1986全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案文档格式.docx
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andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist--andespeciallytheadministrator--dealswithpeople;
hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;
andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.
Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou--butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;
itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.
26.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor________.
[A]allroundpeopleintheirownfields
[B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople’swork
[C]generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional
[D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers
27.Thespecialistis________.
[A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople
[B]amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields
[C]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees
[D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters
28.Theadministratoris________.
[A]a“trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist
[B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest
[C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities
[D]amanwhoisan“educated”specialist
29.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant________.
[A]totrytobeageneralist
[B]tochooseaprofitablejob
[C]tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou
[D]todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist
30.Aman’sfirstjob________.
[A]isnevertherightjobforhim
[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob
[C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob
[D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob
Test2
AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld--theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.
Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeareinhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia--aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulofweatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.
31.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe________.
[A]Iceland[B]LandofOpportunity[C]TheUnknownContinent[D]UtopiaatLast
32.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas________.
[A]verylimited[B]vast[C]fairlyrich[D]nonexistent
33.Antarcticaisborderedbythe________.
[A]PacificOcean[B]IndianOcean[C]AtlanticOcean[D]Allthree
34.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby________.
[A]coldair[B]calmseas[C]ice[D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent
35.Accordingtothisarticle________.
[A]2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent
[B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole
[C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpractical
[D]onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica
1986年参考答案
ReadingComprehension(10points)
26.[B]27.[D]28.[C]29.[D]30.[B]
31.[C]32.[A]33.[D]34.[A]35.[C]
1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionII:
Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,”whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.
Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.
Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.
Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreandremoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:
deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.
11.Peopleexpectthat________.
[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters
[B]helicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenowdoing
[C]theimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer’sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuture
[D]theirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftoday
12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof________.
[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop
[B]arotatingdevicetopside
[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend
[D]arotatingfanunderneathforlifting
13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?
[A]Helicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.
[B]Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.
[C]Helicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.
[D]Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.
14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?
[A]Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.
[B]Theyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.
[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.
[D]Theyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.
15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?
[A]Foroverseaspassengertransportation.
[B]Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.
[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.
[D]Forurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.
Text2
InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswe