《社会保障学》期末复习重点资料Word下载.docx

《社会保障学》期末复习重点资料Word下载.docx

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社会保障制度的建立，可以保障他们的生活，也有利于社会的安定和经济的正常运行。

专业术语：

•market-directedeconomy市场经济

•risk风险

•socialsecuritysystem社会保障制度

•socialsuccour社会救济

•socialinsurance社会保险

•socialwelfare社会福利

•PoorLaw济贫法

•commercialinsurance商业保险

Chapter2

1、试述社会保险制度的功能。

维护社会稳定

保障功能——保障基本生活，提高生活质量

保证劳动力再生产，促进经济稳定发展

促进社会精神文明的进步

2、社会保险有哪些特点？

强制性，互济性，储备性，补偿性，补偿性

3．社会保险基金投资方向有哪些？

购买政府债券

存入银行

投资于符合政策导向的项目

进入资本市场购买股票

进入国际资本市场

Phrases

•old-ageinsurance老年社会保险

•medicalinsurance医疗社会保险

•employmentinsurance失业社会保险

•maternityinsurance生育社会保险

•work-relatedinsurance工伤社会保险

•socialfunction社会功能

•economiceffect经济效应

•socialsecurityfund社会保障基金

•socialinsurancefund社会保险基金

•payasyougo现收现付

•fundedpooling基金积累

•Investment投资

•stock股票

•Bond债券

Chapter3

•thereformofsocialsecuritysystem

•社会保障制度改革

•thereformofpensioninsurancesystem

•养老保险制度改革

•thereformofmedicalinsurancesystem

•医疗保险制度改革

•definedcontribution缴纳确定制

•definedbenefit待遇确定制

中国社会保险制度的主要措施

1. 

Reformingtheoldagesocialinsurancesystemtoestablishanewonewithdifferentlevels

改革养老保险制度，建立多层次养老保险新模式

2. 

Reformingmedicalsystemtoestablishanewone

改革医疗保险制度，建立新的医疗保险体制

3. 

Establishingandbetteringunemploymentinsurance

建立和完善失业保险制度

4. 

Expendingthecoverageofsocialinsurancesystem

扩大社会保险覆盖面

计划经济体制下社会保障模式的弊病

Lowcoverage覆盖范围窄

Gapandequilibration

差别过大和平均主义并存

Highbenefitsunderloweconomiclevel

低经济发展水平下的高待遇

Lowsocialization社会化程度低

发达国家社会保障制度存在的问题

1.Highcostinsocialsecurity

社会保障成本过高

2.Influenceofsocialsecuritytoeconomicefficiency

社会保障影响经济效率

3.Lowefficiencyinsocialsecurity

社会保障管理效率低下

4.Failureinadjustmentinsocialsecuritysystemaccordingtothechangeinsocialsecurityobject

社会保障制度未能随社会保障对象的变化进行调整

发达国家社会保障制度改革的措施

一．改革缴费和给付制度，增收节支 

Inoldageinsurance

在养老保险方面节支措施有

（1）Raisingtheageindrawingthepension

提高领取养老金的年龄

（2）Reducingpayment

改革养老金计发办法，降低支付水平

（3）Reformingadjustmentinpension

改革养老金调整办法

Inunemployment

在失业保险方面节支措施有

（1）Restrictingthetermindrawingunemploymentinsurance

限制领取失业保险的期限

（2）Extendingwaitingperiodindrawingunemploymentinsurance

延长领取失业保险的等待期

二．改革制度结构和管理

1．养老保险的制度变革

从政府负担养老保险转向个人储蓄式的个人帐户

从给付确定制（definedbenefit）D/B向缴费确定制（definedcontribution）D/C转变

养老金特别是企业补充养老金（年金）的转移问题

2．医疗保险制度的改革

Introducingcompetitionintomedicalinsurance

将竞争引入医疗领域

Reforminfee-for-serviceinhospital

住院按服务项目付费的改革

Reforminfeeformedicine

改革药品付费制度，节省医疗保险开支

Expendingthecoverageinhealthinsurance

扩大健康保险的覆盖范围

3．应付就业模式变革对社会保障制度的挑战

4．促进再就业以减轻社会保障的负担

Chapter4

PresentSituationandWaysofThinkinginReformingChina'

sSocialSecuritySystem

collectively-ownedenterprise集体企业

contractworker合同工人

centrally-administeredmunicipality直辖市

industrialinjuryinsurance工伤保险

laborappraisalorgan劳动鉴定机构

onelumpsumpayment一次总付

theunificationbetweenbeingjustandefficient公平与效率的统一

torealizeabalancedrevenueandexpenditure实现收支平衡

propertyrightsofthesocialsecurityfund社会保障基金产权

torunintodifficulty陷入困境

astimulantmechanism激励机制

rightsandobligations权利与义务

averagelifespan平均年龄

safetynetwork安全网

shockreducer减震器

riskresistanceability抗风险能力

well-to-doenterprise效益好的企业

rationalflowoflaborforce劳动力合理流动

4.2

1.WhataretheexperimentsinSSSsincetheendof1970s（期中考已经考过）

⏹A.Raisingtheretirementpensionfundfromthewholesociety

⏹B.Experimentoftheold-ageinsurancesystem

⏹C.Insurancefortheunemployed

⏹D.Reformexperimentofhealthcareplan

⏹E.Initialstepsofreformingtheindustrialinjuryinsurancesystem

⏹F.Farmers’old-agepensionexperiment

⏹G.Old-ageinsuranceplanforworkersincollectively-ownedenterprisesofferedbythePeople'

sInsuranceCompanyofChina

2.TellthedifficultiesinthereformofSSSattheprimarystage

ThedifficultiesinthereformofSSS

Irrationalmechanism机制不合理

Narrowcoverage覆盖范围窄

Lowsocialization社会化程度低

Incompletesystemandchaoticmanagement不完善机制和管理管理混乱

Lackofeffectiveoperationmethodsforsocialsecurityfunds效率低下

Anagingpopulation人口老龄化

RealityinChina:

Chinaisacountrywith

alargepopulation,

apooreconomicbackground

andlowproductivity.

3.WhatarethebasicprincipalsofSSS?

Thebasicprinciplesare:

（六个）

A.Theunificationofresponsibility,rightsandinterests.

B.Theunificationofbeingjustandefficient.

CSocialization.

D.Thesafety,maintenanceandincreaseinthevalueofsocialsecurityfund.

E.Unifiedleadershipandseparationofthemanagement,dailyoperationandadministration.

F.Procedingfromreality.

4.WhataretheoverallstrategicgoalsforthereformofSSS?

Theoverallstrategicgoalforthereformofthesocialsecuritysystemistheestablishmentofanewtypeofsocialsecuritysystemwhichisappropriatetothedevelopmentofthemarketeconomy,andtrulyguaranteesthebasicrightsofthelivelihoodofthecitizens,throughreformsfocusingontheexistingunemployment,old-ageandmedicalcare

5.WhatarethesuggestionsonthepoliciesconcerningthereformofSSS?

A.Socialization,anessentialcharacteristicofsocialsecurityandobjectivedemandofthedevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy

B.Economicguaranteeisthecoreforsocialsecurity.

C.Reformofthesocialsecuritysystemshouldbeconductedaccordingtotheeconomiccapabilityofthecountryandthepracticalconditionsatallplaces.

D.Thesocialsecuritysystemshouldbebuiltonandenforcedbylawsandregulationssothatallsocialsecurityoperationswillbesystemizedandnormalized.

E.Changingthepresentsystemofadjustingretirementbenefitsbygovernmentappointingenterprises（orsocialsecurityadministrativeorgans）tooneinwhichold-ageinsuranceistiedtotheexistingwagelevelsofthesociety.

F.China'

sinsurancemarket,whichisinitsearlystage,remainstobecultivatedanddeveloped。

6.HowtoreformtheadministrativesystemofSSS?

⏹Macro-managementlevel

⏹Theimplementinglevel

⏹Micro-operationallevel

Chapter5

（重点把握前四个思考题，即是问题1至四）

•welfaresubsidy福利补贴

•thestandardforjudgingapopulationforbeingold老龄化的确定标准

•theindexfigureoftheaveragewage平均工资指数

•after-taxprofit税后利润

•principalandinterest本金和利润

•theSocialSecurityConvention社会保障公约

•WLO世界劳工组织

•widow/widowerandorphan鳏寡孤独

•toacceptobligationsandbearrisks承担风险和义务

•fluctuationsofwages工资波动

•familyplanningpolicy计划生育的国策

•inflationindexfigure通货膨胀指数

•dualeconomicstructure二元经济结构

•nuclearfamily核心家庭

•thegapbetweenthenorthandsouth南北差距

•beexemptfromtax免税

•pay-as-you-go现收现付

•toissuebond发行股票

•landuserights土地使用权

•preparationfund准备金

•socialsecurityforelderly老年社会保障

•aging老龄化

•problemsofaging老龄问题

•elderlyinsurance老年保险

•elderlywelfare老年福利

•insuranceforurbanelderly城镇养老保险

•serviceforelderly老年服务

•ruralelderlysocialsecurity农村老年社会保障

1.Whatarethedecisivefactorsintheestablishmentofanold-agepensionfundandtheentiresocialsecurityreform?

A.Itshouldbeadaptabletotherapidagingprocess,atahighlevel,andwithaquickeningescalatingnature.

B.Weshouldtakeintoconsiderationprovisionfortheoldinurbanandruralareas.

C.ThegoalofChina'

seconomicreformistoestablishasocialistmarketeconomicsystemandold-agepensionfundshouldbemarket-oriented.

D.WeshouldcombineworldexperienceswithrealitiesinChina.

2.Tellthedirectionofreformofold-agecareinruralareas.

•Toestablishsocialsecurityshare-holdingbanks,onselfwillingness;

•Tocontinuetoadvocatethatyoungpeopleshouldprovidefortheirelderly,toholdbackthespeedofdismissingtheroleoffamiliesfortakingcareoftheoldasaresultofcommercialeconomyandriseofnuclearfamilies;

•Topromotecomprehensivedevelopmentofthepopulationandcommunity,developanold-peoplecaresystemthatcombinesthecollectiveandindividualfamilyeffortsandstrengthenscommunityservices;

•Todevelopinsuranceforsinglechildrenandtheirparents,forinstance,singlechildreninsurancefeescanbeturnedintoold-ageinsurancefund.

3.Analyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcompleteaccumulation.

advantages

•canstandagingofthepopulationandmobilizetheenthusiasmofpayer

•canraiseagreatsumoffunds

disadvantages（drawbacks）:

•nocoordinationamongparticipantsinthesystem;

•leadtothepayingofpastdebtsbythealreadyretired,theretiringandthosestillworking;

•thefundisdifficulttospend;

4.WhyshouldChinaadoptthepartialaccumulationmethod?

5.Tellexamplesofinternationalpracticeofthreemodelsforraisingpensionfund.

6.AnalyzesomeofthemeasuresSingaporehasadoptedtoaddresstheinadequatesupervisionandexaminationofpensionfund.

Chapter6

1WhatarethepurposesoftheProvisionalRegulationsonInsuranceforWorkersWaitingforEmploymentinState-OwnedEnterprises?

Tosupportreformofthelaborsystem;

-Topromotearationalflowofthelaborforce;

-Toprovidebasiclivinge