsuccessfulinthepast,wewillalwaysbeunsuccessful.____19____,evenwhenno“real”obstacleexistsbetweenwhereweareandwherewewanttogo,we____20____seeobstaclesinourheads.
本文是夹叙夹议文。
一位海洋生物学家做了一个小实验,作者由这个实验发出感慨:
我们中的许多人经历过挫折和失败后,就从情感上放弃尝试。
1.A.demandsB.expectations
C.schedulesD.requirements
[解析] 实验结果在你的预料(expectations)之中。
demand“要求,需要”;
schedule“工作计划,日程安排”;
requirement“要求,必要条件”。
2.A.changedB.added
C.insertedD.crashed
[解析] 然后这位生物学家把一块坚固的玻璃纤维插入(inserted)这个水箱里,制造出两个分开的部分。
add“添加”,常与介词to搭配使用。
3.A.separateB.opposite
C.connectedD.relevant
[解析] 参见上题解析。
separate“分开的”;
opposite“对面的,迥然不同的”;
connected“相连的”;
relevant“紧密相关的”。
4.A.delicateB.hidden
C.transparentD.flexible
[解析] 根据语境可知,这边的鲨鱼可以看到对面的用作诱饵的鱼,因此生物学家插入水箱的玻璃纤维是透明的(transparent)。
delicate“易碎的”;
hidden“隐藏的”;
flexible“可弯曲的,有弹性的”。
5.A.YetB.Meanwhile
C.InsteadD.Again
[解析] 根据第一段中的“attacked”可知,此处应表示再一次(Again),鲨鱼快速对用作诱饵的鱼发起了攻击。
6.A.bouncedB.paused
C.withdrewD.leapt
[解析] 但是这一次,鲨鱼被弹了起来,因为它重重地撞上了玻璃纤维分隔板。
bounce“(使)弹起,弹跳”,符合语境。
pause“停顿”;
withdraw“撤回,撤离”;
leap“跳跃”。
7.A.trapperB.catcher
C.testerD.divider
divider“分隔物,分开物”,符合语境。
trapper“捕杀动物者”;
catcher“捕捉器,接球手”;
tester“测试员,测试器,试用品”。
8.A.accomplishingB.repeating
C.copyingD.strengthening
[解析] 根据上文中的“Determined”和下文中的“Thisexperimentwascarriedoutseveraltimes.Eachtime,thesharkgotless____12____andmadefewerattemptstoattackthefish”可知,一开始,鲨鱼不断重复(repeating)这一行为。
accomplish“完成”;
copy“复制,模仿”;
strengthen“加强”。
9.A.inorderB.invain
C.insecretD.inpain
[解析] 尽管鲨鱼不断重复这一行为,但都是白费力气。
invain“徒劳,白费力气”,符合语境。
inorder“井然有序,适当”;
insecret“秘密地,暗中”;
inpain“痛苦地”。
10.A.unaccustomedB.unchallenged
C.unharmedD.unnoticed
[解析] 上文提到鲨鱼攻击用作诱饵的鱼的企图都失败了,因此,此处表示“用作诱饵的鱼毫发无伤地四处游动”。
本段最后一句“thebaitfishcouldswimwherevertheywished,freefromharm”也是提示。
unaccustomed“不习惯,不适应”;
unchallenged“未受到过质疑的,未受到过挑战的”;
unnoticed“未被注意到的”。
11.A.divorcedB.declined
C.raisedD.abandoned
[解析] 最终,鲨放弃了(abandoned)捕猎到用作诱饵的鱼的希望。
divorce“使脱离”;
decline“拒绝”;
raise“提高”。
12.A.blindB.aggressive
C.alertD.arbitrary
[解析] 每一次,鲨鱼的攻击性都会变得更弱一点。
aggressive“侵略的,挑衅的”,符合语境。
blind“盲目的”;
alert“警觉的”;
arbitary“任意的”。
13.A.gotoccupiedwithB.gotinvolvedin
C.gottiredofD.gotusedto
[解析] 根据下文中的“andsimplystoppedattacking...butthesharkdidn'
tattack”可知,鲨鱼厌倦了(gottiredof)撞击玻璃纤维。
getoccupiedwith“忙于”;
getinvolvedin“卷入”。
14.A.readjustedB.restored
C.replacedD.removed
[解析] 然后,生物学家移除了(removed)玻璃纤维,但是鲨鱼仍不攻击。
readjust“再次调整”;
restore“恢复”;
replace“替换”。
15.A.barrierB.distance
C.gapD.distinction
[解析] 鲨鱼被训练得相信它和用作诱饵的鱼之间有障碍物(barrier),因此(玻璃纤维被移除后)小鱼无所顾忌地四处游动,不受攻击。
distance“距离”;
gap“间隙”;
distinction“区别”。
16.A.soB.but
C.asD.for
前后句之间是因果关系,前面是因,后面是果,故选择连词so。
17.A.readilyB.intentionally
C.emotionallyD.physically
[解析] 我们中的许多人,在经历挫折和失败后,会从情感上(emotionally)选择放弃,并停止尝试。
readily“快捷地,轻而易举地”;
intentionally“有意地”;
physically“身体上地”。
18.A.becauseB.though
C.unlessD.while
[解析] 好比这个故事中的鲨鱼,我们认为因为我们过去失败过,所以就永远不会成功。
此处应用because引导原因状语从句。
19.A.AboveallB.Inotherwords
C.AsaresultD.Inconclusion
[解析] 换句话说(Inotherwords),我们不断(constantly)在我们的脑中看到障碍,即使我们所在的位置和我们想要达到的位置之间并没有“真正的”障碍。
aboveall“最重要的是”;
asaresult“结果”;
inconclusion“总之”。
20.A.abruptlyB.constantly
C.eventuallyD.occasionally
abruptly“突然”;
eventually“最终”;
occasionally“偶尔”。
Ⅴ.短文改错
宁夏石嘴山三中月考)Asisoftenthecase,whenpeopleareattendingtomeetings,havingmealsorwaitingforbuses,youcanalwaysfindthemattendingtotheirphones,completelyignoringothers.
Thisisareallycommonlyphenomenoninourlife.ThereasoniswhysmartphonesnowadayscanbeusedforpeopletoplaymobilegamesandkeptintouchwithfriendsthroughQQandWeChat.Therefore,toomuchexposuretophonesarebadforpeopleintermsofhealth.Moreover,peopleinvolvedinphonesfailtocommunicatewellwiththesearoundthem.
AsfarasIamconcerned,peopleshouldwiselymakeuseoftheirphonestohelptheirworkandstudy.Meanwhile,caremuchabouttheirfamilyandfriendsratherthanmobilephones.
[答案]