大英三阅读教程课后练习答案新Word下载.docx
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G.Hedidthefamilychores.
H.Heisstillhesitantastowhetherhewillgooutforajobsomeday.
2.HowtoDetecttheMeaningsoftheFollowingwiththeHelpoftheContextandOtherClues
1)tongue-tiedunabletospeakclearlyorfluently
(Ifyourtongueistied,youareunabletospeakclearlybecauseyouarenervousorembarrassed.)
2)dead-endboring
("
Deadend"
meansasituationbeyondwhichdevelopmentisimpossible.Adead-endjobisajobwithlowwagesandnochanceofprogress.)
3)drawbacksdisadvantages
(Thewordisusedtogetherwithitsantonym"
benefits."
)
4)excludednotincluded
(Theantonymof"
excluded"
is"
included."
Theauthorwasunhappybecausehefelthewasnotpartofthefamily.)
5)beatingfinishingbeforeasettime
(Fromthecontext,weknowthathehadtoworkveryhardtofinishhisworkintime.)
6)becutloosebefreed
(Thephrasefigurativelymeans"
freeoneselfwitheffortfromsomethingbinding."
"
strippedof"
inthesamesentenceservesasanotetothisphrase.)
7)tightaffectedbyscarcity
(When"
tight"
isusedtodescribehisjob,itsuggeststhattherearenotmanyjobsinhisfield.)
8)literallyextremely
(Thiswordisusedtoemphasizeastrongexpressionoffeelings.Inthiscontext,ithelpstoexpresshisstrongdislikeforhispreviousjob.)
Exercises
1.ReadingComprehension
1)C2)D3)A4)C5)B
2.VocabularyStudy
PartA
1)unsure2)unease3)endlessly4)Indecision5)unnerving
6)seamless7)unpleasant8)uncertainty9)immaturity10)unheard
PartB
1)edge
A.对工作的厌恶让我几近崩溃。
B.但是,抛弃这后两种品质我便毫无优势可言,这可能让我失去重返工作岗位的机会。
C.他骄傲自大,总以为比我强。
我得采取行动,挫挫他的锐气。
D.它是一种尖端技术,却也是一把双刃剑。
2)sense
A.我认为待在家里对我的身心健康有益。
B.周围的人都身负重任,知道自己要干什么。
C.如果你不是有意识地培育幸福的话,你就无法从任何事情中体验到深刻的幸福感。
D.玛丽与女儿安娜才相处了几天,就察觉到她和丈夫之间出了问题。
3)only
A.这是一个工作日的下午,我是这里唯一一个处于工作年龄段的男士。
B.我不认识全职父亲,也从未遇见过一位全职父亲。
我只是读过他们的故事。
C.中国的长城规模宏大,它是从月球上能够看到的唯一的一个人工建筑。
D.世界各地每天都在发生小地震,有的小到只有通过精密仪器才能“感觉”出来。
3.GrammarStudy
In1986,therewere445stay-at-homefathersintheUK.Twodecadeslater,thatnumberhasrisentoover21,000.AndinJunethisyear,theUK'
sEqualOpportunitiesCommission(EOC)announcedthat79percentofmenquestionedsaidtheywouldbehappytolookaftertheiryoungchildrenwhiletheirwifewentouttowork.Inasinglegeneration,abehaviorthatwasonceconsideredeccentrichasbecomemainstream.
Thisisjustoneillustrationofabigchangeinsocialattitudesinthewesternworld.Formerly,afatherwouldberefusedentrytoadeliveryroom;
nowhemaybereproachedforhisabsence.Histraditionalroleinfamilylifewasthatofbreadwinneranddisciplinarian,buttodaychildcaremanualsallurgeamorelovingpaternalapproach.
TheEOCreporthasreceivedunexpectedlywidepresscoverage,becausethetrendformentotakeontraditionallyfemalerolesisstillcontroversial.Manypeoplewelcomeit,butothersfearthatsomethingisgoingbadlywrongwiththehumanrace.Thosewhofeartheriseofthe"
newman"
condemnhimas"
unnatural"
andassertthatscientistswillconfirmtheirbeliefs.Thatreassurancemayoncehavebeenforthcoming,butnowtheoppositeistrue.
4.SuggestedTranslation
1)于是这句话就成为我对全职父亲的最佳表述。
这种职业体现了一种崭新的生活方式,不能简单地提提就算了。
对,还得解释、辩护,甚至表现出极大的热情。
(要准确翻译这个句子,需要理解整段话的意思:
这种崭新的生活方式不为大众所知,也不被人理解,所以需要解释、辩护。
那个时候因为不知道怎么说,我就说我在家外面工作。
但现在我知道怎么应付了。
2)他只知道,在性格上与他有诸多相像之处的独生儿子违反了男人养家女人育儿的自然法则。
在他看来,愿意干不体面的活说明我软弱、不成熟。
(原句中的破折号起补充说明的作用,翻译时可以不用。
后一句主语应做适当调整。
3)现在,周末的结束仍然会使我感到一丝不安;
在接下来的一周里,我没有实实在在的作为,只有空虚陪伴左右。
(该句有省略成分,avoid完整的表述是:
Inowfaceavoid.)
4)这不免让人啼笑皆非。
要想成为一个既忠实又能干的全职父亲,这种变化是必须的:
温和,满足于小小的愉悦,满足于看起来很平凡的一切。
(首句实为上一段末句的一部分,完整的句子是:
MaybeI'
mmellowing,whichisironic.)
Lesson2
1.Thesis
Thesisisthecentralideainanessay,usuallyexpressedinaone-ortwo-sentencethesisstatement.Authorsaccomplishtwothingsbyprovidingathesisstatementinanessay:
Itindicatestheessay'
ssubjectandexpressesanattitudetothatsubject.Thesubjectoftheessayisfitnessmania.Thethesisstatementistheconclusivesentenceofthefirstpart,supportedbytheauthor'
spersonalexperiencesandreflectionsonthesubjectinthefollowingparts.Theauthorusesaspecialterm--entropy--toshowhisnegativeviewoffitnessmania.
Thesis:
SomethingiswrongwiththefitnessmaniathathasswepttheWesternWorld,andfromwatchingMimiIknowwhatitis.Entropy.(Ll.20?
2)
2.Analogy
Analogyreferstoanimaginativecomparisonbetweentwosubjectsthatseemtohavelittleincommon.Oftenacomplexideaortopiccanbemadeunderstandablebycomparingittoamorefamiliarsubject.Injoiningthesetwothingstogether,theauthoremphasizessharedcharacteristicsandprovidesafreshinsight.
Thewholeessayisbasedonananalogydevelopedbytheauthor.Hecomparespeoplehavingamaniaforfitnesstoahamsterrunninginthecage.Wecanfindsomesimilaritiesbetweenthetwobymatchingthefollowingtwoitems.
Exercisersinthefitnessclubs--Hamstersinthecages
Exercisemachineintheclub--Exercisewheelinthecage
Humansociety--Hamstercage
Ridingthetreadmill--Sprintinginthemetalcylinder
Sweatingfornothing--Runningonlytocreateentropy
Theauthorusesanalogytoclarifythethesis.Heexplainsasocialphenomenon(fitnessmania)bycomparingittosomethingthatisvividandeasiertounderstand(apethamster'
srunninginthecage).Thepurposeoftheauthorisnotonlytoillustrateanewtrendinsociety,butalsotoconvincethereadersoftheinsanityofthosewhowastetimeandenergyworkingoutinthegym.
3.HowtoDetecttheMeaningsoftheFollowingwiththeHelpoftheContextandOtherClues
1)driveawideroadlinedwithtrees
(Thewordisusuallyusedasaverb.Butinthiscontext,itisusedasanoun,beingpartofanaddress.)
2)throwawayofthingsintendedtobeusedonlyforashorttime,andthentobethrownaway
(Thisadjectiveconsistsof"
throw"
and"
away."
Themeaningofthewordissuggestedbythetwocomponentsofthisword.)
3)crippledepriveofstrengthandefficiency
(Fromthecontext,weknowthatduetothefitnessmania,wearewastingalotoftimeandenergy.)
4)parallelcomparisonthatshowslikeness
(Inthiscontext,theuniverseiscomparedtoahamstercage.)
5)chopdowncutdown
(Wordslike"
wood"
fuel"
inthesentencesuggestthemeaningofthephrase.)
6)fitintogetinto
(Thephraseisusedwith"
newpants,"
whichsuggeststhattheexerciserswanttolosetheirweightinordertobetherightsizeforthenewpants.)
7)insaneincrediblylarge
(Thekingofentropyhasmadealotofmoneybyadvocatingexercise.)
8)tearfulcausingtears
(Simmonsmightbetouchedbysuchagoodsolution.)
9)baggageburden
Excessbaggage"
meanstheweightyoudonotlike.)
10)atlowratesatlowprices
(Thephraseisusedwiththeverb"
sell,"
whichsuggeststhattheword"
rate"
means"
price."
1)A2)B3)C4)B5)D
1)exercise--workout2)run--sprint3)at…pace--at…rate
4)reduce--diminish5)thinkof--contemplate6)produce--generate
7)useless--inefficient8)health--fitness
3.SentencePatternstoImitate
PartA
1)Mymotherdecidedtotakeregularexercisewhenshefoundthatshehadgainedtenpounds.
2)Whatdidyoudoforyourparentsinthepasttwoyearswhenyoulivedwiththem?
3)WhenIwaslookingattheboyIwasthinkingofourfirstmeeting.
PartB
1)Someresearcherssuggestthatdreamsservenorealpurpose,whileothersbelievethatdreamingisgoodtomentalandphysicalhealth.
2)Thefarmingactivityhaspromotedagriculturewhileatthesametimeprovidingasourceforthedevelopmentoflocalartandculture.
3)Theoldladyhadlostherwalletwhiletakinghersavingstothebank.
1)疯狂的健身潮席卷西方世界,这真是匪夷所思。
通过对米米的观察我知道了症结所在,原来是熵在作怪。
(前半句里的从句比较难处理,应把句子拆分成两个短句。
2)把煤点着了生火,火在将少量的水加热产生蒸汽的同时,也产生了大量的二氧化碳,蒸汽发电点亮了屋里的耗能灯,而屋中却空无一人。
(翻译本句应注意which所限定的名词。
3)我倒有一个办法能化解这种无端的自恋,我相信西蒙斯会被我勾画出的这番景象感动得泪流满面。
(翻译时注意措辞。
4)我们无法承受更多的熵。
如果忘记了这一点,我们便与笼中的仓鼠无异,盲目地奔波不停。
(该句的难点是比喻的理解,night可指仓鼠在夜间活动的习惯,也指人的盲目无知。
Lesson3
1.IntendedAudience
1)BandC
2)Message:
Don'
tbetrappedbythose"
smart"
feature-packedappliances.Weconsumersdon'
tneedappliancesthataresmarterthanus,fortheyhavebroughtussomuchtrouble.
2.Emphasis
1)Whattheysaytheywanttodoishaveusliveinhomeswhere"
allappliancesareontheInternet,sharinginformation"
?
Say"
isitalicizedtogiveemphasis.Whattheysayistheirintention,buttheeffectisfrustrating.)
2)NowI'
mflushingtheupstairstoilet!
(Withtheexclamationmark,thespeakerisveryproudofwhatheisdoing.)
3)Wedon'
tneedadishwasherthatwecancommunicatewithfromafar.
Need"
isitalicizedtoshowtheauthor'
sstrongdisapproval.)
4)Putthosedishesinthedish