江苏省南京市届高三零模考前复习卷英语试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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D.Cuttingnaturallycoloredleather.
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A.Itsreasonableprice.
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2.
Inordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.
OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate,but60%ofthe£
12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.
Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsoeventuallyreplacetheuse-bydate—awidelyusedindicatorofbeingfreshandeatable.
ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.
TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhodevelopedPEGSmadethesensorsbyprintingcarbonelectrodesontoaspecialtypeofpaper.Thematerialsareeco-friendlyandharmless,sotheydon’tdamagetheenvironmentandaresafetouseinfoodpackaging.Thesensors,combinedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.
LeadauthorDrFiratGuderofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfood-bornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.”
“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”
TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplicationsbeyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreathlikethoseinvolvedinkidneydisease.
【小题1】WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?
A.Toimprovethetasteoffoods.
B.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.
C.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods.
D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.
【小题2】WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?
A.Itactsasanelectronicnose.
B.ItreadsthedatacollectedbyPEGS.
C.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper.
D.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.
【小题3】WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?
A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable.
B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.
C.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch.
D.Theyarenotacceptedbytheconsumers.
【小题4】Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?
A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.
B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.
C.Theapplicationofspoilagesensorsbeyondfoodprocessing.
D.Theinfluenceofuse-bydatesonsupermarketsandconsumers.
3.
Ifyourin-boxiscurrentlyreportingunreadmessagesinthehundredsorthousands,youmighthaveahardtimebelievingthenews:
e-mailisonthedecline.
Atfirstthought,thatmightseemtobethecase.Theincominggeneration,afterall,doesn’tdoe-mail.Oh,theymighthaveanaccount.Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:
asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites.Theyrarelycheckit,though.
Today’sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient.Theygowithoutthesalutation(称呼语)andthesignoff(签收);
wealreadyknowthe“to”and“from.”Manycorporationsaremovingtomessagingnetworksforexactlythatreason:
moresignal,lessnoiseandlesstime.Thistrendisfurtherevidencethatstore-and-forwardsystemssuchase-mailandvoicemailareoutdated.Insteadofmyleavingyoualengthymessagethatyoupickuplater,Icannowsendyouaneasily-readmessagethatyoucanread—andrespondto—onthego.
Thecomingofthemobileeraisresponsibleforthedeclineofe-mail.Instantwrittenmessagesbringgreatconvincetopeople.Theycandealwiththemataboutanytime:
beforeamovie,inataxi,waitingforlunch.Andbecausethesemessagesareverybrief,they’resuitableforsmartphonetyping.
Doesthismeane-mailisonitswaytothedustbinofdigitalhistory?
Notnecessarily.E-mailstillhascertainadvantages.Ontheotherhand,tweetsandtextsfeelephemeral—youreadthem,thenthey’regone,intoanendlessstring,e-mailstillfeelslikesomethingyouhaveandthatyoucanfile,searchandreturntolater.It’seasytoimaginethatitwillcontinuetofeelmoreappropriateforformalcommunications:
agreements,importantnews,longerexplanations.
So,e-mailwon’tgoawaycompletely.Remember,we’vebeenthroughatransition(过度)likethisnotsolongago:
whene-mailwasontherise,peoplesaidthatpostalmailwasdead.That’snothowitworks.Postalmailfounditssmallermarket,andsowille-mail.Newtechnologyrarelyreplacesoldonecompletely;
itjustaddsnewalternatives.
【小题1】Whatwouldtheincominggenerationliketodowiththeire-mailaccounts?
A.Checkbankaccounts.
B.Sendlongmessages.
C.Fillinsomeforms.
D.Communicatewiththeircolleagues.
【小题2】Whichofthefollowingismainlydiscussedinparagraphs3and4?
A.Thepossiblereasonsbehindthedeclineofe-mail
B.Thelikesanddislikesoftheyounggeneration
C.Therapiddevelopmentofe-communicationchannels
D.Evidenceabouttheuncertainfutureofeasily-consumedmessages
【小题3】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ephemeral”inparagraph5mean?
A.Automatically-sending.
B.Randomly-written.
C.Hardly-recognized.
D.Shortly-appearing.
【小题4】Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.It’stooearlytodeterminethedeclineofe-mail.
B.E-mailhasreasonstoexistwithitsownadvantages.
C.E-mail,justlikepostalmailhascometoitsend.
D.Weshouldfeelsorryforthedeclineofe-mail.
4.
Eventhoughsomepeoplebelievethatmoneymakestheworldgoaround,manypeoplewouldchoosehealthoverwealth.ForsomeonelikeviolinistRobertGupta,whowasonhiswaytobecomingaphysicianbeforejoiningtheLosAngelesPhilharmonicatage19,music,health,andwealthareallpartofthesamepackage.
Inadditiontomusic,GuptaisdeeplyinterestedinneurobiologyBecauseofhisinterests,hehashadthechancetoworkwithNathanielAnthonyAyers,atalentedmusicianwhosecareerwassidelinedbyschizophrenia.AlthoughAyersstudiedmusicattheJuilliardSchoolYorkCity,hismentalillnessgotinthewayofprofessionalsuccess.
AfterdroppingoutofJulliardandhavingunsuccessfulmedicaltreatmentforhisschizophrenia,AyersmovedtoLosAngeleswhereheendeduphomeless.In2005,ajournalistfortheLosAngelesTimesnamedSteveLopezheardAyersplayingmusicinthestreets.LopezwroteabookaboutAyersandbecamehisfriend.Theirfriendshipbecamethesubjectofamovie,andbecauseofthebookandthemovie,Ayershashadachancetoperformhismusicinsomeofthemostfamousconcerthallsintheworld.
ItseemedlikeAyershadfoundhishappyending.However,herefusestotakemedicationtotreathisschizophrenia.Hesaysitkeepshimfrom“hearingthemusic”.Becauseofthis,Ayersisstillsubjecttoschizophreniaandsometimesleaveshishometogobacktothestreets.
GuptawasintroducedtoAyersafterLopeztookhisfriendtoaperformanceofBeethoven’sFirstandFourthsymphonies,andAyersaskedGupt