教育文档高考英语一轮优练题 Unit 1 Great Scientists及解析答案新人教版必修5docWord文档下载推荐.docx

教育文档高考英语一轮优练题 Unit 1 Great Scientists及解析答案新人教版必修5docWord文档下载推荐.docx

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此处指“一种比较新的趋势”，relatively是辅音音素开头的单词。

故填a。

3.adults

【解析】考查名词。

句意：

如同成年人的衣服，孩子们的服装也紧跟时尚。

此处用名词作定语。

故填adults。

4.ago

【解析】考查副词。

“time+ago”指“多长时间之前”。

故填ago。

5.reached

【解析】考查时态。

根据时间状语“About120yearsago”可知，谓语用一般过去时态。

故填reached。

6.families

此处指“来自富有家庭的大一点的男孩子”，根据事实逻辑，应该用复数。

故填families。

7.with

8.or

【解析】考查连词。

此处指“他们的头发到达肩部或者更长一些”。

故填or。

9.restrictive

【解析】考查形容词。

与uncomfortable相并列，此处用形容词来修饰名词outfits。

故填restrictive。

10.wearing

【解析】考查非谓语。

短语payattentionto…中，to是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。

故填wearing。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

“Shewaslostinherbook.”“Hecouldn’tputthebookdown.”“Iwasontheedgeofmyseat.”Theseareallcommonphrasesthatwemayusetodescribetheexperiencewehavewhenwereadbooks.Inthemiddleofagoodbook,wemayfeelasthoughwehavelefttherealworldbehind.

Sohowdoourmindsusethelettersonthepagetoletusstepintotheshoesofourfavoritecharactersandexperiencetheeventsinastory?

Recentstudiesshowthatthereasonisbecauseourmindsreallydopretendthatweareactuallyparticipatinginthestory.Justlikeaflightsimulator（模拟器）allowstrainingpilotstopracticeflyingaplane,storiesseemtobealifesimulator,allowingourmindstopretendtheyaredoingallsortsofinterestingactivities.Letustakealookatsomeofthesestudies.

Inonesetofstudies,scientistspresentedtheparticipantsintheirstudywithsentenceslike“Themansawthebirdinthesky”and“Themansawthebirdinthenest.”Participantsinthestudywouldreadthesentencesonacomputerscreen,andwouldthenseeanimageonthescreenthateithermatchedordidnotmatchthesentences.Peoplewouldclickabuttonfasterwhenthesentenceandimagematchedthanwhentheydidnotmatch.Noticethatthereisnothinginthesentencethattellstheparticipantsinthestudyhowthebirdshouldlook—bothsentencessimplysay,“thebird”.So,whenpeoplearefastertorespondtothematchingimage,wecanconcludeitisbecauseofperceptual（感觉的）simulation.

Innewresearch,scientistsarealsobeginningtofindthatdifficultycreatingthesementalsimulationsisrelatedtodifficultyunderstandingandfollowingstoriesthatarelongerandmoredetailed.So,forsomechildren,notbeingabletoseethestoriesintheirmindsmaymakeitharderforthemtokeeptrackofeverythingthatisgoingonandwhere,whenandwhyitisgoingon.Thismeansthatthisresearchisimportant,notonlybecauseittellsussomethinginterestingabouthowourmindsworkbutalsobecausethefindingscouldsomedayhelpteachersandparentsfindnewwaystohelpchildrenwhoarehavingdifficultywithreading.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,readersarelikelyto　　　. 

A.getlostinabook

B.forgetwhattheyhaveread

C.havedifficultykeepingreading

D.getdifferentfeelingsfromthesamebook

2.Aflightsimulatorismentionedto　　　. 

A.showtheadvantagesofreading

B.explainhowtoreadmoreefficiently

C.showthedifferencesbetweenreadingandflying

D.explainwhathappensinourmindswhilereading

3.WhatcanweinferfromthestudiesmentionedinParagraph3?

A.Readersaregoodatmatching.

B.Readerspreferimagestowords.

C.Readersareusuallyveryimaginative.

D.Readerscreatementalimageswhilereading.

4.Theresearchfindingsmentionedinthetextmayhelp　　　. 

A.peoplereadcarefullyfordetails

B.peoplereadshortarticlesquickly

C.thosewhofinditdifficulttoread

D.thosewhoshownointerestinreading

B

Manyyearsago，whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren，aged2and4，wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myinlawslivedfromhandtomouth，sowedidn'

texpectanyhelpfromthem.Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway，andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.

Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruck，carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers，butitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.

Welivedinthecountryside，andwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.Onewinterevening，Isteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.Itwasnearlydark，andIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.

Itwasheavy，soIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinside，wediscoveredtwoloavesofbread，somebutter，severalcansofvegetables，acanoforangesauce，andalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'

trememberitall，butitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinner—everythingexceptpotatoes.

AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadn'

ttakenthetrashtothebarrel.Bynowitwasdark，soIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthat'

swhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.

ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.

Weweren'

tabletothankourdonators，though，becauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwas，weareforevergrateful.

1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1?

A．Generous.B．Harmonious.

C．Penniless.D．Stubborn.

2．Howdidtheauthor'

shusbandsupportthefamily?

A．Bystartingagarage.

B．Bysellingfooddoortodoor.

C．Bydeliveringgoods.

D．Byworkingasashopassistant.

3．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasket?

A．Shewasannoyed.

B．Shewasastonished.

C．Shewasterrified.

D．Shefeltasenseofrelief.

4．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A．Ahelpinghandintime

B．Astrugglingyoungcouple

C．Ataleofpotatoes

D．Arewardfromastranger

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，很多年前，我们生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。

丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。

一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。

“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。

【难句分析】TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'

分析：

该句由but连接的两个分句构成，其中第一个分句用了so...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于”；

第二个分句中weneededtofixawonderfuldinner为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。

译文：

有如此多的东西以至于我都记不全了，但除了土豆，我们准备一顿丰盛的晚餐所需要的东西都有了。

1．C　考查词义猜测。

根据第一段最后一句“Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway，andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation”可知，“我”的父母住在很远的地方，“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境；

结合该段中的“whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren，aged2and4，wewerepracticallyimpecunious”可知，我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻，据此可以推知，我们的日子过得相当贫穷，才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况。

据此可以判断，画线词意为“贫穷的”，故C项正确。

A项意为“慷慨的，大方的”，B项意为“和谐的，和睦的”，D项意为“固执的”，都与语境不符。

2．C　考查细节理解。

根据第二段第一句的“Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruck，carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生，故C项正确。

3．B　考查细节理解。

根据第三段最后两句“Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood”可知，看到一篮子的食物，“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛；

据此可以判断，作者很惊讶，故B项正确。

A项意为“她感到恼怒”，C项意为，“她感到害怕”，D项意为“她感到欣慰”，都与第三段最后两句的语境不符。

4．A　考查标题判断。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。

据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，体现文章主旨，故A项正确。

Ⅱ.完形填空

（2016·

郑州第二次质量预测）

IhadjuststartedmysecondyearstudyingatCambridgeUniversitywhenIwasfacedwiththenewsIhadneverexpected.Alumpinmyneck　1　outtobecancer.Iwould　2　sixmonthsofchemotherapy（化疗）. 

Aftertheshock,Iwasstruckbythisthought:

my　3　didn’thaveanyroomforcancer.IhadsomuchIwantedto　4　andsomanygoalsIwantedtochase. 

Iwasfacedwiththe　5　joboftellingmyfriendsandfamily.Then,Ihadtodecidewhetherto　6　inCambridgeandtakefiveexamsattheendoftheyear.Mydoctor　7　againstit,andsodidmyparentsandteachers. 

Mydoctorsandteachersconvincedmethattakingsometimeoffto　8　andrelaxwouldbethebestthingforme.Icouldnotthinkofanything　9　.Ididnotwantto　10　ayearofmylife,receivingpityfromthosearoundme. 

Togetherwithmyparents,Itriedtopersuadetheuniversityto　11　metostayatCambridgeandstudyonlyhalfthecourse.AttheendoftheyearIwouldtaketwoexams.Itwasreallya　12　topersuadethemtoagree. 

TreatmentbeganandIwasupanddownfromCambridgetoLondoneveryotherweek.Itmademefeel　13　,buttoamuchlesserdegreethanIhadexpected.Iwas　14　toread,eatandsocializeexactlyasIusedto.Isleptalotandrestedalot,butIalsoworkedhardatmystudies.Itgavemefocus,anditalsogavemepurpose.Completingmy　15　attheendofthetermfeltlikeagreatpersonalvictory. 

Itooka　16　tocontinuestudyingwhileundergoingtreatment,andit　17　.Iwassuccessf