外研高中必修五课文与翻译Word格式文档下载.docx

外研高中必修五课文与翻译Word格式文档下载.docx

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intheStateschipsareverythinandaresoldinpackets.TheBritishcallthesecrisps.ThechipstheBritishknowandloveareFrenchfriesontheothersideoftheAtlantic.

Haveorhavegot?

Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar,too.TheBritishsayHaveyougot...?

AnAmericanmightsayMyfriendjustarrived,butaBritishpersonwouldsayMyfriendhasjustarrived.Prepositions,too,canbedifferent:

compareontheteam,ontheweekend（American）withintheteam,attheweekend（British）.TheBritishuseprepositionswhereAmericanssometimesomitthem（I'

llseeyouMondayWritemesoon）

Colourorcolour?

Theothertwoareasinwhichthetwovarietiesdifferarespellingandpronunciation.Americanspellingseemssimpler:

center,colorandprograminsteadofcentre,colourandprogramme.ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedfourhundredyearsago.Theaccent,whichismostsimilartoBritishEnglish,canbeheardontheEastCoastoftheUS.WhentheIrishwriterGeorgeBernardShawmadethefamousremarkthattheBritishandtheAmericansaretwonationsdividedbyacommonlanguage,hewasobviouslythinkingaboutthedifferences.Butaretheyreallysoimportant?

Afterall,thereisprobablyasmuchvariationofpronunciationwithinthetwocountriesasbetweenthem.ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.

TurnontheTV

Someexpertsbelievethatthetwovarietiesaremovingclosertogether.FormorethanacenturycommunicationsacrosstheAltantichavedevelopedsteadily.Sincethe1980s,withsatelliteTVandtheInternet,ithasbeenpossibletolistentoBritishandAmericanEnglishattheflickofaswitch.Thisnon-stopcommunication,theexpertsthink,hasmadeiteasierforBritishpeopleandAmericanstounderstandeachother.ButithasalsoledtolotsofAmericanwordsandstructurespassingintoBritishEnglishsothatsomepeoplebelievethatBritishEnglishwilldisappear.

However,ifyouturnonCNN,theAmericanTVnetwork,youfindnewsreadersandweatherforecastersallspeakingwithdifferentaccents---American,British,Australian,andevenSpanish.Oneofthebest-knownfaces,MonitaRajpal,wasborninHongKong,China,andgrewupspeakingChineseandPunjabi,aswellasEnglish.

Thisinternationaldimensionsuggeststhatinthefuture,therearegoingtobemany"

Englishes"

notjusttwomainvarieties.Butthemessageis"

Don'

tworry."

UsersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother--wherevertheyare.

必修五Module2

TheHumanTrafficSignal

At3500meters,LaPaz,inBolivia,isthehighestcapitalintheworld.Lifeishardathighaltitude,andthemountainsmakecommunicationsdifficult.Manyroadsareinbadconditionandaccidentsarefrequent.Oneroadinparticular,whichgoesnorthfromLaPaz,isconsideredthemostdangerousroadintheworld.Ononesidethemountainsrisesteeply:

ontheothersidethereisasheerdrop,whichinplacesishundredsofmetresdeep.Althoughthereisnotalotoftraffic,onaverage,onevehiclecomesofftheroadeverytwoweeks.Thedropissogreatthatanyoneinsidethevehicleisluckytosurvive.Intheory,theroadcanonlybeusedbytrafficgoinguphillfrom8inthemorning,andbytrafficcomingdownhillfrom3intheafternoon.Butinpractice,fewdriversrespecttherules.

Butthankstooneman,thedeathtollhasfallen.TimoteoApazaisagentle46-year-oldmanwholivesinavillagenearthemostdangerouspartoftheroad,knownlocallyaslacurvadeldiablo（theDevil'

sBend）.Timoteohasanunusualjob-heisahumantrafficsignal.Everymorningheclimbsuptothebendwithalargecircularboardinhishand.Theboardisredononesideandgreenontheother.Timoteostandson 

thebendanddirectsthetraffic.Whentwovehiclesapproachfromoppositedirectionstheycan'

tseeeachother,buttheycanseeTimoteo.Timoteoisavolunteer.Nooneaskedhimto 

dothejob,andnoonepayshimforit.Sometimesdriversgivehimatip,sothathehasjustenoughmoneytoliveon.Butoftentheyjustpassby,takinghehumantrafficsignalforgranted.

Sowhydoeshedoit?

Beforehevolunteertodirectthetraffic,Timoteohadhadlotsofjobs.Hehadbeenamineranda 

soldier.Thenonedaywhilehewasworkingasalorrydriverhe 

hadacloseencounterwithdeath.Hewasdrivinga 

lorryloadofbannanaswhenhecameofftheroadata 

bendandfellthreehundredmetresdownthemountain.Somehowhesurvived.Hewasinhospitalformonths.Then,afewyearslater,hewascalledoutinthenighttohelppullpeopleoutofabuswhichhadcrashedatlacurvadeldiablo.ThislastexperiencehadaprofoundeffectonTimoteo.Herealisedthathewasluckytobealivehimself,andfeltthatitwashismissioninlifetohelpothers.Andsoeverymorning,weekin,weekout,fromdawntodusk,Timoteotakesuphisplaceonthebendanddirectsthetraffic.

必修五Module3

thesteamboat

Therewasabigstormaftermidnightandtherainpoureddown.Westayedinsidetheshelterwehadbuiltandlettheraftsaildowntheriver.

Suddenly,bythelightofthelightning,wesawsomethinginthemiddleoftheriver.Itlookedlikeahouseatfirst,butthenwerealizeditwasasteamboat.Ithadhitarockandwashalfinandhalfoutofthewater.Weweresailingstraighttowardsit.

"

Itlooksasifit'

llgoundersoon,"

Jimsaid,afteracoupleofminutes.

"

Let'

sgoandtakealook,"

Isaid.

Idon'

twanttoboardasinkingship,"

saidJim,butwhenIsuggestedthatwemightfindsomethingusefulontheboat,heagreedtogo.Sowepaddledoverandclimbedontothesteamboat,keepingasquietasmice.Toourastonishment,therewasalightinoneofthecabins.Thenweheardsomeoneshout,"

Ohpleaseboys,don'

tkillme!

Iwon'

ttellanybody!

Aman'

sangryvoiceanswered,"

You'

relying.Yousaidthatlasttime.We'

regoingtokillyou."

Whenheheardthesewords,Jimpanickedandrantotheraft.ButalthoughIwasfrightened,Ialsofeltverycurious,soIputmyheadround

thedoor.itwasquitedark,butIcouldseeamanlyingonthefloor,tiedupwithrope.Thereweretwomenstandingoverhim.Onewasshort,withabeard.Theotherwastallandhadsomethinginhishandthatlookedlikeagun.

'

I'

vehadenoughofyou.I'

mgoingtoshootyounow,"

thismansaid.Hewasobviouslytheonewhohadthreatenedthemanonthefloor.Anditwasagunhehadinhishand.

No,don'

tdothat,"

saidtheshortman."

sleavehimhere.Thesteamboatwillsinkinacoupleofhoursandhe'

llgodownwithit."

Whenheheardthat,thefrightenedmanonthefloorstartedcrying."

He

soundsasifhe'

sgoingtodieoffright!

Ithought."

Ihavetofindawaytosavehim!

Icrawledalongthedeck,foundJim,andtoldhimwhatIhadheard."

We

mustfindtheirboatandtakeitaway,thenthey'

llhavetostayhere,"

Isaid.Jimlookedterrified."

mnotstayinghere,"

hesaid.ButIpersuadedhim

tohelpme,andwefoundthemen'

sboattiedtotheothersideofthesteamboat.Weclimbedquietlyinandaswepaddledawayweheard

thetwomenshouting.Bythenwewereasafedistanceaway.Butnow

Ibegantofeelbadaboutwhatwehaddone.Ididn'

twantallthreemen

todie.

必修五Module4

TheMagicoftheMask 

Thinkofcarnival,andyouthinkofcrowds,costumes,andconfusion.Thesoundsandsightschangefromonecountrytoanotherbuttheexcitementisthesameeverywhere.

“Carnival”comesfromtwoLatinwords,meaning“nomoremeat”.InEurope,whereitbegan,carnivalwasfollowedbyfortydayswithoutmeat,aspeoplepreparedfortheChristianfestivalofEaster.PeoplesawCarnivalasalastchancetohavefunattheendofthewinterseason.Havingfunmeanteating,drinking,anddressingup.

ThemostfamouscarnivalinEuropewasinVenice.Atthebeginning,itlastedforjustoneday.Peopleate,drank,andworemasks.Astimepassed,however,thecarnivalperiodwasextended,sothatitbeganjustafterChristmas.Forweeksonendpeoplewalkedroundthestreetswearingmasks,doingwhattheywantedwithoutbeingrecognised.Ordinarypeoplecouldpretendtoberichandimportant,whilefamouspeoplecouldhaveromanticadventuresinsecret.Manycrimeswentunpunished.

Thegovernmentrealisedthatwearingmaskshadbecomeaproblem.Theirusewaslimitedbylaws,thefirstofwhichdatesbacktothefourteenthcentury.Menwerenotallowedtowearmasksatnight;

andtheywerenotallowedtodressupaswomen.Inlatertimesmorelawswerepassed.Peoplewhoworemaskscouldnotcarryfirearms;

andnoonecouldenterachurchwearingamask.Iftheybrokethelaws,theywereputintoprisonforuptotwoyears.Finally,whenVenicebecamepartoftheAustr