新视野大学英语第三版第二册课文语法讲解Unit7培训讲学Word下载.docx
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bossesaremuchmoreaccessibletotheiremployees;
they'
remuchmore
sensitiveandintimatewiththeiremployees."
2Femalebossestodayarestilfindingtheyfacesubtleresistance.Thereis
stilasegmentofthepopulation,bothmenand,surprisingly,womenwho
reportlowtoleranceforfemalebosses.Thegrowingpresenceoffemale
bosseshasalsoprovokedtwomajorquestionsthatrevolvearoundstyles:
Do
menandwomenmanagedifferently,and,ifso,isthatagoodthing?
3Monicaisdisposedtothinkso,onbothcounts.Nowa40-year-oldmotherof
four,sheispresidentofapublicsectorlaborunionwith45,000
members."
Relationswithmyemployeesareprobablydifferentfromthoseof
malemanagersprecedingme,"
shesays."
Iknowwhatit'
sliketohavetocal
andsaymykidgotthemumpssoIwon'
tbecomingin.Ihaveamoreflexible
style—notsoft,justmoreunderstanding."
ThemanwhoisMonica'
sassistant
agrees,"
Shetendstodelegatemoreandisalwayslookingforaconsensus.
Peoplearehappyandflourishbecausetheyhaveaninputintodecisionsand
theyarenotmerebystanders;
theirenergiesareharnessed.Ontheother
hand,consensustakeslonger."
4So,arethedifferencessymbolicorreal?
Plausiblestudiessuggestthatmen
aretypicalyhierarchical,goal-orientedandfeelentitled.Women,bycontrast,
managediplomaticaly,andsharepower.Thatpointofviewisoften
chalengedandargued.Someproclaimthatmenandwomenofsimilar
backgrounds,experienceandaspirationsbasicalymanageinthesame
way.Thisviewisechoedbyyoungerwomen,especialythosewhohave
encounteredlittlegenderdiscrimination.Thatwascertainlythelessonfor
Nicole.Whenherfatherdiedofaheartattack,shewasanemployeeat
apetroleumproductsexportcompany.Shequitandtookoverherfamily'
s
160-acrefruitfarminSt.David'
sCounty.Onherfirstdayinthefield,aworker
caledher"
darling"
."
Hewastryingtotestme.Iwasshakingwithanger,"
says
Nicole,now34."
Istooderectandsaid,‘Youwouldn'
thavecaledmyfather
darlingandyou'
renotgoingtotakethatlibertywithme.Ifyoudo,I'
lfireyou.'
5Whenwomenworkforwomen,adifferentdynamicoftentakesover.Susan,
acashierinaTorontoauctionhouse,saysthatshehasexploredfriendships
withsomeofherfemalebossesandfeelsshecanrelyonthemmore.While
womenmayfeelmoreateasewithafemaleboss,menoftenhaveto
makeconcessionstothenewworkingstyles.Brian,amarinebiologist,says,
IttookmeacoupleofyearsbeforeIfeltcomfortableenoughtorelaxarounda
femalemanager.Infact,myrelationswithherweremuchmorebusinesslike."
6Tosomeextent,themale-femaledifferencescomedowntoconflicting
styles.Onefemalevice-presidentdiscussedthetimesheburstintotears
duringameeting."
Menthinkthattearsareanuclearweaponinaconventional
war.Theytakeexceptiontoawomancrying,inferringthatshe'
sfeeling
unhappyorviolated."
Themenfailedtounderstandthatwhatpromptedher
tearswasnothurtbutgenuinerage."
Whenwecry,it'
sbecausewehaveal
thisvalidragethathasnoappropriaterelease,"
shesays."
Womencry;
men
getreliefbygoingonwiththeoffenseorbyveilingtheirfeelingsto
appearcomposed."
7Deborah,presidentofafirmwithitsheadquartersinToronto,saysthateven
********ifmendounderstand,theysometimesreactdifferentlyto
theidenticalinformationandtohercooperativemanagementstyle.
8Deborahsaysthatherauthorityissometimesunderminedbyperceptions
abouthergender."
Itstemsfromthewholesocialcontextoftraditionalrolesfor
menandwomen,"
Momwouldtelyoutodothings,butperhapsyou
wouldn'
ttakeasmuchnoticeaswhenDadtoldyoutodothings.Menalso
haveastrongerurgetocontrol,"
shesays.
9Forfemalebosses,thegreatexpectationofsomefemaleemployeesisone
moreobstacle.Juniorwomenassumeafemalebosswilpromotethemmore
quicklythanamanwould.But,theyalsoexpectfemalebossestobemore
self-sufficient."
Theyask,‘Whycan'
tyouscanyourownstuff?
'
or‘Whycan'
t
youdoyourownfiling?
saysoneseniorfemaleexecutive.
10Ontheotherhand,thereisnodisputethatafewdecadesagotheywould
*********rarelyhavehadafemalebossintheworkplace.Nina,a
managementconsultantsaysshe'
svaguelyoptimistic."
I'
mlookingforwardto
theday,beforeIdie,whenwerecognizethatthebestmanagementstyleswil
becomposedofthebestthatbothgendersbringtothetable..."
Wel,she
pauses,maybenotbeforeshedies,perhapsinherdaughter'
slifetime.
LanguagePoints:
1WhenMonicaappliedforajobasanadministrativeassistantin1971,shewas
askedwhethershewouldratherworkforamaleorafemaleattorney.（Para.1）
Meaning:
Monicawasaskedifshewouldliketoworkforamaleorafemalelawyerwhen
sheappliedforamanagingjobatalawfirmin1971.
Sentencestructurenote:
“wouldrather”句型
1wouldrather的意思是“宁愿；
宁可；
更；
最好；
还是…为好”，后接动词原形，表示优先
选择的一种方式。
其否定形式是wouldrathernotdosth.,wouldrather没有人称和数的变
化，所有的人称一律用wouldrather。
例如：
*Ifyou/hewouldratherbealone,we’lalleavehere.如果你/他宁愿独自呆着，那我们会都
离开这儿。
2wouldrather后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，表示希望或宁愿某人按某特
定的方式做某事，这个结构常常表达的是现在或将来的行为。
*I’dratheryoudidn’tmakeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.我想目前你还是
不要对此事发表任何评论。
2“Ifeltthatamale-boss/female-employeerelationshipwasmorenatural,needing
nopersonalaccommodationwhatsoever.”（Para.1）
Ifeltthattherewasnoneedtocompromiseinarelationshipbetweenamale
bossandafemaleemployeesinceitwasmorenatural.
3But20yearslater,whenshewasaskedthesamequestion,shesaid,“Iwas
pleasantlysurprisedthatfemalebossesaremuchmoreaccessibletotheir
employees;
they’remuchmoresensitiveandintimatewiththeiremployees.”（Para.
1）
However,whenshewasaskedthesamequestion20yearslater,She
respondedthatitwasanicesurprisetofindoutthatfemalebosseshadbeenmucheasier
toapproach,moreunderstanding,andclosertotheirworkers.
Meaningbeyondwords:
Heranswerwasentirelydifferentfromwhatshehadresponded
20yearsbefore.Itcanbeassumedthatshegainedthisparticularfeelinggradualy.
4Femalebossestodayarestillfindingtheyfacesubtleresistance.（Para.2）
Femalebossestodayarestilexperiencinggender
discrimination,thoughitmaynotalwaysbeobviousornoticeable.
5Thereisstillasegmentofthepopulation,bothmenand,surprisingly,women
whoreportlowtoleranceforfemalebosses.（Para.2）
Aportionofpeople,menand,unexpectedly,evenwomenstatethattheycan
hardlybearworkingwithfemalebosses.
6Thegrowingpresenceoffemalebosseshasalsoprovokedtwomajorquestions
thatrevolvearoundstyles:
Domenandwomenmanagedifferently,and,ifso,is
thatagoodthing?
（Para.2）
Withthenumberoffemalebossesincreasing,twoquestionshavebeenraised
intermsofstyles:
Domenandwomenworkdifferently?
Arethedifferencesgoodfor
managementifthereareany?
7Monicaisdisposedtothinkso,onbothcounts.Nowa40-year-oldmotheroffour,
sheispresidentofapublicsectorlaborunionwith45,000members.（Para.3）
Monica,a40-year-oldmotheroffourchildrenandpresidentofapublicsector
laborunionwith45,000members,isinclinedtolookatthesetwopointspositively:
Womendomanagedifferentlyfrommenandthatisagoodthing.
Note:
“Apublicsectorlaborunion”（alsopublicsectortradeunion）referstoalaborunion
whichprimarilyrepresentstheinterestsofemployeeswithinpublicsector
（government-owned,supportedorregulated）organizations.Publicsectorunionshave
becomesomeofthelargerormoreinfluentialunionsincertainareasoftheworldin
recenttimesasprivatesectorunionmembershiphasdeclinedsharply.
8“Relationswithmyemployeesareprobablydifferentfromthoseofmale
managersprecedingme,”shesays.“Iknowwhatit’sliketohavetocallandsaymy
kidgotthemumpssoIwon’tbecomingin.Ihaveamoreflexiblestyle—notsoft,
justmoreunderstanding.”（Para.3）
Shesaidthatshewasperhapsdifferentformthepreviousmalemanagersin
relationwiththeemployeesbecausesheknewwhatitmeantwhensomeonehadtomake
aphonecaltellingherthatheorshewouldn’tgotoworkduetotheilnessoftheirchild.
Sheaddedthatshewasmoreflexibleandunderstandingbutnotweakerintermsof
workingstyle.
Inabroadsense,femalebossesarebetterthanmalebossesin
boss-employeerelationsbecausetheyaremoreunderstandingandtendtoshowmore
considerationtotheiremployees.
9ThemanwhoisMonica’sassistantagrees,“Shetendstodelegatemoreandis
alwayslookingforaconsensus.Peoplearehappyandflourishbecausetheyhave
aninputintodecisionsandtheyarenotmerebystanders;
theirenergiesare
harnessed.Ontheotherhand,consensustakeslonger.”（Para.3）
ThemanwhoisMonica’sassistantholdsthesameopinionthatsheusually
givespeoplemorerightsandisalwaysseekingagreement.Sincepeoplehavetheirvoice
hear
升级会员 