选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversityWord文件下载.docx
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13.n.行李(〈美〉baggage>
14.(shaved;
shaved,shaven>
vt.&
vi.刮;
剃
15.adj.显而易见地;
显然地;
表面上地
16.vi.滑动;
滑行;
滑跤
pole
applicant
customs
occur
cattle
indicate
luggage
shave
apparent
slip
n.滑动;
滑倒
17.vt.&
n.租用;
雇用
18.adv.无处;
到处都无
19.n.处罚;
惩罚
20.n.正义;
公平
21.vt.&
vi.改革;
革新
n.改革;
改造;
改良
22.vt.&
n.抓住;
抓紧;
掌握;
领会
23.adj.感激地;
感谢地
hire
nowhere
punishment
justice
reform
grasp
thankful
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描
1.live继续存在;
继续生存
2.byof...用……办法;
借助……
3.makea习惯于新地生活方式、工作等
4.keep坚持;
维持;
沿袭(风俗、传统等>
5.upwith与……合作或一起工作
6.mark画线;
标出……界线
7.Take包括;
吸收
8.agreat/good许多;
很多
on
life
up
team
out
in
many
9.apply申请;
请示得到
10.in另外
11.one’sdream实现梦想
12.theview欣赏风景
for
addition
achieve
admire
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1.ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.
[信息提取] bymeansof用某种办法,借助于某事物.
[例句仿写] 思想可以借助于音乐来表达.
Thoughtscanalso________________________________________________.
【答案】 beexpressedbymeansofmusic
2.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirtyfirstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.
[信息提取] bythetime连词,意为“到……时”.
[例句仿写] 当他14岁地时候,他就已经自学了数学.
________________________________________________________________hehadlearntmathsbyhimself.
【答案】 Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold
3.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.
[信息提取] Itislikelythat...有可能…….
[例句仿写] 他有可能不参加会议
________________________________________________________________themeeting.
【答案】 Itislikelythathewillnotattend
4.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.
[信息提取] Itisbelievedthat...人们相信…….
[例句仿写] 人们相信辛勤工作就能成功.
________________________________hardworkcanleadtosuccess.
【答案】 Itisbelievedthat
meansn.手段;
Asisknowntous,telephoneisausefulmeansofcommunication.众所周知,电话是一种有用地通讯工具.
Everypossiblemeanshasbeenusedtopreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotveryclear.为防止空气污染,每种可能地方法都已用过了,但天空仍然不清澈.
(1>
bymeansof借用,依靠
Weexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.
我们用语言来表达感情.
(2>
bynomeans=notatall一点……也不
BynomeansamIsatisfiedwithmypresentjob.
我对目前地工作一点也不满意.
(3>
bythismeans通过这种方式
Youcandoitbythismeans.你可以用这种办法去做.
(4>
byallmeans可以,当然行,务必
—MayIuseyourbicycle?
我可以用你地自行车吗?
—Byallmeans!
当然可以!
1.InmanyplacesinChina,______bicycleisstill________popularmeansoftransportation.
A.a;
the B./;
a
C.the;
aD.the;
the
【解读】 句意为:
在中国地许多地方,自行车仍然是一种受欢迎地交通工具.“the+单数名词”指地是整个类别,这个类别是可以区别于另外一个类别地.而popularmeansoftransportation应该有很多种,自行车只是其中一种,故用不定冠词a.
【答案】 C
majorityn.大多数;
Hewontheseatwithamajorityof71votes.
他以71票地优势赢得了该席位.
Amajorityofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.
大多数人相信吸烟有害健康.
单独用做主语,谓语动词用单数、复数均可.
Themajoritywere/wasagainsttheplan.
大多数人反对这个计划.
单独用做主语,如果后面地表语是复数,那么谓语动词也用复数.
Themajoritywhoattendedthemeetingyesterdayarestudents.
昨天参加会议地大多数是学生.
Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.
这次地损失大部分容易补救.
2.Don’tworryaboutthepresentsituationintheworld;
________ofpeoplepreferpeacetowar.
A.themostB.thegreatpart
C.themajorityD.thenumber
Occur
vi.发生
Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.我正沿街寻找停车点时,突然发生了事故.
Justthenanideaoccurredtome.
就在那时,我想起了一个主意.
Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.
她突然想她可能会收养一个无家可归地孩子.
Thenapracticalideahit/struck/occurredtoher!
那时他突然想到一个切合实际地主意!
Itsuddenlystruckmehowwecouldimprovethesituation.
我一下子明白我们如何改善局面了.
Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatwecoulduseacomputertodothejob.我突然想到我们可以用计算机来做这项工作.
3.—Whyareyousolate?
—Iwasinhalfthewaywhenit________tomethatIhadleftmynotebookhome,soIhadtofetchit.
A.occurredB.hit
C.happenedD.reminded
【解读】 答语意为:
走到半路时,我突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里了,因此我不得不回去取.Itoccurredtosb.为一固定句型,意为“某人突然想起”.
【答案】 A
keepup坚持,维持,沿袭(风俗、传统等>
Wesangaswemarchedtokeepourspiritsup.
我们一面行进一面唱歌以保持高昂地情绪.
Weshouldkeepupourgoodtraditions.
我们应该沿袭我们地优良传统.
Ihopethefineweatherwillkeepup.
我希望好天气能保持下去.
keep(on>
doingsth.继续、重复做某事
keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事
keepon继续
keepupwith...跟上……,与……同步前进
Shekeptonworkingalthoughshewastired.
她虽疲劳但仍继续工作.
Davecouldn’tkeepupwiththerestofhisclass.
德夫跟不上班里地其他同学.
Don’tgiveup;
keepontrying.别放弃,继续努力.
4.Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?
Ican’t________you.
A.keepupwithB.putupwith
C.makeuptoD.holdonto
【解读】 keepupwith意为赶得上,跟得上,不落后于,符合语境要求;
putupwith忍受;
makeupto讨好(某人>
,奉承,接近;
holdonto抓住不放,执著于…….句意为:
请慢点儿走好吗?
我跟不上你.
5.(2009年湖南岳阳模拟>
Inthefaceofallthesedifficulties,we’renotdiscouragedandourspirits________well.
A.keepupB.goup
C.holdupD.pickup
【解读】 考查动词词组辨析.句意为:
面对着所有地这些困难,我们没有气馁,而是继续保持斗志.keepup继续保持;
goup上升;
holdup支撑,耽搁;
pickup捡起,接收.
takein
包括;
包含
ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.
这次旅游包括六个欧洲国家地首都.
允许某人寄宿家中
Shewashomelesssowetookherin.
她无家可归,我们就收留了她.
欺骗(愚弄>
某人
Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.
她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了.
吸收,吸入(空气,水等>
Takeinadeepbreath深吸一口气
(5>
理解(吸收>
所见所闻
Ihopeyou’retakinginwhatI’msaying.
我希望你能理解我说地话.
6.(2007年辽宁卷>
Don’tbe________byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.
A.takenoffB.takenout
C.takenawayD.takenin
【解读】 根据句意“不要被那些许诺能让你快速减肥地产品所欺骗”.takeoff拿去;
取消;
脱(衣帽>
;
飞机起飞;
takeout拿出,取出;
去掉,带……;
takein接受;
吸收;
收容;
领会;
包含,欺骗;
takeaway拿走,夺去;
使离去.
【答案】 D
agreat/goodmany许多;
Tomfoundthattherewereagreat/goodmanypeoplealreadythere.
汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了.
Itseemsthatagreat/goodmanyofthemareoutofworknow.
似乎他们中地许多人现在失业了.
Agreatmanyoftheflowerswerewhite.
那些花多数是白色地.
agood/greatmany后接复数名词,但agood/greatmany后接of时,必须加限定词,如these/those/the/one’s等,然后再加名词复数.
Agoodmanyofthosestudentslikethissong.
那些学生中有很多喜欢这首歌.
7.________thehouseswereknockeddownintheearthquake.
A.AgreatmanyB.Thenumberof
C.AgreatmanyofD.Agreatdealof
【解读】 名词前有the,these,those及my,your等物主代词时,agreatmany后要加of.
applyfor申请,请求
SheappliedforajobasanEnglishteacher.
她应聘英语教师地工作.
Wehadtoapplytothegovernmentforfinancialhelp.
我们只好向政府申请财务援助.
Whatyousaiddoesn’tapplytome.你所说地并不适合我.
Youcan’tapplythisruletoeverycase.
这个规则并不能适用于所有地状况.
applyoneselfto(doing>
sth.专注于;
专心做某事
HeappliedhimselftolearningEnglish.他专心学英语.
8.TotraveltotheUnitedStates,youmustfirstapply________theAmericanEmbassy________yourvisa.
A.for;
toB.to;
C.for;
forD.to;
to
【解读】 考查apply短语地用法.applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物.句意为:
要去美国旅行,你要首先向美国大使馆申请签证.
【答案】 B
Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
这就是今天有超过40%地加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言地原因.
句中地why引导地为表语从句,注意以下句式区别
That’swhy...这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果>
That’sbecause...这是因为……(because从句表示原因>
Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……地原因是……(表语从句常用that引导,而不用because)
①Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill.
汤姆开会迟到了,那是他病了.
②Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.
汤姆病了,那就是他开会迟到地原因.
③ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.汤姆开会迟到地原因是他病了.
9.(2009年石家庄检测>
Isthisthereason________sheexplainedinthereportforhersuccessinthejob?
A.whatB.that
C.howD.why
【解读】 考查定语从句.因此处关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语,故此处只能用that,which或省略.
10.Thereason________deathwasfearedwas________nomancouldexperienceittwice.
A.why;
thatB.why;
because
C.why;
whyD.because;
that
人们之所以恐惧死亡,是因为无人能经历两次.
However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.
然而,可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚.
本句式中it为形式主语,真正地主语为that从句.
Itislikelythat...……是可能地,此句型可转化为:
sb./sth.belikelytodo...某人/物可能干某事.
She’sverylikelytoringmetonight.
=It’slikelythatshewillringmetonight.
她今晚很可能给我打电话.
Itislikely/thattheweatherwillbefine.
=Theweatherislikelytobefine.天气可能会很晴朗.
11.Itisvery________that,inmanyschools,thestudentsaregoingtospendlesstimeindoinghomeworkthantheyusedto.
A.possiblyB.probably
C.lovelyD.likely
在很多学校学生做作业地时间可能将比原来少.用itislikelythat句型,其他三个词不用于这个结构.
12.(2010届唐山摸底考试>
Sincehewas67,itdidn’tseem________thathewouldcontinuelonginthatposition.
A.impossibleB.necessary
C.particularD.likely
【解读】 考查形容词.句意为:
他已经67岁了,看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了.A、B选项用于It’simpossible/important/necessary/unusualthat...句型,that从句常用should+动词原形,而非would+动词原形.C项不符合题意,故选D.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Allthe________(行李>
thepassengersbringwiththemneedstobeexaminedtwiceattheLiutingInternationalAirportduringtheBeijingOlympicGames.
【答案】 luggage
2.Many________(申请人>
appliedforthewellpaidjob,butnoneofthemwereacceptedbythecompany.
【答案】 applicants
3.Ahighfever________(表明>
thataperson’sbodyisfightingdisease.
【答案】 indicates
4.Itis________(显然地>
fromscientificstudiesthatthedrugproducesseveresideeffects.
【答案】 apparent
5.Theoldman________(滑倒>
ontheicyroadandbrokehisleg.
【答案】 slipped
Ⅱ.选词填空
takein;
bymeansof;
makealife;
themajorityof;
markout
1.Theactressrosetofameovernight__________________herperfectperformanceinthefilm.
【答案】 bymeansof
2.________________________studentswereinfavourofthesuggestionthat