英文摘要常用句型和修辞.docx

英文摘要常用句型和修辞.docx

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《电子设计工程》英文摘要常见句型和修辞1

英文摘要常用句型和修辞

1.缩短文摘方法

1）取消不必要的字句：

如"Itisreported„","Extensiveinvestigationsshowthat„","Theauthordisusses„","Thispaperconcernedwith„"。

2）对物理单位及一些通用词可以适当进行简化。

3）取消或减少背景情况（BackgroundInformation）。

4）只介绍新情况、新内容，过去的研究细节可以取消。

5）不说废话，如"本文所谈的有关研究工作是对过去老工艺的一个极大的改进"切不可进入文摘。

6）作者在文摘中谈及的未来计划不纳入文摘。

7）尽量简化一些措辞和重复的单元，如：

不用atatemperatureof250℃to300℃而用at250-300℃

atahighpressureof200MPaat200MPa

atahightemperatureof1500℃at1500℃

2.常用句型和词汇

2.1“目的”部分

2.1.1时态

背景：

现在时（一般现在时、完成时和进行时）

目的：

一般现在时／现在完成时，或一般过去时

举例：

（1）Toevaluatetheeffectson24-hourintragastricpHlevelsofinfusionswithomeprazoleandH2receptorantagonistsinbleedingduodenalulcerpatients.

（2）TheroleofomeprazoleintripletherapyandtheimpactofHelicobacterpyloriresistanceontreatmentoutcomearenotestablished.ThisstudyinvestigatedtheroleofomeprazoleandinfluenceofprimaryH.pyloriresistanceoneradicationanddevelopmentofsecondaryresistance.

2.1.2介绍目的常用句型

主要用动词不定式to表达。

1）直接用todo短语表达

举例：

Todetermineifuseofomeprazoleprotectsagainstthegastricmucosalinjury

2）Thepurpose/aim/objective/goal（ofpresentstudyis）wasto

举例：

Theaimofthisstudywastodeterminetheprotectivefunctionofomeprazoleongastricmucosalinjury《电子设计工程》英文摘要常见句型和修辞2

3）Thepresentstudyis/wasdesigned/devised/intendedto

举例：

Thepresentstudywasdesignedtoestablishwhethertheremightbeageneticpredispositiontoanalteredpatternofanti-inflammatorycytokineproducedinpatientswithirritablebowelsyndrome

4）Thisstudywasperformed/conducted/carriedout/undertakento

举例：

Anexperimentalstudywasconductedusingacaninemodetoelucidate„

5）Weaimed/soughtto/attemptedto

举例：

Wesoughttoassesswhetherthereisanincreasedriskoftuberculosisamongindividualswhoworkincertainindustriesoccupations.

2.1.3介绍目的常用动词

1）研究：

study,investigate,examine,observe,explore

举例：

Ourobjectiveinthisreportistoexaminetheclinicalfeature,pathologyandtreatmentforpatientswithpancreaticcancer.

2）评价：

evaluate,validate

举例：

Toevaluatesonographyasatoolforinitialdiagnosisinemergencyroompatientswithabdominaltrauma.

3）确定：

determine,decide,confirm,support,define,characterize

4）证实：

prove,demonstrate,document,test,support,testify,verify

5）阐明、搞清：

explain,elucidate,clarify,illustrate,delineate,findout,contributetotheknowledgeof

6）介绍：

describe,present,report

7）建立：

establish,develop,setout

8）寻找：

searchfor,lookfor,seek,find

9）识别、区分：

identify,differentiate,discriminate

10）优选：

optimize

11）比较：

compare

12）回顾：

review

13）相关：

correlateAwithB

14）回顾：

review,summarize,present,outline,describe

15）目的：

purpose,attempt,aim

16）重点：

focus,emphasize,emphasis,attention

2.1.4例句

1）Wereviewevidenceforthisviewofaddictionanddiscussitsimplicationsforunderstandingthepsychologyandneurobiologyofaddiction.[BrainResearchReviews,1993,18（3）:

247-291]

2）Thispaperoutlinessomeofthebasicmethodsandstrategiesanddiscussessomerelatedtheoreticalandpracticalissues.[AnnalsofStatistics,1994,22（4）:

1701-1728]

3）WealsosummarizesearchesforhypotheticalparticlessuchasHiggsbosons,heavyneutrinos,andsupersymmetricparticles.[PhysicalReviewD,1996,54

（1）:

1]

4）Wepresentestimatorsforseveralpopulation-geneticparameters（geneandgenotypefrequencies,within-andbetween-populationheterozygosities,degreeof

《电子设计工程》英文摘要常见句型和修辞3

inbreedingandpopulationsubdivision,anddegreeofindividualrelatedness）alongwithexpressionsfortheirsamplingvariances.[MolecularEcology,1994,3

（2）:

91-99]

5）Wealsodescribetheconceptualbackgroundanddevelopmentofaself-reportmeasureofthesedimensions,theTemperamentandCharacterInventory.[ArchivesofGeneralPsychiatry,1993,50（12）:

975-990]

6）Weattempttorecoverafunctionofunknownsmoothnessfromnoisysampleddata.[JournaloftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation,1995,90（432）:

1200-1224]

7）ToinvestigatethemechanismofBcl-2’seffect,weexaminedwhetherBcl-2interactedwithotherproteins.[Cell,1993,74（4）:

609-619]

8）ForcomparisonpurposeswepresentsomeopacitytablesfortheRoss-AllerandCox-Tabormetalabundances.[AstrophysicalJournalSupplementSeries,1992,79

（2）:

507-568]

9）Withtheaimtoprovideobservationalconstraintsontheevolutionofthegalacticdisk,wehavederivedabundancesofNa,Mg,Al,Si,Ca,Ti,Fe,Ni,Y,Zr,BaandNd,aswellasindividualphotometricages,for189nearbyfieldFandGdiskdwarfs.[AstronomyandAstrophysics,1993,275

（1）:

101-152]

10）Inadditiontopresentingtechnicaldetailsofthepseudopotentialmethod,thearticleaimstoheightenawarenessofthecapabilitiesofthemethodinordertostimulateitsapplicationtoaswidearangeofproblemsinasmany