高英2 释义Word格式文档下载.docx
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Actually,apersonthatreallyenjoysandisgoodatconversationwillnotarguetowinorforceotherpeopletoaccepthisidea.
4.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother'
slives.(para3)
酒吧友人没有深层次地涉及彼此的生活。
Peoplemeetingeachotherforadrinkinthepubarenotintimatefriends,becausetheyarenotdeeplyabsorbedineachother’slives.
5.Thatwouldsettleit,butconversationdoesnotneedtobesettled,itcouldstillgoignorantlyon(para6)
问题就这样解决了,但是聊天不需要解决什么问题,大伙仍旧可以糊里糊涂地扯下去,当做什么都没有发生过。
Onecouldsettletherightorwrongofanargumentbylookingupreferencebooks.ThereferencebookswouldproveorrefutetheallegationofthespeakersthattheKing’sEnglishisatermofcriticism.However,itisunnecessarytodecidewhoisrightorwronginaconversation.Itcouldgoonwithanyoneknowingwhoisrightorwrong.
6.Theyarecattleinthefields,butwesitdowntobeef(boeuf).(para9)
地里放牧着的牛叫cattle,席上吃的牛肉则叫beef。
Whentheseanimalsarealiveandfeedinginthefields,wewillcallthem“cattle”;
butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wewillcalltheirmeat“beef”.
7.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.(para11)
新的统治阶级用法语来对抗农民自己的语言,从而在农民面前建立起一道文化壁垒。
ByusingFrenchinsteadofEnglish,thenewrulingclassmadeitdifficultforthepeasanttoacceptorabsorbthecultureoftherulers.
8.Afterfivecenturiesofgrowth,oftusslingwiththeFrenchoftheNormansandtheAngevinsandthePlantagenetsandatlastabsorbingit,theconqueredintheendofconqueringtheconquer,Englishhadcomeroyallyintoitsown.(para13)
经过500年的发展,在与诺曼人,安茹王朝及金雀花王朝的法语对抗后,英语最终同化了法语,被征服者最终战胜成为了征服者,英语取得了国语的地位。
After500yearsofdevelopment,afterfightingwiththeFrenchofNormansandtheAngevinsandthePlantagenets,EnglishissuccessfulinabsorbingtheFrenchelementsfinally.EnglishsurvivedatlastandbecametheuniversallanguageofEnglandonceagain.
9.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.(para15)
下层阶级使用这个短语时,常带有贬义,甚至讥讽的味道。
Thephras,theKing’sEnglish,hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses.
10.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.(para15)
对文化支配的对抗仍然存在。
Therestillexistsinthelowerclasses,asintheearlySaxonpeasants,aspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass.
11.Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,that"
wordswillhardenintothingsforus."
(para16)
正如卡莱尔提出的,“对我们而言,把词语看成是具体的事物”,这始终会有极大的危险。
Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,thatwemayforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingsthattheyaresupposedtostandfor.
Translation:
1.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.
动物之间的信息交流,不论其方式何等复杂,也是称不上谈话。
2.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.
闲聊中常常会有争论,不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。
闲聊之中是不存在输赢胜负的。
3.PerhapsitisbecauseofmyupbringinginEnglishpubsthatIthinkbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.
或许是由于我年轻时经常光顾英国小酒馆的缘故,我觉得酒馆里的闲聊别有韵味。
4.Idonotrememberwhatmadeoneofourcompanionssayit–sheclearlyhadnotcomeintothebartosayit,itwasnotsomethingthatwaspressingonhermind–butherremarkfellquitenaturallyintothetalk.
我不记得一起聊天的人是在什么情况下说出那句话来的——显然她不是有备而来,那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——但是她的那句话十分自然地融进了我们闲谈里。
5.Thereisalwaysresistanceinthelowerclassestoanyattemptbyanupperclasstolaydownrulesfor“Englishasitshouldbespoken.
每当上流社会想给“规范英语”制订一些条条框框时,总会遭到下层人民的抵制。
6.Wordsarenotthemselvesareality,butonlyrepresentationsofit,andtheKing‟sEnglish,liketheAnglo-FrenchoftheNormans,isaclassrepresentationofreality.
词语本身并不是现实,它不过是用以表达现实的一种形式而已。
标准英语就像诺曼底人的盎格鲁式法语一样,也是一种对现实的阶级表达。
7.Perhapsitisworthtryingtospeakit,butitshouldnotbelaiddownasanedict,andmadeimmunetochangefrombelow.
让人们学着去讲规范英语也许不错,但不应该把它作为一条必须执行的法令,也不应当使它完全拒绝来自下层的改变。
8.Thereisnoworseconversationthantheonewhopunctuateshiswordsashespeaksasifhewerewriting,orevenwhotriestousewordsasifhewerecomposingapieceofproseforprint.
要是有谁闲聊时也像做文章一样标点分明,或者像写一篇要发表的散文一样咬文嚼字的话,那他一定是一个最糟糕的聊天者。
9.WhenE.M.Forsterwritesof“thesinistercorridorofourage,”wesitupatthevividnessofthephrase,theforceandeventerrorintheimage.
看到福斯特笔下写出“当今时代的阴森可怖的长廊”时,其用语之生动及由其所产生的有力、甚至可怖的形象不禁令我们心头一震。
10.Therewouldhavebeennoconversationtheothereveningifwehadbeenabletosettleatoncethemeaningof“theKing‟sEnglish.”
那天晚上,如果我们当场弄清了“标准英语”的定义,也就不可能再有那一场交谈了。
Lesson2Marrakech
1.Theburying--groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.
坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野,恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。
Theburying-groundisjustahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearth,lookinglikeadesertedconstructionland.
2.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.
实际上,这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。
Allcolonialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesasanimals.
3.Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyardandnobodynoticesthattheyaregone.
也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。
他们从泥土里长出来,受苦受累,忍饥挨饿过上几年,然后又被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。
谁也不会注意到他们的离去。
Theyareborn.Thentheyworkhardwithoutenoughfoodforafewyears.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname,andnobodynoticesthattheyaredead.
4.Acarpentersitscross-leggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightningspeed.
一个木匠两脚交叉坐在一架老掉牙的车床旁,正以飞快的速度旋制椅子腿。
Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingaveryold–fashionedlathe,acarpenterquicklygivesaroundshapetothechair-legsheismaking.
5.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews,manyofthemoldgrandfatherswithflowinggreybeards,allclamouringforacigarette.
这一下子那些犹太人从四面八方的一个个黑洞窟里发疯似地围上来,其中有很多白胡子老汉,都吵着要讨支烟抽。
Immediatelyfromtheirdarkhole-likecellseverywhereagreatnumberofJewsrushedoutwildlyexcited,allloudlydemandingacigarette.
6.Noneofthesepeople,Isuppose,workslessthantwelvehoursaday,andeveryoneofthemlooksonacigaretteasamoreorlessimpossibleluxury.
我想这些人中没有谁会每天工作少于12个小时,可是他们个个都把一支香烟看成是一件十分难得的奢侈品。
EveryoneoftheseJewsconsidersthecigaretteasapieceofluxurywhichtheycannotpossiblyafford.
7.Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.
不过,白皮肤总是比较显眼的。
However,awhite-skinnedEuropeanisalwaysquitenoticeable.
8.Inatropicallandscapeone’seyetakesineverythingexceptthehumanbeing.
在热带地区,一切自然景色可以尽收眼底,惟独看不见人。
Ifyoutakealookatthenaturalsceneryinatropicallandscape,youseeeverythingbuthumanbeings.
9.NoonewouldthinkofrunningcheaptripstotheDistressedAreas
没有人会想组织游客去贫民窟去旅游,尽管费用低廉。
Noonewouldproposethecheaptripstotheslums.
10.Onecouldprobablylivethereforyearswithoutnoticingthatfornine-tenthsofthepeopletherealityoflifeisanendlessback-breakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil.
就算在那儿居住多年的人们也未曾注意到,对于当地百分之九十的居民而言,生活是一场为了从贫瘠的土地上榨出一点食物而进行的永无停息、艰苦卓绝的抗争。
Lifeisveryhardfor90%ofthepeople.Theycanproductalittlefoodonthepoorsoilonlywithhardbackbreakingtoil.
11.Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.
她接受了自己既是老妇人,也是驮畜的社会地位。
Shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthecommunity,thatshewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal.
12.Peoplewithbrownskinsarenextdoortoinvisible.
棕色人近乎于无形。
Peoplewhohavebrownskinsarealmostinvisible.
13.Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms...
他们健美的身体上穿着旧的卡其布制服
Thesoldierswerewearingsecond—handkhakiuniformswhichhidtheirbeautiful,well—builtbodies.
14.Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection?
还要多久他们的枪口就会对准我们?
Howmuchlongerbeforetheyturntheirgunsaroundandattackthecolonialistrulers?
15.Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind.
在场的每个白人心里都隐藏着这样的想法。
Everywhitemanhadthisthoughthiddensomewhereinhismind.
1.Whenyouwalkthroughatownlikethis--twohundredthousandinhabitantsofwhomatleasttwentythousandownliterallynothingexcepttheragstheystandupin--whenyouseehowthepeoplelive,andstillmorehoweasilytheydie,itisalwaysdifficulttobelievethatyouarewalkingamonghumanbeings.
当你穿行在这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活,又如何轻易地死去时,你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中
2.WhenyougothroughtheJewishQuartersyougathersomeideaofwhatthemedievalghettoeswereprobablylike.
当你走过这儿的犹太人聚居区时,你就会知道中世纪犹太人区大概是个什么样子。
3.Manyofthestreetsareagooddeallessthansixfeetwide,thehousesarecompletelywindowless,andsore-eyedchildrenclustereverywhereinunbelievablenumbers,likecloudsofflies.
这儿很多街道的宽度远远不足六英尺,房屋根本没有窗户,眼睛红肿的孩子随处可见,多的像一群群苍蝇,数也数不清。
4.Evenablindmansomewhereatthebackofoneoftheboothsheardarumourofcigarettesandcamecrawlingout,gropingintheairwithhishand.
甚至连一个盲人听到这讨烟的吵嚷声也从一个摊篷后面爬出来。
伸手在空中乱摸。
5.