Unit1Friendship必修一知识点精编Word下载.docx
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ignorantadj.无知的
beignorantof/aboutsb./sth.对某人/某物不知道
beinignoranceofsth不知道某事
neglect
ignore和beignorant
ignore装作不知道,故意不理睬;
beignorant不知道,没意识到
Heignoresthedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.
Iwasignorant(ofthefact)thatthebossshouldbesostrict.
havegotto=haveto
1.havegotto的否定为haven’tgoto,haveto的否定为don’thaveto
2.表一次性动作,两种可互换;
表习惯性动作,尤其句中有always,often,sometimes等频率副词时,则应运用haveto,而不运用havegotto,
3.Iusuallyhavetogetupat6:
00am.
4.haveto可用于过去时和完成时结构中,且前面可加情态动词或助动词,havegotto则不可。
Theydidn’thavetoworryaboutmoney.
习题:
1.That’sverykindofyou.Iwish__giveyousomuchtrouble.
A.haven’ttoB.don’thavegottoC.mustn’tD.didn’thaveto
2.Iusually__getupbefore5:
00am,topreparebreakfastformyfamily.
A.needB.havetoC.havegottoD.haven’tto
3.Ifyoucan’tfinishtheworkbeforeFriday,youmay___workontheweekend.
A.mustB.havetoC.havegottoD.haven’tto
calmadj.平静的,沉着的
stillquiet(quite)silent(adj.)-silence(n.)
calm…down使平静下来
concern
vt.担忧,涉及n.担心,关注,关系
Asfarasbeconcerned就…而言
AsfarasIamconcerned,thewateristoocold.
beconcernedwith与…有关
Hewasveryconcernedwithher.
Wearenotconcernedwiththatmatter
beconcernedfor/about/over关心
Sheisconcernedaboutyoursafety.
asconcerns=concerning关于
concernoneselfwith/in从事,参与
concernoneselfabout/for因为…担忧(关心)某人
练习:
1.Asweallknow,parentsareconcerned____theirchildren'
sstudy,becauseitisconcerned____theirfuture.
A.for;
aboutB.about;
forC.about;
withD.with;
about
2.__Englishisconcerned,heisfirstinourclass.
A.AsB.AssoonasC.AsfarasD.Nowthat
3.Themeetingwasconcerned___reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned__theirowninterests.
A.with;
forB.with;
withC.for;
aboutD.about;
with
loose松的
反义词:
tight紧的;
firm坚定的,稳固的;
stable稳定的;
steady平稳的
形近词辨析:
lose遗失,沉溺于,使迷路
belostin埋头于,迷失在…之中loseone’sway迷路
gothrough经历,检查,通过
experience经历,体验;
扩展:
livethrough度过,经受过
liveon…,以…为生;
livewith忍受,与…同居
getthrough通过,到达,接通电话
lookthrough浏览,温习,从…中显露
关于go的短语:
goover温习,复习;
gointo走进…;
gooff爆炸;
goout出去,熄灭;
goahead继续向前走;
goagainst违背;
goaway走开;
goback回去,回顾;
goby时间流逝,从旁经过;
godown下降,下沉;
gofor为…而去;
goin进入;
goon(时间)过去,继续,持续,发生;
goround绕路;
gotogether一起去;
goup上升,攀登;
gowithout没有
1.Thepolice__thebuildinghopingtocatchthethief.
A.lookedforB.searchedforC.foundoutD.wentthrough
2.Aterriblenoise__thehouseandthenwefeltitshaking.
A.wentthroughB.wentintoC.lookedintoD.heldinto
German注意复数为Germans
setdown
记下,放下(putdown),登记,解释认为,下车(getoff)
setout动身出发,着手做
setoff动身出发,引爆
setup创办、树立、搭起;
(found,build,construct,establish)
setanexampletosb=(setsbanexample)为某人树立了……榜样;
setforward提出,拨快(钟表)
setsbfree释放,放走;
setsail扬帆起航;
setaboutdoing着手,开始(做)
1.She__theVCDplayeronthetableandwentout.
A.setoutB.setupC.setdownD.seton
2.Studentsshouldformthehabitof__everythingimportantinclass.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeputintheblank?
A.puttingdownB.takingdownC.settingdownD.tearingdown
3.Ihave__everythingthathappened,asIrememberit.
A.setdownB.setupC.setoutD.setoff
onpurpose故意
withthepurposeofdoingsth目的是…
forthepurposeof与withthepurposeof辨析
forthepurposeof目的能否实现不知道;
withthepurposeof暗示目的能实现
近义词辨析:
aim:
从本义“靶子”引申而来,侧重比较具体而明确的目标,但常指短期目标。
goal:
指经过考虑和选择,需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。
purpose:
普通用词,既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的,又指心中渴望要实际的目标。
end:
指心目中怀着的某种目的,强调结果而非过程。
较正式用词。
target:
指射击的靶,军事攻击目标。
引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。
object:
强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
objective与object基本同义,但语义更广泛,指具体或很快能达到的目的,也可指军事目标。
书面用词。
近义短语:
bydesign故意地
反义短语:
bychance,byaccident,偶然地
inorderto与soasto的区别
1.都意为“为了”,inorderto一般用inorderthat加从句来替换,可放句首;
soasto一般用sothat加从句来替换,不可放在句首。
Hegotupearlierinordertogettoschoolontime.
Hegotupearlierinorderthathecouldgettoschoolontime.
Hegotupearliersoastogettoschoolontime.
Hegotupearliersothathecouldgettoschoolontime.
2.当这两个短语后的不定式动词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时,“inorderto,soasto+不定式”可以简化为“不定式to”
Inorderto/Togettoschoolontime,hegotupearlier.
3.inorderto作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
1.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,______
A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees
B.manytreesneedtoplant
C.ourcityneedmoretrees
D.wemustplantmoretrees
2.___lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarmclock.
A.SoastosleepB.SleepingC.TosleepD.Havingslept
thundern.雷;
vi.打雷
相关天气词汇:
cloudy多云的,frost霜,hail冰雹,mist雾,fog浓雾,shower暴雨,
storm,tempest暴风雨,lightning闪电,hurricane飓风,typhoon台风,
breeze微风,dew露水,humidity潮湿,freeze冰冻
entireadj.整体的,entirelyadv.整体地
total,whole,all
power能力,能量
powerful,powerfully,powerless,powerlessly
havethepowertodosth./ofdoingsth.
energy(n.)能量—energetic(adj.)精力充沛的,积极的,
privilege特权,right权力
facetoface面对面地;
face-to-faceadj.
facial面部的;
racial种族的face(vt.)面对
hearttoheart坦诚地shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地
backtoback背对背地handinhand手拉手地
arminarm臂挽臂地sidebyside并肩地stepbystep逐步地
相关短语:
faceup面朝上
facedown正面朝下
facethetruth面对现实
faceupto大胆面向
facewith面对...
nolonger/not…anylonger不再
nomore/not…anymore不再
nolonger/not...anylonger修饰表示状态的持续动词(如wait,live,work等)。
Don'
twaitanylonger
nomore/not...anymore通常修饰表示具体动作的瞬间动词(如go,stand,visit等)。
Wecouldn'
tstanditanymore.
1.—WillyougivethismessagetoMrWhite,please?
—Sorry,Ican'
t.He________.
A.doesn'
tanymoreworkhereB.doesn'
tanylongerworkhere
C.doesn'
tworkanymorehereD.doesn'
tworkhereanylonger
settle(vt.)安居,停留,(vt.)解决,安排
solve重在得到答案;
resolve重在解决问题;
workout
suffer遭受,忍受,经历suffering(n.)
suffer,sufferfrom/with遭受,患病
suffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等,但sufferfrom后接伤痛、疾病等引起的痛苦
suffertheresult/heavylosses/injury/pain/defeat
sufferfromheadache/illness/coldandhunger/abadstomach
1.__suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.
A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered
loneliness(n.)孤单,寂寞
alone,lonely辨析
1)alone可作副词或形容词;
而lonely只能作形容词,在句中充当定语或表语。
ShewatchesTVwhensheisalone.
ForyearsMarylivedaloneinNewYork.
Whenhiswifedied,hewasverylonely.
2)alone表示“(身体上的)独自,孤单”;
而lonely表示“(感情上的)孤单寂寞”,有时指“本人的意愿并非如此”,含有不愉快的意思。
IamalonebutIamnotlonely
recover(v.)恢复,重新获得recovery(n.)
getover/comeover
recoverfrom
形近词:
discover发现,uncover发现,揭露;
cover覆盖,包含
get/betiredof对…厌烦
tired,woreout,exhausted词义辨析
tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣
exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强,指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.
woreout这个词不太正式,多用于口语。
getalong(on)with与…相处,进展
1.多用于进行时
2.其后可用well,badly,nicely等修饰语
Hegetsalong/onwellwithhisclassmates.
Howareyougettingonwithyourstudies?
disagree不同意disagreement(n.)agree同意agreement(n.)
agreewith同意,与……一致;
(气候,食物)适合.
agreeto赞成(提议、安排、计划等
agreeon对……取得一致意见
reachanagreement达成一致
joinin参加,加入
join,joinin,takepartin,attend的辨析
join多指参加某组织,成为其中的一个成员,宾语通常为thearmy/party/team/club
IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.
takepartin指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一份作用,in后要加宾语
Weshouldtakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.
joinin通常指参加某种活动,如竞赛,娱乐,游戏等,也可不加宾语
Wouldyoujoinmeinawalk?
attend多指参加会议,方式,婚礼,葬礼,典礼及上课,上学,听报告等。
attendone’slecture/wedding
1.We’regoingtoplaybasketball.Wouldyouliketo___?
A.joinB.joininC.attendD.takepartin
2.--Whydidn’tyou__myweddingyesterday?
--Iwasgoingto,butIhadanunexpectedguestattheverymoment.
A.joinB.joininC.takepartinD.attend
IIWarmingUp
1.not..until和untill
until一般不放在句首,后面跟时间词连,notuntil可放句首,但主句要用倒装.
Hecamebackuntilmidnight.
Notuntilmidnightdidhecamebackhome
2.getsthdone
getsbtodo使某人做某事,相当于have/makesb.dosth.
Youshouldgetyourfriendstohelpyou.
getsthdone使某事发生
Shegothercoatwashed
getsb.doing使某人持续做某事
Hegotthecarrunningallthetime.
3.borrow…from从…借进lend…to把…借出
4.whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.
whilewalkingthedog=whileyouwerewalkingthedog
while或when引导的时间状语从句,主从句前后主语一致时,从句主语和be动词可省
5.payfor,take,cost,take
spend的主语必须是人:
(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间(金钱)。
Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.
(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。
Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.
(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……。
Hismoneywasspentforbooks.
cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”,
sth.costs(sb.)+money/time,某物/做某事花了某人多少钱/时间
Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.
注意:
cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take的用法:
Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。
Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.
pay的基本用法是:
(1)payfor…为…付款
(2)pay(sb.)for为…付款给某人
Ihave