动词的时态和语态Word格式文档下载.docx
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一般过去时
It’stime+句子（过去的某种时态）
It’shigh/good/greattime+句子（过去的某种时态）
It’sgreattimewetookmeasurestoreducepollution.
比较：
Hewouldrather_____anotherchance.
A.giveB.togive
C.gaveD.begiven
Hewouldratheryou______hishometomorrow.
A.togoB.go
C.wentD.willgo
Sbwouldratherdosth
Sbwouldrathernotdosth
Sbwouldrather+句子（谓语动词用过去的某种时态）
Iwouldratheryou______methenewsthatday.
A.didn’ttellBhadn’ttell
C.nottellD.nothavetold
**有时，句中并没有明显的表示过去的时间状语，须从上下文判断。
“Yourphonenumberagain?
I_____quitecatchit.”
“It’s64592100.”
A.didn’tB.couldn’t
C.don’tD.can’t
Idon’tthinkJimsawme;
he______intothesky.
A.juststareB.wasjuststaring
C.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared
将来时的几种表达法
will+原形
begoingtodo
beabouttodo
betodo
，但有条件句或表示假设的时间状语从句的主句中，一般都使用will而不是
begoingto
Ifaman____succeed,hemustworkashardashecan.
A.willB.isgoingto
C.istoD.isaboutto
Darkcloudsaregatheringinthesky.There_____astorminaminute.
A.willbeB.isgoingtobe
C.isabouttobeD.istobe
现在进行时
atthemoment;
now;
atpresent
表语气belookingforwardtodoing
Bedyingtodo;
belongingtodo…
Beexpectingtodo
Come;
go;
leave;
arrive;
用于经常不断的行为，带有感情色彩，表示说话人对此行为的“赞许、抱怨、反感”等情绪，常与always;
constantly;
forever;
continually等副词连用。
Theyareforeverquarrelling.
Theshopassistantisalwayssmiling.
现在完成时
A.从过去某时到现在为止所发生的情况或总和
Howmanypagesofthestoryhaveyoucovered?
B.对现在依然有影响的情况和动作
Seewhatyou’vedone!
You’vegrownintoayoungman!
有下面的时间状语要用完成时：
for,since,sofar,uptonow,inthepastfewyears（days）,recently;
（inrecentyears）;
lately;
already;
yet;
inthepast
inthepast/last…years/months/weeks…
Itisthefirst（second）timethatsbhasdonesth
有具体过去时间，不用完成时
动词不可延续，伴有连续时间状语，不用完成时。
如：
╳WehavecometoShanghaiforalmostthreemonths.
Keep-borrowbuy-havedie-bedead
Leave-beaway（from）
marry-bemarried
join-beinbegin-beon
getup-beupreturn—beback
他入党已十多年了。
现在完成进行时
过去某一时间开始发生到现在还在继续的动作或情况。
或者动作刚停止。
Ithasbeenrainingforthreedays.
She___onthisessayfortwentyminutesbutshehaswrittenonlyaboutahundredwords.
A.willbeworking
B.worked
C.hasbeenworking
D.willhaveworked
过去完成时
表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作（过去的过去）。
Hedidn’tdotothecinemayesterday;
forhe____itbefore.
A.hasseenB.hadseenC.saw
Hewasverysad,becausehedidn’tfind
ajobthoughhe_____foritforthree
months
A.waslookingB.hasbeenlooking
C.lookedD.hadlooked
常和by;
bythetime;
bytheendof…….等连用
Hehadsleptfor12hoursby8o’clock.
Hehadfinishedcleaningthehousebythetimeyoucameback.
Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned4000Englishwords.
与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气
Ifsbhaddonesth…,.wouldhavedonesth
Ifyouhadcometothelecturethatday,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.
Iwishit____（be）mybirthdaytoday.
Iwishit____（be）mybirthdaythedaybeforeyesterday.
Nosooner….than….
Hardly…..when….
Scarcely…..when….
Barely……when…..
Nosoonerhadhearrivedhomethanitbegantorain
正常语序：
Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.
assoonas…
●expect;
hope;
intend;
mean;
suppose;
think;
want等表示过去未实现的愿望或表意图。
Sbhadwanted/meant/hoped…todosth
=sbwanted/meant/hopedtohavedone
Ihadmeanttogiveyouthemoneythismorning,butsomehowIforgot.
=Imeanttohavegiven……
Itis+一段时间+since…didsth
Ithasbeen+一段时间+since…didsth
Itwas+一段时间+since….haddonesth
（上下文）
ItismanyyearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.
LastweekendIgotdrunk.It____（be）manyyearssinceI______（enjoy）myselfsomuch.
It+willbe/won’tbe/maybe+一段时间+
before…（一般现在时）
Itwillbemanyyears____TaiwanreturnsbacktotheChinesemainland.
A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.until
It+was+一段时间+before+过去式。
。
Itwasmanyyearsbeforetheymetagain.
似乎才过了几分钟他就解出了那道物理题。
（before）
动词的语态
被动语态：
动作的执行者不明或无需指明
PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina.
什么情况下主动形式表被动意义
1）联系动词（表示感官的系动词）如：
taste,sound,look,smell,feel用主动表示被动。
appear;
seem;
remain;
feel;
stay;
keep;
grow;
fall;
turn;
become;
get等.
Thisdishtastesgood.
Yourideasoundswonderful.
Thefoodremainsuntouched
Howdoesseawaterstayclean?
Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatdon’tkeeplong.
2）一些动词与well;
easily;
smoothly等连用，表示物体的内在性质
burn;
clean;
cook;
cut;
drive;
read;
sell;
write;
wash;
wear（经磨；
耐穿；
磨损）pay;
Thecardriveswell,soitsellswell.
Themynewly-boughtballpenwritessmoothly.
Thepoemreadswell.
Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.
Thejobpayswell.
3）sthweigh/measure+数字
Theroommeasures5by8feet.
Theelephantweighs1.5tons.
4）不及物动词没有被动语态
rise;
decrease;
happen;
takeplace;
belong;
breakout;
last;
occur;
consistof等
Greatchanges_____sincethe1990s.
A.tookplaceB.havebeentakenplace
C.weretakenplaceD.havetakenplace
_____thatIwasoutwhentheycametoseeme.
A.Itwashappened
B.Itsohappened
C.Ittookplace
D.Itoccurred
5）Aprove/turnouttobe结果证明是；
（却原来是）
Heprovedtobeatruefriend.
Sbbetoblame
Sthbetolet
Sth+adj+todo
6）sthneed/require/want/deservedoing
=tobedone
beworthdoing
beworthytobedone
beworthyofbeingdone
1.Hesteppedintotheoffice,_____downandbegantofillintheforms.
A.sittingB.tosit
C.satD.havingit
2.Shesaidshewouldtelephonebutwe_____fromhersofar.
A.haven’theardB.didn’thear
C.hadn’theardD.won’thear
3.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm____fortenminutes.
A.hasbegunB.hadbegun
C.hadbeenonD.was
4.I’llgowithyoutheinstantI____myhomework.
A.willfinishB.finish
C.amfinishingD.finished
6.ThenovelissoattractivethatI_____itallmorningandhavecovered8chapterssofar.
A.wouldbereadingB.haveread
C.havebeenreadingD.hadread
7.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They____welland____already.
A.sell;
havebeensoldout
B.sold;
hadsoldout
C.sell;
sellout
D.aresold;
havebeensoldout
8.”Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.
“Oh,howniceofyou!
I_____you_____tobringmeagift.”
A.neverthink;
aregoing
B.neverthought;
weregoing
C.didn’tthink;
weregoing
D.hadn’tthought;
9.WhenIwasatcollegeI_____threeforeignlanguages,butI_____allexceptforafewwordsofeach.
A.spoke;
hadforgotten
B.spoke;
haveforgotten
C.hadspokenhadforgotten
D.hadspoken;
10.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_____andalotofthings____.
Ahasbrokeninto;
hasbeenstolen
B.hadbrokeninto;
hadbeenstolen
C.hasbeenbrokeninto;
stolen
D.hadbeenbrokeninto;
stolen
11.Ididn’tlikeAuntLucy,who_____withoutwarningandbringingussomethingwedidn’tcarefor.
A.alwaysturnedup
B.hasalwaysturnedup
C.hadalwaysturnedup
D.wasalwaysturningup
12.Mary_____adresswhenshecutherfinger.
A.madeB.ismaking
C.wasmakingD.makes
13.Thestudents_____busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe_____intheoffice.
A.hadwrittenleft
B.werewriting;
hasleft
C.hadwritten;
hadleft
D.werewriting;
hadleft
14.——Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?
——Noyet,therooms_____,
A.arebeingpaintedB.arepainting
C.arepaintedD.arebeingpainting
15.“Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.
“Whatdoyousuppose____toher?
”
A.washappeningB.tohappen
C.hashappenedD.havinghappened
16.“Doyouknowourtownatall?
“No,thisisthefirsttimeI_____here.”
A.wasB.havebeen
C.cameD.amcoming
17.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
18.They____theairconditionerlastnight,andtheyarelikelytofinishthejobtoday.
A.repairedB.hadrepaired
C.wererepairingD.wouldrepair
19.Tom_____intothehousewhennoone_____.
A.slipped;
waslooking
B.hadslipped;
looked
C.slipped;
hadlooked
D.wasslipping;
20.ThelasttimeI_____Janeshe____cottoninthefields.
Ahadseen;
waspicking
B.saw;
picking
C.hadseen;
picked
D.saw;
waspicking
27.——I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.
——Oh,notatall.I____hereonlyafewminutes.
A.havebeenB.hadbeen
C.wasD.willbe
28.Idon’treallyworkhere.I____untilthenewsecretaryarrives.
A.justhelpout
B.havejusthelpedout
C.amjusthelpingout
D.iscompleted
29.The____lookonhisfacesuggestedthathe____that.
A.surprising;
hadn’texpectedB.surprised;
hadn’texpected
C.surprising;
wouldexpectD.surprised;
shouldn’texpect
30.Nobodykne
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