非谓语动词教案 定Word下载.docx

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非谓语动词教案 定Word下载.docx

c.动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+todo

Ifounditimpossibletofinishtheworkontime.

3)作宾语补足语.

a.动词+宾语+todo

Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.

有以上结构的动词有:

tell,wish,ask,want,beg,permit,warn,allow,advise,encourage等

b.动词+宾语+不带to的动词

在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式,

如let,make,have,hear,see,feel,smell,hear,watch等。

Theteachermakesmerewritethecomposition.

Iheardhersaythatshewastired

但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to.

hadbetter,wouldrather,donothingbut等后常省略to

4)作表语。

Myjobistohelpthepatient.

5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件.

Icameheretoseeyou.(目的)

Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.(原因)

目的状语还可以用inorderto或soasto来表示.

Inordertopasstheexam,heworkedveryhard.

Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate.

不定式也可在作表语用的形容词后面作状语.

Iamverygladtohearit.

Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.

“too十形容词或副词十不定式”作状语.

Heistoooldtodothat.

另外句子中有enough这个词时,常用不定式作状语.

Theroomisbigenoughtoholdus.

6)作定语.必须后置

Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.

7)由only,last,next序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语;

不定式还可用作名词或代词的的宾语

Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveatschool.

You’llfindsomethingtointerestyouhere.

8)It’s+adj.forsb.todosth.和It’s+adj.ofsb.todosth.

a.forsb.句型常表示事物的特征特点、客观形势的形容词,

如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等。

It’sveryhardforhimtofinishtheworkintwohours.

b.ofsb.句型一般用表示人物的性格、口德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,

如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等。

It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.

一.选择填空。

1.Tellhim___thewindow.

 A.toclosenotB.nottocloseC.tonotcloseD.notclose

 2.Pauldoesn'

thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.

 A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning

 3.You'

dbetter_______thestoryinJapanese.

 A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk

 4.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.

 A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating

 5.----Iusuallygotherebytrain.

  ----Whynot___byboatforachange?

 A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing

 6.Therearesomebooksonthefloor,wouldyoulike________?

 A.topickthemupB.topickupthemC.pickitupD.pickupit

 7.Sheisveryill,let'

s_______adoctoratonce.

 A.towakeupB.sendforC.topayforD.payfor

 8.Iwant________ateacherwhenIgrowup.

 A.tobeB.toC.beD.being

 9.It'

scoldhere.You'

dbetter______yourcoat.

 A.nottakeoutB.nottotakedownC.nottakeoffD.nottotakeaway

 10.Mymothertoldme________morewater.

 A.drinkingB.drankC.todrinkD.drink

二、适当形式填空

1.Haveyoudecided________(怎样度假).

2.Itisdangerous________(玩火).

3.Shewasthefirstwoman________(环球飞行的).

4.Theboywasmade________(重复他自己的故事).

5.Theoldladylookedatthechildren________(穿过马路).

6.Ittookmemuchtime________(算出这些难题)yesterday.

7.Thebossmadetheworkers________(一天工作十小时).

8.Idon’tknow________(在会上说什么).

9.Canyoutellme________(在哪里能买到这本书)?

10.________(在何时何地召开这会议)hasn’tbeendecidedyet.

1.howtospendyourholiday

2.toplaywithfire

3.toflyaroundtheearth

4.toreporthisownstory

5.tocrosstheroad

6.toworkoutthesedifficultproblems

7.worktenhourseveryday

8.whattosayatthemeeting

9.wheretobuythisbook

10.Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting

(二)动名词

1.动名词由动词+ing构成;

具有动词和名词的性质;

在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.

2.用法:

1)作主语.例如:

Seeingisbelieving.

注意:

动名词和不定式都可以作主语,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为,

不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作.

Playingwithfireisdangerous.(泛指玩火)

Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.(指一具体动作)

2)作表语.例如:

Herjobisteaching.

3)作宾语.

Heisfondofplayingfootball.

Ilikeswimming.

注:

a.只能接动名词的动词:

finish,mind,suggest,practise,enjoy,advise,consider,keep,imagine等

b.既可接动名词又可接不定式的动词:

begin,start,like,prefer,love,hate等

区别:

后接动名词表示经常性动作,后接不定式表示具体的特定动作。

c.forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。

4)作定语.

Hehasareadingroom.fnishingline终点线

5)动名词的复合结构:

形容词性的物主代词+动名词,名词所有格+动名词

例如:

Hiscomingmademeveryhappy.

Mary’scryingannoyedhim.

6)某些固定结构(动名词特殊用法)

a.Thereisno+v-ing“…是不可能的”。

Thereisnoknowinghowoldsheis.(=Itisimpossibletoknowhowoldsheis.)

b.itisnouse/good+doing“…是没有用的”,thereisnopointindoingsth“…是没必要的”。

Itisnousetryingtopersuadehim.(=Itisofnousetotrytopersuadehim.)

Thereisnopointintellingherthisnews.(=Itisnotnecessarytotellherthenews.)

c.go+doing(大部分指运动和游戏)。

Hewentshopping/hiking/swimming/fishingetc.

d.bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

e.no+doing禁止……

f.can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事

g.needdoing需要被做……

h.动名词短语常用在以下结构中:

havedifficulty(in)+doingsth例:

Wehavegreatdifficulty(in)solvingtheproblem.

havetrouble(in)+doingsth例:

Theyhadproblemgettingthere.

havefun(in)+doingsthhaveagood/hardtime(in)+doingsth

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Canyouimagineyourself______ inalonelyisland?

(stay)

2.Ican'

tunderstandyour______ atthatpoorchild.(laugh)

3.Shedidn'

tmind_______ overtime.(work)

4.Tomakealiving,hetried_______,________,andvariousotherthings,

buthehadfailedinall.(write;

paint)

5.WearelookingforwardtoMary'

s________ .(come).

6.Shewaspraisedfor_______thelifeofthechild.(save)

7.Sheoughttobepraisedinsteadof______(criticize).

8.Isthereanypossibilityofour______ thechampionship?

(win)

9.Hecametothepartywithout_______(invite) 

10.Don’tkeepme__________(wait)foralongtime.

11.Knivesareusedfor______________(cut)things.

12.Canyoufinish___________(read)thebookinthreedays?

13.Thedoctorwasbusy____________(operate)ontheboyatthattime.

14.Stop___________(talk)andlistentomecarefully.

15.Thankyouverymuchfor____________(help)us.

16.Grannyisveryillandshedoesn’tfeellike___________(eat)anything.

17.Thegirlenjoys___________(listen)tolightmusic.

18.Doyouremember___________(buy)meabeautifulskirtonmy13thbirthday?

19.Wecouldn’thelp_________(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystory.

20.Whatabout___________(go)outforawalk?

答案:

(B)1.staying      2.laughing 3.working

 4.writing;

painting ing  6.havingsaved

 7.beingcriticized  8.winning 9.beinginvited 

10.waiting11.cutting12.reading

13.operating14.talking15.helping

16.eating17.listening18.buying

19.laughing20.going

(三)分词

1.分词的时态和语态

l)分词分为现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词有一般式和完成式.一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为;

完成式(having十过去分词)表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作.

Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

Havingstudiedintheuniversityfor3years,heknowsthewayverywell.

2)现在分词有一般式和完成式,且有主动语态和被动语态,当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时,分词用被动语态,如果要强调分词的动作先于谓语动作,就用分词完成式的被动形式.

Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant:

Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.

过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作,本身有被动的含义,所以只有一般式没有完成式.

2.分词的用法

现在分词

1)作表语(相当于形容词):

Thenewsissurprising.

2)作定语:

分词短语做定语时,放在被修饰的名词之后。

Themanstandingbythewindowisourteacher.

单个分词做定语时,放在被修饰的名词之前.例如:

developingcountry发展中国家

3)作状语:

分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、行为方式、伴随状况等。

Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.(原因)

Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.(时间)

4)作宾语补足语.例如:

Wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.

可以带现在分词作宾补的动词有:

see,hear,feel,notice,find,watch,smell,lookat,listento,have,get,keep,catch,leave,set等。

5)现在分词的否定形式“not+v-ing”

Notunderstandingthemeaningofthewords,hecouldn’texplainthesentence.

过去分词

1)作表语:

Theglassisbroken.

2)作定语:

spokenEnglish英语口语fallenleaves落叶

3)作状语:

Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.(方式)

Askedwhyhewasabsent,hesaidhewasill.(时间)

4)作宾补:

You’dbetterhaveyourshoesmended.

5)过去分词的否定形式:

not+v过去分词

Notworriedbyhisfailure,hewentondoinghisexperiments.

Hehadhisclotheswashed.(他叫别人洗了衣服)

Wehadthefireburningallday.(我们使火燃烧了一整天)。

“have十宾语十现在分词”表示主体使客体处于某状态或干什么事;

“have十宾语十过去分词”表示动作是别人做的或与主体意志无关.

巩固练习:

一、用括号中的动词适当形式填空

1.Wearesoglad________(hear)thenews.

2.Isawhim________(cross)theroadsafelyand________(run)away.

3.Youcan’tmakehim________(do)whatyouwant.

4.Idon’tknowwhere________(meet)him.

5.Whatmakesyou________(think)I’mafarmer?

6.Didyouseehim________(go)upstairs?

7.Itisbetter________(put)yourmoneyinabank.

8.Itisdifficultfortheboy________(swim)acrosstheriver.

9.Ilethim________(go)earlyashewanted________(meet)hisuncleatthestation.

10.Willyouhelpme________(move)thebed?

11.Ifhedoesn’tknow,how________(use)therecorder,you’dbetter________(show)him.

12.Heisthelastone________(leave)theofficeeveryday.

13.It’sbadmanners________(shout)inpublic.

14.Theboyisoldenough________(dress)himself.

15.Sheistooill________(go)toschool.

(A)1.tohear2.cross,run3.do4.tomeet5.think

6.go7.toput8.toswim9.go,tomeet10.(to)meet

11.touse,show12.toleave13.toshout14.todress15.togo

二、根据句意改写句子

1.Theoldmanissooldthathecan’twork.

Theoldmanistooold.

2.Idon’tknowhowIcangettotheTVfactory.

Idon’tknowtotheTV

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