新视野大学英语4原文完整打印版Word文件下载.docx

新视野大学英语4原文完整打印版Word文件下载.docx

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Thosewhogainfamemostoftengainitasaresultofexploitingtheirtalentforsinging,dancing,painting,orwriting,etc.

Theydevelopastylethatagentsmarketaggressivelytohastenpopularity,andtheirrideontheexpresselevatortothetopisablur<

Mostwouldbehard-pressedtotellyouhowtheyevengotthere.

Artistscannotremainidle<

though.

Whentheperformer,painterorwriterbecomesbored<

theirworkbeginstoshowalackofcontinuityinitsappealanditbecomesdifficulttosustaintheattentionofthepublic.

Aftertheirenthusiasmhasdissolved,thepublicsimplymovesontothenextflavorofthemonth.

Artistswhodoattempttoremaincurrentbymakingevenminutechangestotheirstyleofwriting,dancingorsinging,runasignificantriskoflosingtheaudience'

sfavor.

Thepublicsimplydiscountsstylesotherthanthoseforwhichtheartisthasbecomefamous.

Famousauthors'

styles—aTennesseeWilliamsplayoraplotbyErnestHemingwayorapoembyRobertFrostorT.S.Eliot—areeasilyrecognizable.

ThesameistrueofpainterslikeMonet,Renoir,orDaliandmoviemakerslikeHitchcock,Fellini,Spielberg,ChenKaigeorZhangYimou.

Theirdistinctstylesmarkedasignificantchangeinformfromothersandgainedthemfameandfortune.

However,theypaidforitbygivingupthefreedomtoexpressthemselveswithotherstylesorforms.

Fame'

sspotlightcanbehotterthanatropicaljungle<

—afraudisquicklyexposed,andthepressureofsomuchattentionistoomuchformosttoendure.

Ittakesyououtofyourself:

Youmustbewhatthepublicthinksyouare,notwhatyoureallyareorcouldbe.

Theperformer,likethepolitician,mustoftenpleasehisorheraudiencesbysayingthingsheorshedoesnotmeanorfullybelieve.

Onedropoffamewilllikelycontaminatetheentirewellofaman'

ssoul,andsoanartistwhoremainstruetohimselforherselfisparticularlyamazing.

Youwouldbehard-pressedtounderlinemanynamesofthosewhohavenotcompromisedandstillsucceededinthefamegame.

Anexample,thefamousIrishwriterOscarWilde,knownforhisuncompromisingbehavior,bothsocialandsexual,towhichthepublicobjected<

paidheavilyforremainingtruetohimself.

ThemotherofayoungmanOscarwasintimatewithaccusedhimatabanquetinfrontofhisfriendsandfansofsexuallyinfluencingherson.

Extremelyangeredbyherremarks,hesuedtheyoungman'

smother,assertingthatshehaddamagedhis"

good"

name.

Heshouldhavehiredabetterattorney<

ThejudgedidnotsecondWilde'

scalltohavethewomanpayfordamaginghisname,andinsteadfinedWilde.

Heendedupinjailafterrefusingtopay,andevenworse,waspermanentlyexpelledfromthewidercircleofpublicfavor.

Whenthingswereattheirworst,hefoundthatnoonewaswillingtoriskhisorhernameinhisdefense.

Hispriceforremainingtruetohimselfwastobeleftalonewhenheneededhisfansthemost.

Curiouslyenough,itisthosewhofailthatreapthegreatestreward:

freedom!

Theyenjoythefreedomtoexpressthemselvesinuniqueandoriginalwayswithoutfearoflosingthesupportoffans.

Failedartistsmayfindcomfortinknowingthatmanygreatartistsneverfoundfameuntilwellaftertheyhadpassedawayorinknowingthattheydidnotsellout.

Theymayjustifytheirfailurebyconvincingthemselvestheirgeniusistoosophisticatedforcontemporaryaudiences.

Single-mindedartistswhocontinuetheirquestforfameevenafterfailuremightalsoliketoknowthatfailurehasmotivatedsomefamouspeopletoworkevenhardertosucceed.

ThomasWolfe,theAmericannovelist<

hadhisfirstnovelLookHomeward,Angelrejectedtimesbeforeitwasfinallypublished.

Beethovenovercamehisfather,whodidnotbelievethathehadanypotentialasamusician,tobecomethegreatestmusicianintheworld.

AndPestalozzi,thefamousSwisseducatorinthethcentury,failedateveryjobheeverhaduntilhecameupontheideaofteachingchildrenanddevelopingthefundamentaltheoriestoproduceanewformofeducation.

ThomasEdisonwasthrownoutofschoolinthefourthgrade,becauseheseemedtohisteachertobequitedull.

Unfortunatelyformostpeople,however,failureistheendoftheirstruggle,notthebeginning.

Isaytothosewhodesperatelyseekfameandfortune:

goodluck.

Butalas<

youmayfindthatitwasnotwhatyouwanted.

Thedogwhocatcheshistaildiscoversthatitisonlyatail.

Thepersonwhoachievessuccessoftendiscoversthatitdoesmoreharmthangood.

Soinsteadoftryingsohardtoachievesuccess,trytobehappywithwhoyouareandwhatyoudo.

Trytodoworkthatyoucanbeproudof.

Maybeyouwon'

tbefamousinyourownlifetime,butyoumaycreatebetterart.

Unit_passage_english_b

Onesummerdaymyfathersentmetobuysomewireandfencingtoputaroundourbarntopenupthebull<

At,Ilikednothingbetterthangettingbehindthewheelofourtruckanddrivingintotownontheoldmillroad.

Waterfromthemill'

swheelsprayedinthesunshinemakingarainbowoverthecanalandIoftenstoppedthereonmywaytobatheandcooloffforaspell—naturalairconditioning<

Thesunwassohot,IdidnotneedatowelasIwasdrybythetimeIclimbedtheclaybanksandcrossedtheroadditchtothetruck.

Justbeforetown,theroadshotalongtheseawhereIwouldcollectseashellsorgatherseaweedbeneaththegiantcraneunloadingtheships.

Thistripwasdifferent,though.

MyfatherhadtoldmeI'

dhavetoaskforcreditatthestore.

Itwas,andtheuglyshadowofracismwasstillafactoflife.

I'

dseenmyfriendsaskforcreditandthenstand,headdown,whileastoreownerenquiredintowhethertheywere"

goodforit"

Manystoreclerkswatchedblackyouthswiththeassumptionthattheywerethieveseverytimetheyevenwentintoagrocery.

Myfamilywashonest.

Wepaidourdebts.

Butjustbeforeharvest,allthemoneyflowedout.

Therewerenonewdepositsatthebank.

Cashwasshort.

AtDavisBrothers'

GeneralStore,BuckDavisstoodbehindtheregister,talkingtoamiddle-agedfarmer.

Buckwasatall,weatheredmaninaredhuntingshirtandInoddedasIpassedhimonmywaytothehardwaresectiontogetacontainerofnails,acoilofbindingwireandfencing.

Ipulledmypurchasesuptothecounterandplacedthenailsinthetrayofthescale,sayingcarefully,"

Ineedtoputthisoncredit."

MybrowwasmoistwithnervoussweatandIwipeditawaywiththebackofmyarm.

Thefarmergavemeanamused<

cynicallook,butBuck'

sfacedidn'

tchange.

Sure,"

hesaideasily,reachingforhisbookletwherehekeptrecordsforcredit.

Igaveasighofrelief<

Yourdaddyisalwaysgoodforit."

Heturnedtothefarmer.

ThishereisoneofJamesWilliams'

sons.

Theybrokethemoldwhentheymadethatman."

Thefarmernoddedinaneighborlyway.

Iwasfilledwithpride.

JamesWilliams'

son."

Thosethreewordshadopenedadoortoanadult'

srespectandtrust.

AsIheavedtheheavyfreightintothebedofthetruck,Ididsowithease,feelinglikeastrongermanthantheonethatleftthefarmthatmorning.

Ihaddiscoveredthatagoodnamecouldfurnishacapitalofgoodwillofgreatvalue.

EveryoneknewwhattoexpectfromaWilliams:

adecentpersonwhokepthiswordandrespectedhimselftoomuchtodowrong.

Mygreatgrandfathermayhavebeensoldasaslaveatauction<

butthiswasnotanexcusetodowrongtoothers.

Insteadmyfatherbelievedtheonlywaytohonorhimwasthroughhardworkandrespectforallmen.

Wechildren—eightbrothersandtwosisters—couldenjoyourgoodname,unearned,unlessanduntilwedidsomethingtoloseit.

Wehadaninterestinhowoneanotherbehavedandourownactionsaswell,lestwedestroythenamemyfatherhadcreated.

Ourgoodnamewasandstillisthegluethatholdsourfamilytighttogether.

Thedesiretohonormyfather'

sgoodnamespurredmetobecomethefirstinourfamilytogotouniversity.

Iworkedmywaythroughcollegeasaporteratafour-starhotel.Eventually,thatgoodnameprovidedtheinitiativetostartmyownsuccessfulpublicrelationsfirminWashington,D.C.

Americaneedstorestoreasenseofshameinitsneighborhoods.

Doingdrugs,spendingallyourmoneyattheliquorstore,stealing,orgettingayoungwomanpregnantwithnointenttomarryhershouldinduceadeepsenseofembarrassment.

Butitdoesn'

t.

NearlyoneoutofthreebirthsinAmericaistoasinglemother.Manyofthesechildrenwillgrowupwithoutthesecurityandguidancetheyneedtobecomehonorablemembersofsociety.

Oncethesocialtiesandmutualobligationsofthefamilymeltaway,communitiesfallapart.

Whilethepopulationhasincreasedonlypercentsince,violentcrimeinAmericahasincreasedastaggeringpercent—andwe'

vebecomeexceedinglyusedtoit.Teendrugusehasalsorisen.

InoneNorthCarolinaCounty,policearrestedstudentsfromsecondaryschoolsfordealingdrugs,someofthemrightintheclassroom.

M