考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案哲学类Word格式文档下载.docx

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2015年英语考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案（6）22

2015年英语考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案

（1）

HiddenvalleylooksalotlikethedozensofothercampsthatdotthewoodsofcentralMaine.There'

salake，somesoccerfieldsandhorses.Butthecampersmakethedifference.They'

reallAmericanparentswhohaveadoptedkidsfromChina.They'

reatHiddenValleytofindbridgesfromtheirchildren'

soldworldstothenew.DianaBeckerofMontville，Maine，watchesher3-year-olddaughterMikadancetoaChineseversionof“Twinkle，TwinkleLittleStar.”“HersoulisChinese，”shesays，“butreallyshe'

sgrowingupAmerican.”

　　HiddenValleyandahandfulofother“culturecamps”servingfamilieswithchildrenfromoverseasreflectthehugeriseinthenumberofforeignadoptions，from7，093in1990to15，774lastyear.MostchildrencomefromRussia（4，491lastyear）andChina（4，206）buttherearealsothousandsofothersadoptedannuallyfromSouthAmerica，AsiaandEasternEurope.Aftercuttingthroughwhatcanbemilesofredtape，parentsoftencomehometofindanewdilemma.“Atfirstyouthink，'

Ineedachild'

，”saysSandyLachterofWashington，D.C.，whowithherhusband，Steve，adoptedAmelia，5，fromChinain1995.“Thenyouthink，'

Whatdoesthechildneed?

'

”

　　Theculturecampsgivefamiliesaplacetofindanswerstothosekindsofquestions.Mostgrewoutoflocalsupportgroups;

HiddenValleywasstartedlastyearbytheBostonchapterofFamilieswithChildrenfromChina，whichincludes650families.Whileparentsaddressweightyissueslikehowtoraisekidsinamixed-racefamily，theirchildrenjusthavefunridinghorses，singingChinesesongsormakingscallionpancakes.“Myphilosophyofcampingisthattheycouldbedoinganything，aslongastheyseeotherChinesekidswithwhiteparents，”saysthedirector，PeterKassen，whoseadopteddaughtersHopeandLilyare6and4.

　　Thecampisacontinuationoflanguageanddanceclassesmanyofthekidsattendduringtheyear.“Whenwerentedoutatheaterfor'

Mulan，'

itwaspacked，”saysStephenChenofBoston，whoseadopteddaughterLindsayis4.ClassesinChineselanguage，artandcalligraphyaretaughtbyexperts，likeRenneLuoftheGreaterBostonChineseCulturalCenter.“Ourmissionistopreservetheheritage，”Lusays.

　　Kidswhoareveterancamperssaytheexperiencehelpsthemunderstandtheircomplexheritage.Sixteen-year-oldAlexwasborninIndiaandadoptedbyKathyandDavidBrintonofBoulder，Colo.，whenhewas7.“IwentthroughastagewhereIhatedIndia，hatedeverythingaboutit，”hesays.“Youjustcouldn'

tmentionIndiatome.”ButaftersixsessionsattheEastIndiaColoradoHeritageCamp，heldatSnowMountainRanchinEstesPark，Colo.，hehopestotraveltoIndiaafterhegraduatesfromhighschoolnextyear.

　　Campcanbealearningexperienceforthewholefamily.WhitneyNing，23，acounselorforfouryears，saystheKoreaHeritageCamphelpedherbecomeclosertoherparents.“Theywerehesitantatfirst，”shesays，“butwhentheysawhowmuchitmeanttome，theybecameverysupportive.”Sometimesthemostdirectroutearoundtheworldisacrossacampfire.

　　注

（1）：

本文选自Newsweek;

10/04/99，p75;

　　注

（2）：

本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text1;

　　1.WhyAmericanparentscometoHiddenValley?

　　[A]Ithasalargegatheringofadoptedchildren.

　　[B]Parentswanttofindaplacetoexchangetheirideas.

　　[C]Ithelpschildrenadapttothenewculturewell.

　　[D]Itisaverygoodplaceforrelaxation.

　　2.Whichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageoftheculturecamp?

　　[A]Itwellreflectstheincreasingforeignadoptions.

　　[B]Parentscanfindtheanswerstotheirquestionsinraisingtheadoptedchildren.

　　[C]Childrencanlearnalotinculturecamp.

　　[D]Ithelpstheadoptedchildrenhaveabetterunderstandingoftheircomplexheritage.

　　3.Theexpression“milesofredtape”（Line5，Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans_________.

　　[A]anumberofchoices

　　[B]manyhardjourneys

　　[C]alotofdifficulties

　　[D]mosttroublesomeprocedures

　　4.WhatisAlex‘sattitudetowardIndianow?

　　[A]Strongdisapproval.

　　[B]Reservedconsent.

　　[C]Slightcontempt

　　[D]Enthusiasticsupport

　　5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

　　[A]ForeignadoptionisacommonphenomenoninAmerica.

　　[B]Childrencandowhatevertheywanttodointheculturecamp.

　　[C]Bothparentsandtheiradoptedchildrencanbenefitfromtheculturecamp.

　　[D]Childrencanreceivebesteducationintheculturecamp.

　　答案：

CADBC

2015年英语考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案

（2）

Inthisweek'

sNature，agroupofzoologistsledbyAndrewWhitenoftheUniversityofStAndrewsinScotlandandChristopheBoeschoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig，Germany，haveprovidedthatevidence.Theyhavesynthesisedtheresultsfromsevenchimpanzee-researchcentresscatteredacrossAfrica，andshownthatchimpscan，indeed，domorethanjustpassontheoddbehaviourpatternhereandthere.Individualgroupsofchimpsexhibitbehavioural“complexes'

thatarerecognisablydifferentfromthoseofothergroups，yetseemtohavenoconnectionwithenvironmentalorgeneticdifferencesbetweenthegroups.Ifthatisnotculture，itisdifficulttothinkwhatis.

　　TheproblemthatconfrontedDrWhitenandDrBoeschwashowtodisentanglewhichofchimpanzees'

manybehaviourpatternsaregeneticallyinstinctive，whicharelearntbyindividualsinisolation（andsoarenotcultural，becausenotcopiedfromothers）andwhichareculturallytransmitted（byanimalscopyingoneanother）。

Theysolveditbystandardisingthereportsfromtheresearchcentres，andpayingasmuchattentiontowhattheanimalsineachplacedidnotdoastowhattheydid.

　　Behaviourpatternsfoundatallsitesweredeemedaslikelytobegeneticascultural（leaf-spongingturnedouttobeinthiscategory），aswerethosewhoseabsencewasduetosomeenvironmentalfactor（fishingalgaeoutofpondsisimpossiblewheretherearenoalgaetofish）。

Norwerebehaviourpatternsthatdidnotappeartobesporadic（diggingfortermites，ratherthanusingasticktofishforthem）classifiedascultural.Theycouldjustaswellhavebeentheresultofindividualinvention，asofcopying.

　　Thatstillleft39behaviourpatternsthatwerecommonatsomesitesandabsentfromothers.Termitefishingwithtwigsandthemid-ribsofleavesweretwo.Sowerebreakingnutsopenwithahammer（whichcouldbedoneinfourdifferentways，eachwithitsownpatternofoccurrenceamongthesites），andpickingmarrowoutofthebonesofhuntedanimalsusingatool.Nordoeschimpanzeeculturerevolvesolelyaroundfood.Somechimpshavedevelopedflywhisksintheformofleaves.Othershavelearnthowtoticklethemselves.Andthereisevenabehaviourpatterntheresearchersrefertoas``raindance'

，thoughittakesplaceinresponsetorain，ratherthanasawayofconjuringitup.

　　Theideathattheseandsome30otherbehaviourpatternsareculturalratherthangeneticwassupportedbythefactthatparticularsub-species（whichdifferfromoneanothergenetically）arenotassociatedwithparticularbehaviours.Indeed，abruptculturaltransitionsoftenoccurinthemiddleofsub-specifichomelands.Shortofdevelopinglanguage（andthereareafewresearcherswhobelievethatchimpscanalsomanagethat），itishardtoseewhatmoreman'

sclosestrelativescouldpossiblyberequiredtodotobeadmittedtothecultureclub.

本文选自Economist;

06/19/99，p82;

本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text3（题目顺序稍做调整）;

　　1.By“Ifthatisnotculture，itisdifficulttothinkwhatis.”（Line8，Paragraph1），the

　　authormeans_______.

　　[A]itisdifficulttodefinewhatcultureis

　　[B]scientistsfeelconfusedaboutculture

　　[C]nobodyknowswhatthecultureis

　　[D]itisnothingbutculture

　　2.Themostdistinctivefeatureofcultureis_________.

　　[A]copyingoneanotheramonganimals

　　[B]passingontheoddbehavioramonganimals

　　[C]learningfromoneanotheramonganimals

　　[D]individualinventionbytheanimals

　　3.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheculturalphenomenonamongthechimps?

　　[A]Optimistic.

　　[B]Affirmative.

　　[C]Carefree.

　　[D]Panicked.

　　4.Whichofthefollowingwillthescientistsnotregardasculturalbehavior?

　　[A]Usingasticktofishfortermites.

　　[B]Breakingnutsopenwithahammer.

　　[C]Makingflywhisksintheformofleaves.

　　[D]Dancinga“raindance”。

　　5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

　　[A]Chimpscanlearn37behaviorsbycopyingoneanother.

　　[B]Genesandenvironmenthavenoeffectonthebehaviorofchimps.

　　[C]Chimpsshouldbeadmittedtothecultureclub.

　　[D]Peoplearetoocriticalofthebehaviorofchimps.

DABAC

2015年英语考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案（3）

Theincome-taxdeadlineapproachesandsometaxpayers‘thoughtsturntoit.Testtimeapproachesandsomestudents’thoughtsturntoit.Temptationappearsandsomespousesconsiderit.Nowadays，cheatingisontherise.“Youwantsomethingyoucan‘tgetbybehavingwithintherules，andyouwantitbadlyenough，you’lldoitregardlessofanyguiltorregret，andyou‘rewillingtoruntheriskofbeingcaught.”That’showLaddWheeler，psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofRochesterinNewYork，definescheating.

　　Cheatingrepresentsthetriumphofthe“BrazenRule”overthe“GoldenRule”，saysTerryPinkard，philosophyprofessoratGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonD.C.“TheGoldenRulesays，‘Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou.’TheBrazenRulesays，‘Dountoothersastheywoulddountoyouiftheywereinyourplace.’”Manyexpertsbelievecheatingisontherise.“We‘reseeingm