学年小学六年级英语总复习资料小学升初中应备精品Word文件下载.docx
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☆注意☆比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西.
典型错误:
Myhairislongerthanyou.(我的头发比你更长.)
比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性.
应该改为:
Myhairislongerthanyours.或Myhairislongerthanyourhair.
比较级专项练习:
一,从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavytalllongbig
(1)HowistheYellowRiver
(2)HowisMrGreenHe'
s175cm.
(3)HowareyourfeetIwearsize18.
(4)HowisthefishIt'
s2kg.
三:
动词过去式详解
动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A,规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:
如worked,learned,cleaned,visited
②以e结尾的动词直接加d:
如lived,danced,used
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study–studiedcarry–carriedworry–worried(注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped
B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go-went,take-took,buy-bought,get-got,read-read,fly-flew,am/is-was,
are-were,say-said,leave-left,swim-swam,tell-told,draw-drew,come-came,lose-lost,find-found,drink-drank,hurt-hurt,feel-felt
四:
动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating
②以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:
running,swimming,sitting,getting
五:
人称代词与物主代词
一、人称代词
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
二、物主代词
数
人称
类别
第一
第二
第三
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
its
our
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
hers
ours
theirs
汉语
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他(她、它)们的
六:
句型专项归类
1.肯定句:
是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:
mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.
Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:
00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.
2,否定句:
含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:
mnotastudent.Sheisnot(isn'
t)adoctor.
Hedoesnot(doesn'
t)workinahospital.Therearenot(aren'
t)fourfansinourclassroom.
Hewillnot(won'
t)eatlunchat12:
00.Ididnot(didn'
t)watchTVyesterdayevening.
☆注意☆小结:
否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词"
not"
.有动词be的句子则"
加在be后面,可缩写成"
isn'
t,aren'
t"
但amnot一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"
你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"
don'
t,doesn'
t,didn'
t).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"
does"
只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"
did"
只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"
.
3,一般疑问句:
是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"
yes"
或"
no"
来回答.
如:
AreyouastudentYes,Iam/No,I'
mnot.
IssheadoctorYes,sheis./No,sheisn'
t.
DoesheworkinahospitalYes,hedoes./No,hedoesn'
AretherefourfansinourclassroomYes,thereare./No,therearen'
AreyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonightYes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearen'
t.)
Willheeatlunchat12:
00Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won'
t).
AretheyswimmingYes,theyare./No,theyaren'
DidyouwatchTVyesterdayeveningYes,Idid./No,Ididn'
一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"
.一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.
4,特殊疑问句:
以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"
yes,no"
来回答.如:
WhatisthisIt'
sacomputer.
WhatdoeshedoHe'
sadoctor.
WhereareyougoingI'
mgoingtoBeijing.
WhoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoonMike.
WhichseasondoyoulikebestSummer.
WhendoyouusuallygetupIusuallygetupat6:
30.
WhoseskirtisthisIt'
sAmy'
s.
WhydoyoulikespringbestBecauseIcanplanttrees.
HowareyouI'
mfine./I'
mhappy.
HowdidyougotoXinjiangIwenttoXinjiangbytrain.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:
howmany(多少(数量)),howmuch(多少(钱)),howtall(多高),howlong(多长),howbig(多大),howheavy(多重)
例句:
HowmanypencilsdoyouhaveIhavethreepencils.
HowmanygirlscanyouseeIcanseefourgirls.
HowmanydesksarethereinyourclassroomThereare51.
☆小结:
howmany用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave你有多少……
Howmany+名词复数+canyousee你能看见多少……
Howmany+名词复数+arethere…有多少……
七:
完全,缩略形式:
I'
m=Iamhe'
s=heisshe'
s=sheisthey'
re=theyareyou'
re=youarethere'
s=thereisthey'
re=theyarecan'
t=cannotdon'
t=donotdoesn'
t=doesnotisn'
t=isnotaren'
t=arenotlet'
s=letuswon'
t=willnotI'
ll=Iwillwasn'
t=wasnot
总结:
通常情况下,'
m即am,'
s即is(但let'
s=letus),'
re即are,n'
t即not(但can'
t=cannot)
八:
小学英语词汇不完全归类表
学习用品(schoolthings):
pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comicbook漫画书postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinesebook语文书Englishbook英语书mathbook数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典
人体(body):
foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴
颜色(colours):
red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕
动物(animals):
cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹spermwhale抹香鲸killerwhale虎鲸
人物(people):
friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔;
舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士;
小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother(外)祖母grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟;
堂(表)姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长universitystudent大学生penpal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人
职业(jobs):
teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TVreporter电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseballplayer棒球运动员assistant售货员police警察
食品,饮料(food&
drink):
rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hotdog热狗hamburger汉堡包Frenchfries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐
水果,蔬菜(fruit&
vegetables):
apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子greenbeans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜
衣服(clothes):
jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布
交通工具(vehicles):
bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车;
面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motorcycle摩托车
杂物(otherthings):
window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher'
sdesk讲台picture图画;
照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trashbin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子endtable床头柜football/soccer足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsawpuzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件trafficlight交通灯money钱medicine药
地点(locations):
home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间livingroom起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆postoffice邮局policeoffice警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teacher'
soffice教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom卫生间artroom绘画教室computerroom计算机教室musicroom音乐教室TVroom电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruitstand水果摊petshop宠物商店naturepark自然公园themepark主题公园sciencemuseum科学博物馆theGreatWall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡busstop公交车站
课程(classes):
sports体育运动science科学MoralEducation思想品德课SocialStudies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课
国家,城市(countries&
cities):
China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚NewYork纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo开罗
气象(weather):
cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weatherreport天气预报
景物(nature):
river河流lake湖泊stream河;
溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮
植物(plants):
flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子
星期(week):
Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末
月份(months):
Jan.(January)一月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月
季节(seasons):
spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬
方位(directions):
south南north北east东west西left左边right右边
患病(illness):
haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼
数词(numbers):
one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen