CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROCESS CAREER DEVELOPMENT PYRAMIDWord文档下载推荐.docx

CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROCESS CAREER DEVELOPMENT PYRAMIDWord文档下载推荐.docx

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4.IknowwhatIbothlikeanddislikeinwork.

5.IhavesomeideasaboutwhatIwanttododuringthenext[twotothree]years.

6.Icanlistmymajoraccomplishmentsinactionterms.

●KnowledgeofEmployers

7.IknowwhatskillsIcanofferemployersindifferentoccupations.

8.IcanclearlyexplaintoemployerswhatIdowellandenjoydoing.

9.Icanspecifywhyanemployershouldhireme.

10.WhenI’mreadytofindaninternshiporjob,Iwillbeabletoidentifyandtargetpotentialemployers.

●InternshiporJobSearchSkills/Contacts

11.Icanconductresearchondifferentoccupations,employers,organizationsandcommunities.

12.Icanwritedifferenttypesofeffectiveresumes,internshipsearchletters,andthank-younotes.

13.Icanproduceanddistributeresumesandletterstotherightpeople.

14.Icandevelopajobreferralnetwork.

15.Icanprospectforinternshiporjobleads.

AdaptedfromJobtrakJobSearchTipswhereitwasreprintedwithpermissionfromChangeyourjob,changeyourlifebyDr.RonaldL.Krannich,T1995,ImpactPublications.

2.2SELFASSESSMENT

Atthebaseofourmodepyramid,providingtheessentialfoundationfortherestofthejobsearch,isself-assessment,orknowingyourself.Thoughtfulself-assessmentstreamlinestheremainingstepsofthejobsearch,helpingyoutofocusonorganizationsandcareerscompatiblewithyourgoals,andenablingyoutomarketyourselfknowledgeablyandconfidently.Threeaspectsthatareimportanttoconsiderwhenchoosingacareerare:

interests,values,andskills.Beingabletoclearlyarticulatetheseonaresumeanddoinganinterviewwillpromoteagoodfitwithpotentialemployers.

Specificself-assessmentinventoriessuchasthe

MyersBriggsTypeIndicator（MBTI）

StrongInterestInventory

SkillsConfidenceInventory（R）tostudentsduringcounseling.

2.2.1Interests

Ourinterestintheworkwedoisakeymotivatingfactorforwork.Ifweareinterestedinourwork,wewillfinditmoreenjoyable,bemoremotivatedtolearnaboutit,developrelevantskills,workhard,andpersistthroughdifficultchallenges,allofwhichincreaseourchancesofsuccessandjobsatisfaction.

Whatareyourinterests?

Thinkbroadlywhenyouanswerthisquestion---includework,academics,andvolunteerandleisureinterests.Considersubjectareaaswellasactivities.Forexample,subjectsmightincludebiology,architecture,andeconomics,whileactivitiescouldberesearch,design,andconsulting.

Belowisalistofquestionsthatmayhelpyouidentifysomeofyourinterests.

1.Whatdoyoulovetodo?

2.Whatbooksdoyoubrowsethroughinbookstores?

3.Whichareyourfavoritecourses?

4.Ifyouwonthelottery,towhichcauses/issueswouldyougivemoney?

5.Ifyouwereareporter,whatkindofstorieswouldyouliketowrite?

6.Whatareyourfavoriteobjects?

7.Whatsortsofinformationdoyoufindmostfascinating?

8.Whoareyourheroes?

9.Whatdidyoudreamofbeingwhenyouwere10?

2.2.2Values

Valuesareidealsandcorebeliefsthatareimportanttous;

theygivemeaningandpurposetowhattodo.Wearemostlikelytobecomfortableandthriveinworkthatiscompatiblewithourownstronglyheldvalues.Ontheotherhand,difficultiesmayarisewhenwefindourselvesinconflictwithaworksituationbecauseitclasheswithourvalues.Considerthefollowingvaluesastheyrelatetowork.Whichonesaremostimportanttoyou?

Leastimportant?

Whichareverydeepandclear?

Whicharemoreambiguous?

Howdoyourvaluesimpactyourcareerdirectionandworkdecisions?

---achievement---innerharmony

---advancement---jobsecurity

---adventure---leadership

---balance:

work/family---leisure

---challenge---location

---competition---personalgrowth

---contributetosociety---physicalactivity

---creativity---pleasure

---expertise---precision

---flexibility---recognition

---friendship---responsibility

---helpingothers---stability

---highsalary---variety

---independence

2.2.3Skills

Skillsarelearnedabilities-thingswedowell.Moststudentshavefarmoreskillsthantheyrealize,sincetheytendtotakemanyoftheirskillsforgranted.Doyouknowwhatyourskillsare?

Whichskillsdoyouliketouse?

Justbecausewecandosomethingwelldoesn’tmeanthatweenjoydoingit.Canyoucommunicateyourskillseffectivelytopotentialemployers?

Itishelpfultothinkoftwotypesofskills.Hereareafewexercisestohelpyouidentifybothtypes.

1）Knowledge-basedskillsareacquiredthrougheducation,trainingandon-the-jobexperience,e.g.,youmaybeknowledgeableaboutquasarsorJAVAortheplaysofGeorgeBernardShaw.Tothinkaboutyourknowledge-basedskills,askyourselfwhatsubjectareasdoyouknowalotabout?

Consideracademic,workandvocationalactivities.Whichdoyouenjoy?

2）Transferableskillsareactionsthatcanbecarriedoutindifferentknowledgeareas,e.g.,writing,dataentryandprojectmanagement.Employersespeciallywanttoknowwhatyourtransferableskillsare.Tothinkaboutyourtransferableskills,lookatthelistofactionverbsonPage20.Theseverbsdescribeskills.Howmanydoyouhave?

Whichdoyouliketouse?

Whichwouldyouliketodevelop?

Arethereothersnotonthelist?

Onceyouhaveevaluatedyourinterests,values,andskills,howdoyouputallthatinformationtogether?

Yourinterestsandvalueswilllikelypointyoutocertainindustries,companiesorjobfunctions.Knowledgeofyourskillswillhelpyoudetermineifthoseindustries,organizations,andjobopportunitiesarelikelytoofferyouworkyoucanskillfullydoorlearntodoandwillenjoydoing.

Self-assessmentisalifelongpractice,onethatmostpeoplewillreturntoagainandagainoverthecourseoftheirprofessionalcareers.Asyougainworkexperienceandyourskillsgrow,yourinterestsandvaluesarelikelytoshift.Youcanreturntothispyramidtohelpyoumoveconfidentlyintonewareasofworkandcareer.

CareerDevelopmentTimelines

Fortipsonhowtomanageyourprofessionaldevelopmentateachstageofyourdegreeprogram,usethetimelinebelow（ifyouareanundergraduate）orseeMasters,DoctoralandPostdocVersionsathttp:

//web.mit.edu/career/www/graduate/timelines.html.

FreshmanYear

Adjusting…Gettoknowyourself.Exploreyouracademicandextracurricularinterestsandyourfuturegoals.

Academics

●Testyourintereststhroughcoursework,UROPs（undergraduateresearchopportunitiesprogram）,volunteerjobs,andstudentactivities.

●Meetyourprofessors.Learnhowtobuildyournetworkbytakingadvantageoftheirofficehours.Gettoknowatleastoneprofessorwelleveryyear.

●Identifyfourtosevencareerfieldsthatinterestyouandresearchhowacademictrainingsupportsthosecareers.MeetwithaCareerCounselortodiscussmajorsastheyrelatetocareers.Readuponthecareersthatinterestyou.Arrangeinformationinterviewswithalumniworkinginthosefields.

●AttendtheChoiceofMajorFairinthefall.FreshmenareexpectedtopickamajorinApril,butyoumayremain“Undecided”untilsophomoreyear.

CareerDecisionMaking

●StartaCareerLogtorecordyourthoughtsonacademiccoursework,futuregoals,andcareers.Createa“collegeaccomplishments”sectiontorecordcoursestaken,extracurricularandvolunteeractivities,honors/awards,internships,andjobs.UpdateyourCareerLogthroughoutyourcollegecareer.Thislogcanbeusedtocreatearesumeandwillbehelpfulwhenyoulookforasummerjob.

●ExploretheserviceCDCofferssuchascareerworkshops;

resumecritiques,andmockinterview.

●MeetwithaCareerCounselortohelpidentifyyourinterests,skillsandvalues.

●Talktoacareercounseloraboutasummerjoborinternshipinanareathatinterestsyou.ConsiderasummerUROP.

●Developaresumetousebothon-andoff-campus.

ExtracurricularInvolvement

●Getinvolvedindormactivities,studentorganizations,orpublicserviceprojects.Exploresocialandacademicclubsthatinterestyou.Joinatleastoneextracurricularactivity.

●Askforhelpifyouneedit!

ThatiswhatResidentAssistants,FreshmanAdvisors,TeachingAssistant,andCounselorsarefor!

SophomoreYear

Exploring…Exploreoccupationsthatinterestyou.

Researchandnetworkcareerpossibilities.

●Confirmyourchoiceofmajor.Exploreasecondmajororminorifinterested.

●Getinvolvedwithyouradvisorandyourdepartment.Scheduleatleasttwomeeting