MIT PrressWord文档下载推荐.docx

MIT PrressWord文档下载推荐.docx

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EmilyCarrUniversityofArt+Design

ABSTRACT

ThisarticletakevancouverandBritishColumbiaastheexampletointroduceandexplaintheculturalandcreativeindustries,mainlyfromtheseveralaspects:

Backgroudhistryandtheory,“Twitter”aboutculture,Crectivity,Definingculturalandcreativeindusry,Culturalandecotourism,Culturalandcreativeindustriesandthegenerations,Culturalandcrectiveonomies,professionsandworkers,throughtheabove,theseveralaspectsinterpre-,tationandChinalink,andthenputsforwardforacityisavancouverworldmodel,butChinacanseizetheopportunitytobecomeamodel,willbecomethefutureofvancouver.Wearealllookingforwardtothedevelopmentofculturalandcreativeindustriesbetter,morebenefitsforhumancreation

Keywords：

Culturalandcreativeindustry;

BritishColumbia;

vancouver

Introduction

Vancouver,BritishColumbia,orcanada’sGatewaytothePacificRimasitisknown,isaregionofculturaldiversityandinnovationwithanabundantofbeautifulforestsandfloraandfaunathatcanattractlotsofvisitorsandimmigrantsfromaroundtheglobe.CentraltoVancouver’ssocialandeconomicwell-beingareculturalandcreativeindustries.Traditionalandinnovativenewformsofart,design,craftandnewmediaanddigitalindustriesthriveinbritishColumbia.

Inrecentyearstheculturalandcreativeindustriessectorhasgrownwelloverthemodesteightpercentnotedinearly2001statistics.AccordingtotherecentVancouverEconomicDevelepmentstatistics,“BritishColumbia,now,just,hasmorethan6000digital

mediacompanies,whichemployabout16,000peopleandgenerate$2.3billioninannualsales.GreaterVancouveraccountsformorethan60percentofthedigitalmediacompaniesintheprovince.”VancouverhasbeenratedbytheUnitedNationsandotherorganizationsasoneoftheword’smostlivablecitiesintheworld.Accoladesarenumerousinspiteofongoingthesocialproblemsandeconomicswings.Internationalcityplanners,architects,environmental,socialandpoliticalpolicymakersandurbandesignexpertsareattractedtoandinspiredbythequalityoflifeinVancouver.

BackgroundHistoryandTheory

Britishauthor-scientistC.P.Snow’sTwoCultures,publishedin1964,notedthatthe“breakdown”betweenthesciencesandhumanitieswasamajorhindrancetosolvingworldproblems.CanadianphilosopherMarshallMcLuhan’sconceptofa“globalvillage”waspopulariedinhisbook,TheGutenbergGalaxy:

TheMakingofTypographicMan（1962）.McLuhandescribedhowhumanity’sheightenedawarenessoftheglobehasbeencontractedintoavillagebyelectrictechnology.

Fromtheearly1970sonward,AlGore,anAmericanenvironmentalactivist,usedtheterm“superinformationhighway.”Goredescribedandpromotedhighspeedtelecommunica-

tionsasanengineforbotheconomicgrowthandtheimprovementofoureducationalsystem.RecentyearsGorehasbeenaleaderinpromotingawarenessofglobalwarming.AnInconvenientTruth,thedocumentaryaboutGore,expressesthenegtiveimpactontheplanetfromtheburningoffossilfuels,clearcuttingtheforestsandincresingcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphere.

Theoriesandsolutionsassociatedwithculturalandcreativeindusrriesmaywellprovidesolutionsconcerninghumanity’sneedforgreaterglobalharmony. 

“Glocal”isatermthatreferstotheindividual,group,division,unit,organizationorcommunitywillingandableto“thinkgloballyandactlocally.”Thetermhasbeenusedtoshowthehumancapacitytoshowthehumancapacitytobridgescales（localandglobal）andtohelpovercomemesoscale,bounded,“little-box”thinking.Glocalsisoftenusedtodescribeanewsocialclass:

expatriatemanagerswhotraveloftenandswitchhomesoftenandarethereforebothglobalandlocal.GlocalculturalandcreativeindustriestheoriesarewellestablishedandappliedinCanada.Regionalandnationalgovernmentsworktoencouragesocial,economicandculturalprojectsinVancouver,throughoutBritishColumbiaandacrossCanada.

“Twitters”aboutCulture,CreativityandIndustry

AuthoritiesoncultureandcreativityinBritishColumbiacomposedthese“twitters.”“

Cultureislife.Culturelinksaspirationstoartifacts,produceseconomic,socialandpoliticalresultsandproducesnewwaysofseeing.”RonBurnett,PresidentoftheEmilyCarrUnive-

rsityofArt+Design,Vancouver.

“Culture,growslikeagarden.Itmustbetendedto,encouragedandloved.Itsbountyoffersendless,andsometimesunforeseen,rewards.”KathyGibler,ExecutiveDirector,Dr.SunYat-SenClassicalChineseGarden,Vancouver.

“Aboriginalartformsexpressthesymbioticrelationshipbetweenart,cultureandcretiveindustry,whicheconomicallyempowersourpeople.”BrendaCrabtree, 

Coordinator,Fist,NationsStudies,EmilyCarrUniversityofArt+Design,Vancouver.

“Cultureisvitaltopersonalidentity,self-expression,community 

andqualityoflife.Thisrelationshipbeginsatbirthandencompassesallaspectsofarts,cultureandheritage.”

TracyCalogheros,ExecutiveDirector,TheExplorationPlace,PrinceGeorge.

“TheVancouverBiennalecelebratesdiversity,geography, 

publicspaceandcreativity,

generatingmillionsofdollars,asaculturaltourismdestination.”BarrieMowatt,ExecutiveDirector,VancouverBiennale.

“Creativeindustryevokesthenotionofinnovationinprocessesandoutcomes.Itper-

mitsahopefulleaptowardanartfullydesignedfuture.”MariaLantin,Director,Intersection.

DigitlStadios,EmilyCarrUniversityofArt+Design,Vancouver.

DefiningCulturalandCreativeIndustries

Accordingtointernationalorganizations,suchasUNESCO,culturalindustriescombinethecreation,productionanddistributionofgoodsandservicesthatareculturalinnatueandusuallyprotectedbyintellectualpropertyrights.

InCanadaculturalindustriesincludetext,music,television,filmandpublishingaswellascraftsanddesign.Morerecently,architecture,thevisualandperformingarts,sport,

advertising,culturaltourism,digitalart-gamesandotherformsofnewmediahavebeenadded.InBritishColumbiaorganizations,suchastheCouncilofForestIndustries,promote“value-addedproduction”andencouragecreativeuseofforestresourcesinwell-desidedandlabour-intensivefinishedproductscraftedfromwood.Bothknowledge-b

asedandlabour-intensiveindustriescreateemploymentandwealth.ResearchersinCanada

areencouragedtodevelopprojectsandmakemodelsthatnurturecreativityandfosterinnovationinsocietiesthatmaintainculturaldiversityandenhanceeconomicperformance.

Wikipedia（theonlineresourcesthatsomanystudentsrelyon,andcertainacademices

questionsasareliablesourceforinformation）explains:

“Thephrasecreativeindustries（or

sometimescreativeeconomy）referstoasetofinterlockingindustrysectorsthatitfocuson

creatinguniqueproperty,contentordesignthatpreviouslydidnotexist.Economiccontributionsfromcreativeindustries,havebeenincreasing,particularly,asmanufacturing

industriesavebecomeincreasinglyautomatedandprocess-driven.Theeconomiccontributionsareoftencitedasbeingagrowingpartoftheglobaleconomy.Ingeneralcreativeindustriesinmostpartsoftheworldincludethosecreatingandexploitingintellectualpropertyproductssuchasmusic,books,filmandgames,orprovidingbusiness-to-businesscreativeservices,includingadvertising,publicrelationsanddirectmarketing.Aestheticlive-performanceexperiencesarealsogenerallyincluded,whichcontributestoanoverlapwithdefinitionsofartandcultureandevenaspectsoftourismandsport.Economicactivitiesfocusedondesigning,makingandsellingobjectsorworksofart,suchasjewellery,hautecouture,booksofpoetryandothercreativewritingandfineart,areoftenincludedinthesectorbecausethevalueofsuchobjectsderivesfromahighdegreeofaesthetic.”

CulturalandEcoTourism

Thesocialandeconomicimpactofart,designandcraftfromlocalandglobalsources

reflectthemosaicofVancouver’sdiversemulti-culturalpopulation.FirstNations,orAboriginalpeopleofBritishColumbia,arerevivingtheirtraditionsbyestablishingnetworksthatencourage,educateandacknowledgetraditionalandhybridformsofcreativity.Theresultsareimpressiveculturalindustriesgeneratingincomefromthesalesoffineclothingdesigns,jewellery,ceramics,textiles,sculptureandotherformsofart,designandcraft.

TheAboriginalTourismAssociationofBritishColumbia（ATBC）websitedescribestheATBCas“anon-profit,membership-basedorganizationthatiscommittedtogrowingandpromotingasustainable,culturallyrichAboriginaltourismindustry.Throughtraining,informationresources,networkingopportunitiesandco-operativemarketingprograms,ATBCisaone-stopresourceforFirstNationsentrepreneursandcommunitiesinBritishColumbiawhoareoperatingorlookingtostartatourismbusiness.ATBCworkscloselywithtourism,business,educationandgovernmentorganizationstohelpBritishColumbia’s

Aboriginaltourismbusinessesofferqualityexperiencesandactivelypromotestheseexperiencestovisitorsandlocalresidents.”

TheBritishColumbiaSustainableTourismCollectiveformedtodevelopnewapproachesandhigheststandardsfortourism,asexplainedontheirwebsite:

“TheBCSTCwasthatfoundedonthevisionthattravelwithinBritishColumbiacanfosterappreciationandstewardshipforthenaturalenvironment,regionsandcommunities.Forthispurposesustainabletourismisdefinedastravelthatensuresdestinationsremainunspoiledforfuturegenerationsthroughcommitmen