新视野大学英语视听说教程3 Uint6Uint10口语参考答案文档格式.docx

新视野大学英语视听说教程3 Uint6Uint10口语参考答案文档格式.docx

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Somepeoplethinksmokingmakesthemrelax.Somepeoplesmokejustbecauseallthosearoundthemsmoke.Somebelievethatbypassingcigarettesaround,itwillbeeasierforthemtostartafriendship.Othersclaimthatsmokingisapreconditionforaboomingtobaccoindustry,whichinturnensuresalargetaxincomeforthestate.ButIthinkthosereasons,ifwecancallthemreasons,areinsignificantcomparedwiththeharmsmokingbrings.Smokingisharmfultoone'

shealth.Itcanleadtomanydiseases.Long-termsmokingmayresultinlungdisease,orevenlungcancer.Also,someheavysmokersmaysufferfrombreathingdifficulty,highbloodpressure,hearttrouble,amongstotherdiseases.Ithasbeenprovedthatevennon-smokerswhobreatheinthesmokecandevelophealthproblems.Moreover,cigarettescostmoney.Somechainsmokersconsumetwopacksofcigarettesaday.Thiscanbeanunnecessaryfinancialburdenonafamilythatisnotrich.

2.Whatdoyouthinkcanbedonetoimproveolderpeople'

slivesiftheirchildrendonotlivewiththem?

Firstofall,childrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.Thisisasignalofconcern,whichcanbeagreatcomforttothem.Evenifpeopleareterriblybusyunderthepressureofwork,theycanatleastcalltheirparentstosayhello.

Furthermore,childrenshouldprovidetheirparentswithwhattheyneed.Ifelderolderpeoplecangetmoneyorothersuppliesonaregularbasis,theymaygetasenseofsecurity.

Also,thegovernmentshouldestablishmorehomesandorganizemoreactivitiestomeettheincreasingneedsofanagingpopulation.

Ifsomeelderolderpeopleprefertoliveathome,theyshouldhirecaregivers.Inthelightoftheirshortageofmoney,anexperthasproposedasystemunderwhichagedpeoplecanmortgage（抵押）theirapartmentstothebankinexchangeforamonthlyincome.Bythetimetheypassaway,theapartmentsbelongtothebank.Butatleasttheoldpeopledoenjoyadecentlifewhiletheyarealive.

3.Whydosomepeoplebecomealcoholics?

Howcantheysolvetheirdrinkingproblems?

Somepeopledrinkbecausetheirparentsdrinkalot,sotheyfollowsuit.Somepeoplepickupthehabitofdrinkingbecausetheyfeellonelyorbored,othersdrinkwhentheyaresadorangry,andstillothersdrinktocelebratehappyoccasions.Gradually,theydrinkmoreandmoreuntiltheyarehookedonalcohol.Tosolvedrinkingproblems,peopleshouldbeinformedaboutthedangersoftoomuchalcoholconsumption,suchashighbloodpressure,heartdisease,livertrouble,andsoon.Itisalsoreportedthatalcoholcandamagebraincellsandmemory.Undertheinfluenceofalcohol,onecanhardlyconcentrateorthinkdeeply,sotheirworkefficiencydrops.Worsestill,drunksoftencausetrafficaccidentsorresorttophysicalviolence.Moreover,onemusthavestrongwillpowertogiveupdrinking.Butunfortunately,fewpeoplearestrong-willedenoughtodefeatalcoholismontheirown.Often,theyneedexternalhelpfromparents,spouses,friends,doctorsoranorganizationlikeAlcoholicsAnonymous.

4.Whatshouldbedonetohelpunemployedpeople?

Beforeunemployedpeoplefindanewjob,theirbasiclivingstandardshouldbemet.Theyneedsubsidies（补助金）fromthegovernmenttomaintainliveanormallife,whichincludesmoneyforfood,clothes,shelterandtransportation.

Itisalsoimportantforunemployedpeopletobetrainedforre-employment.Thegovernmentshouldoffertrainingprogramstoupdatetheirskillssothattheywillbecomecompetitiveoninthejobmarketagain.

Unit7：

1.Accordingtoyourexperience,whatdamagesarebeingdonetotheenvironment?

Givenkeywordssuchaslittering,pollution,andpoisonoussubstances,peoplemayfinditeasiertoremembersomeofthedangers.

Littering

Somepeoplethrowawaypaper,cigarettebutts,emptycansorevenbatteriesinpublicplacesorinscenicsites.

Pollution

Whenhouseholdsandfactoriesdumpsewerageandharmfulsubstancesintoriversandlakes,waterpollutioncanbeserious.Airpollutionmayworsenastheeconomydevelops.Ifthesmokefromfactorychimneysdoesnotmeetenvironmentalstandards,itpollutestheair.Also,theincreasingnumberofcarsbringsfurtherdeteriorationtothequalityoftheair.Thecigarettespeoplesmokealsocontributetothepollution.

PoisonousSubstances

Whenwediscardair-conditionersandrefrigerators,wereleasepoisonoussubstanceslikeCFCs（氟氯化碳）,whichdepletetheozonelayer（臭氧层）orcreateaholeintheozonelayer.Whenyouuseaerosolsprayonyourhair,youarespreadingenvironmentally-damagingfreon（氟里昂）aswell.

2.Canyouthinkofsomemeasurestoprotectforests?

Ithinkthemostimportantthingtodoistocreatealawtoforbidthecuttingoftreesincertainareas.Evenwhentimberisneededforconstruction,loggingshouldbewellplanned.Inadditiontothelaw,wealsoneedlawenforcementpersonnelwhowillfinethosewhofelltreesillegally.Itisnotenoughtoprotecttheexistingforests.Wemustalsoplanttreestomakenewforests.Weshouldalsogrowvarioustypesoftreestoensurebio-diversity.Tomaketheafforestationprogramsuccessful,thegovernmentshouldawardthoseunitsandindividualsthathavemadeoutstandingcontributions.

3.Ifachemicalplanthastodumpapoisonoussubstanceintotheriver,butitsclosing-downmeansthatmanyworkerswilllosetheirjobsandthelocaleconomywillbeaffected,thenwhatwouldyouproposetodo?

Inmyopinion,thefirststepwecantakeistointroduceadvancedecologicaltechnologytomakesurethattheseweragefromtheplantisproperlytreatedbeforeitisdischargedintotheriver.Sincesomecompanymanagersareunwillingtospendmoneytreatingpollutants,theymaydumpnoxioussubstancesduringthenight.Soitisnecessarytosetupawatchdogteamtosupervisetheplant'

sseweragetreatment.Iftheplantfailstomeettheecologicalstandards,wehavenochoicebuttoshutitdown.Afterall,humanlifeismoreimportantthananythingelse.Iftheworkerslosetheirjobsbecauseoftheclose-down,thegovernmentcangivethemsubsidiesandruntrainingprogramssothattheycanfindnewjobsinothersectorsoftheeconomy.Ifthelocaleconomyisbadlyhitbytheclose-down,thecentralgovernmentcanconsidersubsidizingthelocalgovernmentforacertainperiodoftimeuntilthejoblessworkersarere-employed.

4.Whichtypesofenergyshouldweuse:

wood,coal,petroleum,waterpower,nuclearenergyorsolarenergy?

Giveyourreasons.

Inmyopinion,weshouldtryourbesttoavoidusingwoodandcoalasfuel.Theburningofwoodcreatesairpollution.Moreover,treescannotbereproducedeasily.Ittakesdozensofyearsorevenhundredsofyearsforayoungtreetogrowintoabigtree.Similarly,coalburningpollutestheair.Itwouldbeevenmoredifficulttoreproducecoal.Theformationofcoaltakesthousandsofyears.Nowadays,peopleusepetroleumthemost.Cars,ships,aircraftandmanyfactoriesdependonit.Itcauseslesspollutionthancoalandwood,butitisalsonon-renewable.Toleaveenoughresourcesforfuturegenerations,weneedsustainabledevelopment.Wehavetousethosefossilfuelslessandturntoothertypesofenergysuchaswaterpower,nuclearenergyandsolarenergy.

Unit8：

1.Compareairandrailtransportanddiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeach.

Itisobviousthatairtransportorairtravelisfast.Withinhours,aplanecancarrypassengersandcargotoaplace,thousandsofmilesaway.Businesspeoplecanflytoadistantcity,dobusinessthere,andflybackonthesameday.Atrain,ontheotherhand,goesataslowerspeed.Itmaytakeyoumorethanadaytotraveltoafarawayplaceinthecountry.Aproblemwithplaneisthatitisincapableoftransportinglargequantitiesoffreight.Inthisrespectthetrainissuperior.Thetraincancarrymoregoodsthantheplaneandothermodesoflandtransport.

2.Doyouprefertoflybusinessclassoreconomyclass?

Iprefereconomyclass.ThriftisconsideredatraditionalvirtueinChinesesociety,andmostpeopledonotwanttowastemoneyonsomethingthatisnotabsolutelynecessary.Somepeoplewanttoflybusinessclass,fortheyfeelmorecomfortableinabiggerseatwithabetterchoiceoffoodsanddrinks.ButIdon'

tthinkthesmallbenefitsareworththehighcosts.However,insomecases,forexample,whentravelingwithanimportantbusinesspartner,Imightwanttobuybusiness-class,orevenfirst-classticketstoshowmycompany'

sfinancialstrengthandgivehim/herconfidenceindoingbusinesswithus.

3.Doyouwishtobeaflightattendant?

Whyorwhynot?

First,flightattendantsoftenhaveampleopportunitiestoflytodifferentpartsofthecountryorevenoftheworld.Throughtheirservice,flightattendantsinteractwithmanypassengers.Asaresult,theytendtodevelopgoodinterpersonalskills,whichwillprovetobevaluableinthefuture,evenaftertheytransfertoadifferentjob.Lastbutnotleast,flightattendantsareusuallywellpaid.Buttherearesomedisadvantagesaswell.Anobviousdrawbackisthat,often,theycannotgobackhomeeveryday.Thisirregularpatternoflifemakesitdifficultforthemtostaywiththeirfamilies.What'

smore,somepassengerscanberudeandunpleasant.Themostundesirableaspectoftheirjob,however,isthedangerofaccidents.Alltheadvantagesofaflyingcareerdisappearinacrash.

4.Manyairlinecompaniesareloweringfaresandmakingsmallerprofits.Givesomeofthepossiblereasons.

Airfaresusedtobequitehigh,sotheaviation（航空）industrywashighlyprofitable