中考英语 阅读理解题材Topic 8 天气与自然Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit'
ssafe.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheearthquakestops,anddon'
tdrivenearbridges.Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.Thesecouldfallandhurtyou.
阅读短文,根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
()1.Itisn'
tsafeforyouto_______whiletheearthquakeishappening.
A.runoutofthebuilding
B.stayinacornerofthebuilding
C.coveryourheadwithyourarms
D.coveryourmouthwithatowel
()2.Fromthispassage,weknow_______.
A.manypeoplefearearthquakes
B.earthquakesmaybehappenatanytime
C.wecan'
tsaveourselvesinanearthquake
D.peoplenevergetinjuredinearthquakes
()3.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe"
_______"
.
A.HowEarthquakesHappen
B.HowtoDriveaCar
C.WhatWeShouldDoinEarthquakes
D.WhyEarthquakesHappen
解析
1.ABCD三项在第三段可找到答案;
根据第二段内容可知A项的做法是不安全的,故正确答案为A。
2.B根据第一段前两句可知,地震可能随时会发生,故B项为正确答案。
3.C通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生地震时,我们应该采取哪些措施才能使自己避免受伤,故正确答案为C。
话题专练
一
Earthquakesmayhappenanywhereontheearth.Whensomeplatesoftheearthmovesuddenly,anearthquakehappens.Manyearthquakesbeginunderthesea.Theyoftenhappennearthemountains,too.
Duringanearthquake,theshakingsmakerocksrisesuddenlyandevencrack(断裂)open.Housesfall,peoplearekilledorhurt,andsometimesthewholevillagesorcitiesaredestroyed.
CanwedosomethingtokeepourselvessafefromearthquakesScientistshavestudiedearthquakesandmademapsthatshowthe"
earthquakebelts"
.Inareasinthesebelts,it'
spossibleforearthquakestohappen.Intheseareasweshouldbuildstronghousestofightagainstearthquakes.
Inthefuture,scientistswillbeabletotellwhenandwhereanearthquakewillbebeforetheyhappen.Theycanalsotellpeoplewhattodoandhowtodoit.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
()1.Thereasonforanearthquakeis_______.
A.thattherearesomanyplatesontheearth
B.thattheseaistoodeep
C.rocks'
crackingopen
()2.Alotofearthquakesoftenhappens_______.
A.inthearea
B.nexttomountains
C.atnight
()3.Amapshowingtheearthquakebeltswilltellpeople_______.
A.whatkindofhousestobuild
B.whatkindofhousescanstayupinanearthquake
C.whereearthquakemayhappen
()4.WhichisNotTrueaccordingtothepassage
A.Duringanearthquakepeoplearekilledorhurt.
B.Thescientistscantellwhenandwhereanearthquakeisnow.
C.weshouldbuildstronghousestofightagainstearthquakes.
()5.Inthefuture,we'
llbenolongersoafraidofearthquakes_______.
A.withthehelpofscientists'
exactprediction
B.becauseofamapshowingthe"
C.becausewecanguessthedateandplaceofearthquakes
答案:
1.A根据文章第一段中“Whensomeplatesoftheearthmovesuddenly,anearthquakehappens."
可知,地球是由许多板块构成的,板块的移动产生了地震,所以根源在板块。
2.B根据短文第一段内容可知,地震常发生在山脉附近。
3.C根据短文第三段内容可知,地图将告诉我们地震带常发生地震。
4.B根据短文最后一段内容可知,专家预测将来能判定地震发生的时间和地点,而不是现在。
5.A根据短文最后一段内容可以推测出专家能预测地震发生的时间和地点,所以我们不必担心将来发生地震。
二
HaveyoueverseenagreenhouseMostgreenhouseslooklikeasmallglasshouse.
Greenhousesareusedtogrowplants,especiallyinwinter.Greenhousesworkbytrappingheatfromthesun,theglasspanels(板)ofthegreenhouseletlightin,butkeepheatfromescaping.Thiscausesthegreenhousetoheatup,muchliketheinsideoftheparkedinsunlight,andkeepstheplantswarmenoughtoliveinwinter.
Theearth'
satmosphere(大气)isallaroundus.Itistheairthatwebreathe.Greenhousegasesintheatmospherebehavemuchliketheglasspanelsinagreenhouse.SunlightenterstheEarth'
satmosphere,passingthroughtheblanketofgreenhousegases.AsitreachestheEarth'
ssurface,land,water,andbiosphere(生物圈),theytakeupthesunlight'
senergy.Oncetheheatistakenup,thisenergyissentbackintotheatmosphere.Someoftheenergypassesbackintospace,butmuchofitremainstrappedintheatmospherebythegreenhousegases,causingourworldtoheatup.
Thegreenhouseeffectisimportant.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect,theEarthwouldnotbewarmenoughforhumanstolive.Butifthegreenhouseeffectbecomesstronger,itcouldmaketheearthwarmerthanusual.Evenalittleextrawarmingmaybringproblemstohumans,plants,andanimals.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1.Whataregreenhousesusedfor
________________________________________________________
2.Whyisthetemperatureinthegreenhousehigherthanthatoutside
3.Whatbehavesmuchliketheglasspanelsinagreenhouse
4.Ifwedidn'
thavethegreenhouseeffect,whatwouldhappen
5.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytellus
________________________________________________________
1.Theyareusedforgrowingplants.答案来自第二段的第一句。
2.根据短文第二段中温室效应的工作原理可知,答案是Becausetheglasspanelsofthegreenhousecanletlightin,andkeepheatfromescaping.
3.根据短文第三段的“muchofitremainstrappedintheatmospherebythegreenhousegases”可知,温室塑料板的作用像空中大气层的作用,即答案是Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere.
4.根据最后一段内容可知,如果没有大气层的温室效应,人类就不能生存,即答案为Humanscouldn'
tlivebecausetheearthwouldnotbewarmenough.
5.根据全文内容可知,主要是温室效应及对人类的影响,所以答案为Itmainlytellsuswhatthegreenhouseeffectisanditsinfluence.
三
Noonecanchangetheweather.Butifreadthesignscorrectlyaroundus,wecanknowhowtheweatherwillbe.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallcountries,peoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Manypeoplefeelintheirbonesthecomingofwetweather.Theirjoints(关节)ache.Somebirdsflyhighifthefineweatheriscoming,buttheyflyneargroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.Itisprobablybecauseoftheinsectswhichtheyarehuntingflylow.Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.Ifthestarstwinkleclearlyatnight,thenfineweatherwillcontinue.Ifafogappearsintheeveningjustaboveariver,thenthedaywillbewarm.Ifthesunsetismostlyredincolor,thenthemorning,rainyweatherwillprobablycome.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.
()1.People'
sjointsache_______.
A.isasignofcomingrain
B.becausetheyareill
C.withoutanyreason
D.becauseoftheinsects
()2.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting
A.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweatheronthefollowingdayortwo.
B.Weatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelike.
C.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.
D.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.
()3.Thebirdsflyhighandthestarstwinkleclearlyisasignthattheweatherwill_______.
A.berainy
B.bewarm
C.continueclearandfine
D.becold
()4.Arainbowduringrainyweatherisa_______ofthefineweather.
A.signB.wayC.methodD.road
()5.Wemust_______tomakeweatherforecasting.
A.useoureyesandbrains
B.studytheweatherhard
C.readtheweatherhard
D.alloftheabove
1.A根据短文Manypeoplefeelintheirbonesthecomingofwetweather.可知,人们的一些关节疼痛是雨天来临的标志。
2.B根据短文内容可知,天气预报是对未来几天的预测;
不是对天气的报道,也不是雨天的标志,即排除A、D;
根据短文第一句可知“人们更不能改变天气”排除C,所以答案是B。
3.C根据短文中Somebirdsflyhighifthefineweatheriscoming,和Ifthestarstwinkleclearlyatnight,thenfineweatherwillcontinue.可知,鸟儿飞的高和夜晚星光灿烂是天气晴朗、温度适宜的象征。
4.A根据短文中Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.可知,雨后彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。
5.D从整篇文章来看,对天气的了解不仅靠人们的眼睛和大脑,还要继续多观察和研究,所以选D。
四
"
Green"
ismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment—thewater,theland,andtheairwebreathe.WhatcanyoudoHere'
soneoftheguidestobeinggreen:
Sometimespeoplecalloursocietya"
throwawaysociety"
.Thatmeansthatwe'
realittlewillingtothrowawayoldthingsandbuynewthings.Manytimes,evenifyounolongerneedsomething,someoneelsejustmight.Forexample,ifyourbabybrotherdoesn'
twanthisplasticbasketballhoop(篮筐),whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywhohasalittlekid
Herearesomeotherwaystoreusethethingsyouhave:
Userechargeable(可再充电的)batteriesforyourlaptops,MP3players,cellphones,anddigitalcameras.
Choosereusabletravelcupsinsteadofdisposable(一次性的)paperorplasticcups.
Takeyourownbagswhenyougotothegrocerystore.
Drinktapwaterinsteadofbuyingbottledwater.Ifyoudon'
tlikehowyourtapwatertastes,alow-costfiltration(过滤)systemcouldmakea