M小学英语非谓语动词第02讲110Word文件下载.docx
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Ihatetoreadletterswritteninpencil.
Weneedmoretrainednurses.
Thingsseenfrombehindseemalittledifferent.从背后看到的东西显得稍有不同。
Exercise1
1.TheOlympicGames,____in776B.C.didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.
A.firstplaying
B.tobefirstplayed
C.firstplayed
D.tobeplaying
2.What’sthelanguage____inGermany?
A.speaking
B.spoken
C.bespoken
D.tospeak
3.Mostofthepeople____tothepartywerefamousscientists.
A.invited
B.toinvite
C.beinginvited
D.inviting
4.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.
A.havingwritten
B.tobewritten
C.beingwritten
D.written
5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.
A.beingtied
B.havingtied
C.tobetied
D.tied
6.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.
A.followed
B.following
C.tobefollowed
D.beingfollowed
7.Thecars____inBeijingareasgoodasthose____inShanghai.
A.produce,produceB.produced,produced
C.produced,producingD.producing,producing
⑵用作表语:
分词用作表语时,已经完全形容词化了,可以被very,rather等副词修饰,而且可以有比较等级。
①现在分词作表语,表示主语的特征或和连系动词连用构成进行时态。
Thebookisinteresting.
Thepresentsituationismoreencouragingthaneverbefore.
Thegirliswateringthetrees.
现在分词作表语一般可以译成“使、令…的”
②过去分词作表语,和连系动词一起表示主语的状态或表示被动语态(动词应是及物动词)。
Theglassisbroken.
Sheisquitepleased.
TheglasswasbrokenbyLiHua.
请比较:
Thiscupisbroken.Howaboutthatone?
这只杯子是破的,那只怎么样?
(系表结构)
Thecupwasbrokenbymybrother.杯子被我弟弟打破了。
(被动语态)
同类别词组:
interesting---interestedexciting---excitedboring—boredrelaxing—relaxedembarrassing---embarrassedsurprising---surprised
Exercise2
1.Thenewssounds____.
A.encouraging
B.encouraged
C.encourage
D.toencourage
2.—HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?
—Well,hisfatherseems____withhisresults.
A.pleasing
B.please
C.pleased
D.toplease
3.—Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?
—Theygotvery____.
A.excite
B.excited
C.excitedly
D.exciting
4.We’re___tolistentoher____voice.It’s___tohearhersing.
A.pleased;
pleasing;
pleasureB.pleased;
pleasant;
apleasure
C.pleasing;
pleased;
apleasureD.pleasing;
pleasure
5.Theresultofthetestwasrather_____.
A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint
6.Thegroundis_____with____leaves.
A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen
⑶用作宾语补足语:
①现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行,动作是宾语发出的,主动的,多用于使役动词或感官动词之后。
如:
see,watch,hear,feel,smell,notice,find;
have,get,leave,keep
Wesawalightburninginthewindow.
Ican'
tgettheclockgoingagain.
Isawhimtalkingwiththedoctor.
Hekeptthemachinerunningfortenhours.
易错点:
havesb.dosth.=letsb.dosth.
havesb.doingsth.=keepsb.doingsth.
Isawtheoldmancrossingthestreet.我看见那个老人在过街。
(表示动作正在进行)
Isawtheoldmancrossthestreet.我看见那个老人过街的。
(表示动作已发生过)
②过去分词作宾补,多表示宾语的状态或被动意义。
动作是宾语发不出来的,多用于使役动词、感官动词和like,want,wish,order等表示“希望”“要求”等意义的动词后面。
特别注意“have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构的用法。
Ihavetohavemyhaircut.
Youshouldmakeyourselfunderstoodbyall.
Wehaveneverseenthemountaincoveredinsnow.我们从未见那座山被雪覆盖过。
Exercise3
1.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____inbed,dead.
A.lying
B.lie
C.lay
D.laying
2.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?
—I’dliketohavethepackage____,madam.
A.beweighed
B.tobeweighed
C.toweigh
D.weighed
3.HeisnotgoodatEnglish,soitisnoteasyforhimtomakehimself______.
A.understand
B.understanding
C.understood
D.understands
4.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair____againstyourface.
A.moved
B.moving
C.moves
D.tomove
5.Hereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimself____aboutwhat’sgoingonintheworld.
A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed
6.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_____apatient.
A.examineB.examiningC.toexamineD.examined
⑷用作状语:
分词用作状语,具有多种语义。
①现在分词作状语,多用来表示伴随、时间、原因、方式等。
现在分词作状语它的逻辑主语是主句的主语。
如果分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,并且已经完成,用现在分词的完成形式。
Theystoodbytheroad,readingbooks.
Havingsteppedintothecave,Crusoelitafire.
Hearing/Whenhearinganoise,theystoppedtalking.(=Whentheyheard….)
听到喧闹声,他们便停止了谈话。
(时间状语)
Shesattherereadinganewspaper.(=…andreadanewspaper.)她坐在那里看报纸。
(伴随状况状语)
②过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语一样,可以表示伴随、时间、原因、方式等。
过去分词作状语必须注意它表示的动作是该句主语发不出来的或表示主语的状态,但其逻辑上的主语应是主句的主语。
When(wateris)heated,waterchangesintosteam.
Deeplymoved,shecouldn’tsayaword.(=Asshewasdeeplymoved….)
她深受感动,一句话也说不出来。
(原因状语)
现在分词的完成式,否定式,被动形式:
Havingworkedamongtheworkersformanyyears,heknewthemverywell.
Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem.
Canyouseethebuildingbeingbuilt?
Havingbeenputintoprison,hefelthopeless.
Exercise4
1.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
A.Notreceiving
B.Receivingnot
C.Nothavingreceived
D.Havingnotreceived
2.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.
A.havingadded
B.toadd
C.adding
D.added
3.“Can’tyouread?
”Marysaid,____tothenotice.
A.angrilypointing
B.andpointangrily
C.angrilypointed
D.andangrilypointing
4.____asatisfactoryoperation,thedoctorbelievedthepatientwouldrecoverfromhisillnessverysoon.
A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven
5.Hewalkeddownthehills,____softlytohimself.
A.singB.singingC.sungD.tosing
6.Atthismomentthebellrang,_____theendofclass.
A.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.toannounce
7.Thechildsatinthedentist’schair____.
A.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.totrembled
▲温馨提示:
现在分词与过去分词可采用图表法进行比较学习:
功能
例句
说明
现在分词
过去分词
定语
Thegirlstandinginfrontoftheclassroomismyroommate.
Pleasegivemeyourwrittenexercises.
作定语,其逻辑主语为其所修饰的词。
作定语,其逻辑宾语为其所修饰的词。
状语
Theteacherswentoutofthebuilding,talkingandlaughing.
Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.
分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。
表语
Thesituationisencouraging.
Theboyistooexcitedtoutteraword.
表示主语的性质,特征
表示某种状态
补足语
YesterdayJimkeptuswaitingforalongtime
IheardLilysingingintheclassroom.
He’llhavehishaircuttomorrow.
被补足的宾语或主语是其逻辑主语,即主动关系
被补足的宾语或主语是其逻辑宾语,即被动关系
3.有些动词既可以接动名词作宾语,又可以接不定式作宾语
(1)意思差别不大的动词:
begin,start等:
在begin,start,hate,like,love,prefer等动词后,用动名词或不定式作宾语,意思上几乎没有什么区别。
常见词汇:
开始喜欢爱恨交织(begin,start,prefer,like,dislike,love,hate)
Theteachersaid,“Youbeginwritingnow,”andthechildrenbegantowrite.
Willyoustartreading/toread?
Soyoupreferliving/toliveabroad?
有时,like后接动名词时,表示经常性的爱好;
后接不定式时,表示一次性的或独特的爱好。
Iliketravelingand,especially,totravelwithfriends.
Hedoesn’tlikereading,buthelikestoreadnewspapersinbed.
(2)意思差别的动词如下:
★forget,remember,regret等:
在forget,remember,regret后,用动名词作宾语表示已做过的事情,用不定式表示要去做的事情。
Irememberpostingtheletter.(已经做过)
Remembertoposttheletter.(没有做)
Iwillneverforgetseeinghimforthefirsttime.
Heforgottodohishomework.
★stop,goon等:
在stop,goon后,用动名词作宾语表示“(停止或继续)做同一件事”,用不定式表示“(停下来或接下去)做另一件事”。
Theystoppedtalking.
Theystoppedtotalk.
Theteacheraskedustogoonreading.
Theteacheraskedustogoontoread.
★need,want等:
在need,want后,用动名词作宾语具有被动意义,和用被动态的不定式在意义上一样。
Thisroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.
Theoldwatchwantsrepairing/toberepaired.
★allow,mean,try
allowdoingsth.允许做某事
allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
例:
Wedon'
tallowsmokinghere.
Wedon'
tallowstudentstogooutonschooldays.
★meantodo打算,想
meandoing意味着
Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.
Doingthatmeanswastingtime.
★trytodosth.努力去做某事
trydoingsth.试着去做某事
Pleasetrytodobetternexttime.
HetriedspeakingEnglishtome.
比较trytodosth.:
努力做某事,不一定成功。
managetodosth.努力做某事,且成功了。
Exercise5
1.James,I’mtootired.Let’sstop______arest.
A.havingB.haveC.tohavingD.tohave
2.–Marydancesbestinourschool.
--Iagree.I’llneverforget_______herdanceforthefirsttime.
A.seeingB.toseeC.seeD.seen
3.Don’tforget_________anumbrella_____you.It’sgoingtorain.
A.totake,toB.taking,toC.totake,withD.taking,with
4.Dannydidallkindsofthingstomakebaby_______.
A.tostopcryingB.stopcryingC.tostoptocryD.stoptocry
5.Mr.Brownaskedustostop_______,andwestopped________tohimatonce.
A.talking,tolistenB.totalk,tolistenC.talking,