高三英语句子的基本成分和五种基本句型 综合练习Word下载.docx

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高三英语句子的基本成分和五种基本句型 综合练习Word下载.docx

1.语言的综合运用能力

2.培养良好的学习习惯

教学内容

Part1HomeworkChecking&

Revision

Part2SentenceStructures

一:

句子成分摸底测试

一.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.

2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.

3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.

4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

二.判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:

1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.

2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.

3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?

4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.

5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.

二:

基本语法

概述句子成分

句子的基本成分包括:

主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语

句子的附加成分主要有:

定语、状语

Forexample:

MybrotherteachesEnglishataschool.

主语谓语宾语状语

1.主语:

一句话的主体,英语句子中不可或缺的成分,是全句述说的对象。

常由名词或相当于名词的词担任位于句首。

找出下面句子的主语部分

Tomdidn'

tdohishomeworkyesterday.

Heisinterestedinmusic.

Whomdidyougivemybookto?

WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.

Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.

Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

200yuanisnottoomuchmoney.

你知道哪些词可以用来充当主语吗?

2.谓语:

说出主语的动作或状态的由动词担任,位于主语之后。

找出下面句子的谓语:

Thereisanoldmancominghere.

Wehadbettersendforadoctor.

Mybrotherhasn'

tdonehishomework.

Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.

Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.

你觉得谓语动词有哪几种?

3.宾语:

及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当于名词的词担任,位于动词或介词之后。

请找出下面的宾语:

Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?

Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.

Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.

Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.

你觉得宾语有什么样的特点?

Exercise

用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):

Ihopeyouareverywell.I'

mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'

mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'

toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.

4.状语:

修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句,常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任;

可置于动词之前或之后,只能置于形容词或副词之前。

Therewasabigsmileonherface.

HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.

Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast.

Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.

Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.

Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.

Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.

你知道状语有哪几种吗?

Examples:

Brownisateacher.

Itisfinetoday

五、表语:

表述主语的身份或特征的常由名词或形容词担任,置于连系动词之后。

请指出下面的表语部分:

Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.

Todotoday'

shomeworkwithouttheteacher'

shelpisverydifficult.

Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

Iamafraidthatifyou'

velostit,youmustpayforit.

Itseemstoraintomorrow.

Thebreadyouboughtyesterdayhasgonebad.

Theleavesturnyellowwhenautumncomes.

如何有效地寻找表语?

TheparentsnamedtheirbabyTony.

WeelectedJoycetobethechiefmonitor.

Heoftenmakeshissistercry.

六、补语:

用来补充主语和宾语的意义,一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份或特征。

我们常常把表语称之为主语补语,而用来说明宾语的身份和特征的部分称为宾语补足语。

你能找出下面的宾语补足语吗?

Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.

Shefounditdifficulttodothework.

DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?

IsawMrWanggetonthebus.

TheycallmeLilysometimes.

你觉得如何才能有效地找到宾语补足语?

Janeisabeautifulgirl.

Johnhadagreatdesiretotravel.

Childrenwholivebytheseausuallybegintoswimatanearlyage.

七、定语:

限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词,常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。

形容词位于名词之前,短语或从句置于名词之后。

请找出下面的定语部分:

Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.

Whatisyourgivenname?

PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

定语的作用是什么?

一般位于什么位置?

用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'

sgreat!

Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon'

t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?

Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.

Part3Practice--SentenceStructures

1.选择题

()1.____willleaveforBeijing.

A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow

C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow

()2.Theweather____.

A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold

()3.Theappletasted____.

A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet

()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.

A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter

()5.Theactor______attheageof70.

A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded

()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.

A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we

()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.

A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly

()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.

A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis

()9.Thedog____mad.

A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked

2.阅读理解

Oneofthebest-knownAmericanwritersofchildren’sbooksisAlfredStrong,orDoctorStrong,asheisbetterknowntoreaderseverywhere.Now,anartshowcalled“DoctorStrongFromThentoNow”istravellingaroundtheUnitedStates.ThepicturesanddrawingsshowthehistoryofDoctorStrong.

DoctorStrongfirstbecamefamousalmostfiftyyearsagowhenhisfirstchildren’sbookwaspublished.Sincethen,hehaswrittenforty-fivebooksthathavesoldmorethanonehundredmillioncopiesaroundtheworld.

DoctorStrong’sbooksareknownfortheireasyuseofwordsandcolorful,hand-drawnpictures.Thesedrawingsbringlifetohisimaginarycreatures.TheCatintheHat,HortontheElephant,TheGrinchWhoStoleChristmas,andhundredsofothers.

TheSanDiegoMuseum,inCalifornia,organizedtheartshow.ItincludedaboutthreehundredDoctorStrong’soriginal(最早的)drawingsandsomeofhiswritings.

MostofDoctorStrong’sbooks,althoughwritteninafunnyway,haveseriousmessages.Forexample,inMcElligot’sPool,hedescribesthedangerofpollution.HediscussesthearmsraceinTheButterBattleBook,writteninnineteeneighty-four.

DoctorStrongisalmosteighty-fouryearsoldnow.Hesaysheneverplannedtowritestoriesjustforchildren.Hesayshewritesstoriesthatinterestpeopleofallages.Hesaysheuseseasywordssothateveryone,evenachild,canunderstand.

1.AlfredStrongisafamous_______intheUnitedStates.

A.doctor    B.artist    C.writer    D.reader

2.DoctorStrongfirstbecamefamousin_______.

A.hiseightieswhenanartshowwastravellingaroundtheUnitedStates

B.hisfiftieswhenhisdrawingsandwritingswerepublished

C.nineteeneighty-fourwhenhisbookMeEligot’sPoolwaspublished

D.histhirtieswhenhisfirstbookwaspublished

3.DoctorStrong’sbooksareverypopularinAmericabecause_______.

A.theyarestoriesaboutanimalssuchascats,elephantsandsoon

B.theyarewrittenineasywordswithcolourfulpictures

C.heorganizedtheartshowinCalifornia

D.theyarewritteninafunnyway

4.Hispurposeinwritingmanysuchbooksis_______.

A.toshowhisoriginalpicturesanddrawings  

B.toorganizeaspecialartshowofhisown

C.tomakehisreaderslaughorsmilewhentheyreadhisbooks

D.notonlytointerestpeoplebuttoexpose(uncover)someserioussocialproblems

Part4.五种基本句型

句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的,依其组合方式可分为五种基本句型,如下表所示:

种类

句型

主语S

谓语动词

谓语动词V

表语P

宾语O

宾语补足语OC

第一种

S+V

We

work,

第二种

S+V+O

He

plays

thepiano

第三种

S+V+P

are

students

第四种

S+V+间接宾语+直接宾语

She

gave

meapen

第五种

S+V+O+OC

made

theboy

laugh

一、第一种句型:

主语+不及物动词:

Birdsfly.

主语谓语(不及物动词)

Herunsinthepark.

主语谓语地点状语

Classbegins.(begin在句中是不及物动词)

(一)主谓结构(主语+不及物动词)

1.你应当努力学习。

2.她昨天回家很晚。

3.那天早上我们谈了很多。

4.会议将持续两个小时。

5.在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

 

二、第二种句型:

主语+及物动词+宾语:

Myfatherreadthebook.

主语谓语(及物动词)宾语

有宾语的动词是及物动词,可当宾语者有名词和名词的相当语(代词、不定式、动名词。

ShelikesEnglish.(名词作宾语)

Iknowhimverywell.(代词作宾语)

同第一种句型一样,本句型可以有状语、定语修饰

Theywanttogo.(不定式作宾语)

Hestoppedwriting.(动名词作宾语)

(二)主谓宾结构(主语+及物动词+宾语)

1.昨晚我写了一封信。

2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。

3.这本书他读过多次了。

4.他们成功地完成了计划。

5.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。

三、第三种句型:

主语+系动词+表语:

Hebecameascientist

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