《现代大学英语听力4》听力原文及题目答案Unit 2Word文档格式.docx
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,mostpeoplenowlive,morethan75percent,theformervicepresident,musicconcerts,parades,treeplantings,representativesfrommanyenvironmentalorganizations
【原文】
EveryyearonJunefifthmanycountriescelebrateWorldEnvironmentDay.TheUnitedNationsestablishedthisspecialdayinnineteenseventy-twotogetpeopletothinkabouttakingcareoftheplanet.FaithLapidustellsusmore.
“PubliceventsforWorldEnvironmentDayaretakingplacefromJunefirstthroughJunefifth.Theeventsandconferenceshelpteachworldleadersandcitizenshowtoprotecttheenvironment.
“EveryyearWorldEnvironmentDayiscelebratedinadifferentcity.ThisyearitisbeingheldinSanFrancisco,California.ThisisthefirsttimesincethebeginningofWorldEnvironmentDaythattheconferenceisbeingheldintheUnitedStates.ThemainmessageofWorldEnvironmentDaythisyearis‘PlanforthePlanet’.Theeventsandconferenceswillshowhowtohave‘GreenCities’.Thismeansthatpeoplewilltalkaboutwaysthatcitiescanhavehealthyenvironments.
“Mostpeopleintheworldliveincities.Thismakesthemespeciallyimportantareasofenvironmentalconcern.Citiesusemorethanseventy-fivepercentoftheworld'
snaturalresourcessuchaswaterandgasoline.WorldEnvironmentDaywillcenteronhowpeopleincitiescanworktogethertohelpsavetheplanet.
“SanFranciscoisholdingpublictalkstodiscusspollutionreduction,cleanenergysourcesandtheimportanceofhealthyparksandgardens.Specialexpertsareamongthespeakers.Forexample,formervice-presidentAlGorewilltalkaboutclimatechange.Therealsoarefuneventssuchasmusicconcerts,movies,artshows,parades,bicycleridesandtreeplantings.Localfarmersandrestaurantownerswillservefoodthathasbeennaturallygrown.
“TheMayorofSanFrancisco,GavinNewsom,invitedcityleadersfromallovertheworldtoattendthisconferenceandshareideas.Representativesfrommanyenvironmentalorganizationsalsoareattending.TheUnitedNationshopestocreateaninternationalagreementthatcountriesandcitizenswillfollowtohelpimprovetheEarth'
senvironment.”
Task2:
A.
1)d
2)a
3)b
4)c
B.
1)Occupationalnoise
2)Aircraftnoise
3)Trafficnoise
Thesenseofsoundisoneofourmostimportantmeansofknowingwhatisgoingonaroundus.Soundhasawastedproduct,too,intheformofnoise.Noisehasbeencalledunwantedsound.Noiseisgrowinganditmaygetmuchworsebeforeitgetsandbetter.
Scientists,forseveralyears,havebeenstudyinghownoiseaffectspeopleandanimals.Theyaresurprisedbywhattheyhavelearned.Peaceandquietarebecominghardertofind.Noisepollution—thecrashing,squeaking,banging,hammeringofpeople—isnojoke.Itisathreatthatshouldbelookedatcarefully.Soundismeasuredinunitscalled“decibels”.Atalevelof140decibelspeoplefeelpainintheirears.
Automobiles,trucks,buses,motorcycles,airplanes,boats,factories,bands—allthesethingsmakenoise.Theybothernotonlyourears,butourmindsandbodiesaswell.Thereisasayingaboutitbeingsonoisythatyoucan’thearyourselfthink.Doctorswhostudynoisebelievethatwemustsometimeshearourselvesthink.Ifwedon’twemayhaveheadaches,otherachesandpains,orevenworsementalproblems.Noiseaddsmoretensiontosocietythatalreadyfacesenoughstress.Butnoiseisnotanewproblem.InancientRome,peoplecomplainedsomuchaboutnoisethatthegovernmentstoppedchariotsfrommovingthroughthestreetsatnight!
Noisecanbeseparatedintoafewgeneralgroups.ThefollowingexamplesaretakenfromhearingsbeforetheUSSenateSubcommitteeonAirandWaterPollutionin1970.
Occupationalnoise—Factoryworkerswhoalwayshearnoisehavepoorerhearingthanothergroups.
Aircraftnoise—Aroundairportsoronairroutesthenoiseofairplanestakingoffandlandingcausesthegreatestcomplaints.
Trafficnoise—Awayfromthenoiseofplanes,trafficsoundsbreakinonourpeaceandquiet.Trucksandmotorcyclescausethemostproblems.
Task3:
1)F
2)F
3)T
4)F
5)T
6)F
7)F
8)T
9)T
Weusuallythinkofpollutionasaharmfulwastesubstancethatthreatenstheairandwater.Butsomepeoplehavebecomeconcernedaboutanotherkindofpollution.Itcanbeeverywhere,dependingonthetimeofday.Anditwasnotthoughtofasasubstance.Itislight.
Theideaoflightpollutionhasdevelopedwiththeincreaseoflightsincities.Inmanyareas,thislightmakesitdifficultorimpossibletoobservestarsandinthenightsky.In1998,theInternationalDark-SkyAssociationformed.Thisorganizationwantstoreducelightpollutioninthenightsky.Italsourgestheeffectiveuseofelectriclighting.
Thereareanumberofreasonswhylightpollutionisimportant.OnehasbecomeclearattheMountWilsonnearLosAngeles,California.MountWilsonObservatorywashometothelargesttelescopesintheworldduringthefirsthalfof1900.
Duringthatperiod,LosAngelesgrewtobecomeoneofAmerica'
sbiggestcities.
Today,lightfromLosAngelesmakesthenightskyaboveMountWilsonverybright.Itisnolongeranimportantresearchcenterbecauseoflightpollution.
Lightpollutionthreatenstoreducethescientificvalueofresearchtelescopesinotherimportantobservatories.TheyincludeLickObservatorynearSanJose,CaliforniaandYerkesObservatorynearChicago,Illinois.
Lightpollutionistheresultofwastedenergy.BrightlightshiningintotheskyisnotbeingusedtoprovidelightwhereitisneededonEarth.Poorlydesignedlightingcausesagreatdealoflightpollution.Lightsthatarebrighterthannecessaryalsocauselightpollution.
Recently,twoItalianastronomersandanAmericanenvironmentalscientistcreatedaworldmapofthenightsky.ThemapshowsthatNorthAmerica,WesternEuropeandJapanhavethegreatestamountoflightpollution.
MostpeopleinAmericaaresurprisedtofindoutthattheyareabletoseeourowngalaxy,theMilkyWay,withtheirowneyes.ButaboutthreefourthsofAmericanscannotseetheMilkyWaybecauseofman-madelight.
Objectsinthenightskyareresourcesthatprovideeveryonewithwonder.Andlightpollutionthreatenstopreventthosewonderfulsightsfrombeingseen.
Task4:
IsraelandJordan,365,thelowestpoint,saltiest,areimportanttoJews,ChristiansandMuslims,Minerals,Thestrangebeautyofthesea
Purposeoftheproject:
TohelpsavetheDeadSeafromshrinking.
Countriestoinitiatetheproject:
IsraelandJordan.
Causeoftheshrinking:
WaterthatusedtoflowfromtheJordanRiverintotheDeadSeahasbeenredirectedforotherusesinthearea.
Specificmeasures:
Apipelineofmorethan300kilometerslongwillbebuilttopumpwaterfromtheRedSeathroughbothcountriesintotheDeadSea.
Durationoftheproject:
Atleastthreeyears.
Costoftheproject:
1,000milliondollars.
Messagesentbythisproject:
Theenvironment,ecologyandnaturearemoreimportantthanbordersorpoliticalconflicts.
C.
1)T
2)T
IsraelandJordanrecentlyannouncedthattheywouldworktogethertohelpsavetheDeadSeafromshrinking.Governmentofficialssaidthejointprojectwouldhelpthesea,protectthearea'
sunusualwildlifeandincreasethenumberofvisitorstothearea.TheannouncementwasmadeduringtheUnitedNationsWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopmentearlierthismonthinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.
TheDeadSeaisontheborderbetweenIsraelandJordan.Itis365metersbelowsealevel.ThatisthelowestpointonEarth.TheDeadSeaisthesaltiestlargebodyofwaterintheworld.
TheareaaroundtheDeadSeahasancientplacesthatareimportanttoJews,ChristiansandMuslims.MineralsintheDeadSeaareusedforhealthtreatments.Thestrangebeautyoftheseabringsmanyvisitorstothearea.
ButtheDeadSeaisshrinkingbyalmostonemetereachyear.MostofthewaterthatflowsintotheDeadSeacomesfromtheJordanRiver.However,waterflowingfromtheJordanRiverhasbeenredirectedforotherusesinthearea.Officialssaywithinthenext50years,theDeadSeacouldshrinktolessthanhalfofitscurrentsize.
Topreventthat,IsraelandJordanplantobuildapipelinemorethan300kilometerslong.ThepipelinewouldpumpwaterfromtheRedSeathroughbothcountriesintotheDeadSea.Afterthepipelineisbuilt,theofficialshopetobuildacanalandasaltremovalSystemthatwillprovidefreshwatertoJordanians,IsraelisandPalestinians.
Thepipelinewilltakeatleastthreeyearstobuild.Theprojectwillcostasmuchas1,000milliondollars.IsraelandJordanhopetopayforitwithhelpfromothercountries.Theprojectisexpectedtobeginafteranine-monthstudyiscompleted.
IsraelandJordanhadhopedtocooperatecloselyonanumberofissuesaftertheysignedapeaceagreementin1994.However,tensionshaveincreasedbetweenthemsincethecurrentPalestinianuprisingbegantwoyearsago.
OfficialsfromIsraelandJordandescribedthewaterprojectasamajorstepforward.Expertssaytheagreementsendsamessagethattheenvironment,ecologyandnaturearemoreimportantthanbordersorpoliticalconflicts.
Task5:
1)27percent,higheroceantemperatures,activitiesbypeople,60percent
2)developingcountries,offthecoastofnortheasternAustralia,offthePhilippines,theCaribbeanislands,SouthAmerica
Coralreefssupportmanykindsofsealife.
Coralreefsalsoprotectcoastalcommunitiesinstorms.
Coralreefssupportfishing