职称英语等级考试题及答案理工B文档格式.docx

职称英语等级考试题及答案理工B文档格式.docx

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A.painsB.partsC.aspectsD.results

7.Londonquicklybecameaflourishingport.

A.majorB.largeC.successfulD.commercial

8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.

A.homeworkB.justiceC.modelD.act

9.Heledaverymorallife.

A.humanB.intelligentC.naturalD.honorable

10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.

A.sincereB.respectfulC.emptyD.terrible

11.Itwasamagicnightuntilthespellwasbroken.

A.timeB.charmC.spaceD.opportunity

12.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.

A.startedB.changedC.movedD.lasted

13.Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.

A.discoverB.proveC.considerD.imagine

14.HisknowledgeofFrenchisfair.

A.veryusefulB.verylimitedC.quitegoodD.ratherspecial

15.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.

A.limitB.regulateC.opposeD.support

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；

如果该句

提供的是正确信息，请选择A；

如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；

如果该句的信

息文中没有提及，请选择C。

SoMany“Earths”

TheMilkyWaycontainsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlifethat'

sthe

findingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA'

stopplanet-huntingtelescope.

TheauthorsofastudypublishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationaof

sciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,wiamassand

temperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeknowit.

Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmothesolarsystem,itwoulddefine

ashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheusandrunningtoasfarawayasMars.

NeitherplanetisEarthlike（althougheghthavebeeninthedistantpast）.Usingtighter

limits,theresearchersestimatethat4and8outofevery100Sunlikestarscouldhost

anEarth-sizedworld.Theseareohatwouldtake200to400daystocompleteayearly

orbit.

Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfitthenscomesfromstudying

morethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitablewbitingthem.Thescientistsused

thosenumberstoextrapolatetotherestofthestelescopecouldnotsee.

SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarthezone.That'

s,butnomorethantwice

thatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar'

shab'

swherethe

surfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliqid

AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Keplerhad

playedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdatahave

beenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.Tpe

focusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseonEarth.

16.TheKepacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.

17.ntaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditions

toEarths.

Fouroutof00sunlikestarsdoesn'

tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean,

however,thattheMycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswithachange

forlife.

B.WrongC.Notmentioned

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.

19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun'

shabitablezone.

20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.

21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.

2014职称英语网络精品课程第2页，共10

页

22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.

第3部分：

概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定

段落每段选择1个小标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定

一个最佳选项。

ClimateChange:

TheLongReach

1Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There'

smorecarbonintheair,andArcticiceis

meltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmenttobetter

gauge（评估）Earth'

sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylong

time.

2Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,a

colorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth’ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxide

released,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn’tslow,the

long-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears—andbemoreseverethanscientistshad

beenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthis

conclusioninanewpaper.

3Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat'

sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso.During

thattime,changesintheplanet'

senvironmentcouldnudge（推动）globalwarmingevenhigher.

Forexample:

Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt,sunlightcannow

reach—andwarm—theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheairtemperatureevenmore,

causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggerationofimpactsiscalleda“fast

feedback.”.

4Zeebesaysit'

simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they'

relimited.Froma

climatechangeperspective."

Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenextfew

generations,”hetoldScienceNews.“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100.”Forhisnewstudy,

Zeebenowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesor

centuries,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthe

migrationofplantlife—astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas—aretwoexamplesofslow

feedbacks.

5Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuch

processesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Then

hecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedback

processes.Climateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredicta4.5degreeCelsius（8.1

degreeFahrenheit）changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother1.5°

C—for

a6°

totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatstowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobal

warmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafterpeoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.

A.Impactofburningfossilfuels

B.Slowfeedbacks

C.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange

D.Fastfeedbacks

E.Risingofsealevels

F.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses

23.Paragraph2____A_____

24.Paragraph3____D____

25.Paragraph4____B_____

26.Paragraph5____C_____

27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin____B_____.

28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach____E____.

29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing___F_____.

30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor___A_____.

A.averylongtime

B.recordedhistory

C.rapidexaggerationofimpacts

D.theextraheat

E.theexposedground

F.previouslypublishedstudies

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选

项。

第一篇ApproachestoUnderstandingIntelligences

（本次考试理工A阅读其中一篇）

Itbaystobesmart,butwearenotallsmartinthesameway.Youmaybeatalentedmusician,but

youmightnotbeagoodreader.Eachofusisdifferent.

Psychologistsdisagreeaboutwhatisintelligenceandwhataretalentsorpersonal

abilities.Psychologistshavetwodifferentviewsonintelligence.Somebelievethereisonegeneral

intelligence.Othersbelievetherearemanydifferentintelligences.

SomepsychologistssaythereisonetypeofintelligencethatcanbemeasuredwithIQtests.These

psychologistssupporttheirviewwithresearchthatconcludesthatpeoplewhodowellononekind

oftestformentalabilitydowellonothertests.Theydowellontestsusingwords,numbersor

pictures.Theydowellonindividualorgrouptests,andwrittenororaltests.Thosewhodopoorly

ononetest,dothesameonalltests.

Studiesofthebrainshowthatthereisabiologicalbasisforgeneralintelligence.Thebrainof

intelligencepeopleuselessenergyduringproblemsolving.Thebrainwavesofpeoplewithhigher

intelligenceshowaquickerreaction.Someresearchersconcludethatdifferencesinintelligence

resultfromdifferencesinthespeedandeffectivenessofinformationprocessingbythebrain.

HowardGardner,apsychologistattheHarvardSchoolofEducation,hasfourchildren.He

believesthatallchildrenaredifferentandshouldn’tbetestedbyoneintelligencetest.Although

Gardnerbelievesgeneralintelligenceexists,hedoesn’tthinkittellsmuchaboutthetalentsofa

personoutsideofformalschooling.Hethinkthatthehumanmindhasdifferent

intelligences.Theseintelligencesallowustosolvethekindsofproblemswearepresentedwithin

life.Eachofushasdifferentabilitieswithintheseintelligences.Gardnerbelievesthatthepurpose

ofschoolshouldbetoencouragedevelopmentofallofourintelligen