剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读Word文件下载.docx

剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读Word文件下载.docx

《剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读Word文件下载.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Whichpassagedoeseachsentencereferto?

Foreachsentence1-8,markoneletterA1B,C,DorEonyourAnswerSheet.

Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.

　　Example:

　　Hehasdevelopedhisowncompanytopromotehiswork.

　　0ABCDE

　　1Othersinhisfieldthinkveryhighlyofhim.

　　2Hisideashavespreadbeyondthebusinessworld.

　　3Hefeltthatpeopleshouldbeabletoenjoytheirwork.

　　4Hisideasaremorecomplexthantheyseem.

　　5Hedidavarietyofinterestingthingsbeforewritinghisbooks.

　　6Hismostsuccessfulbookwaswrittenwithacolleague.

　　7Heisparticularlyskilledatforecastingimportantdevelopments.

　　8Contactwiththemilitarywasanearlyinfluenceonhisthinking.

　　AJohnAdair

　　AdairisthepioneeringBritishthinkerinthetheoryofleadership.HewasthefirstpersonintheUKtoholdaprofessorshipinBusinessLeadershipandhaspublishedaseriesofinfluentialbooksonthesubject.

　　Despitehisquietappearance,Adairhashadacolourfullife,servinginaBedouinregimentandworkingonanArcticfishingboat!

HisinitialinterestinleadershipcamefromhisarmyexperienceandheusedtolectureatthehighlyprestigiousacademywhereBritisharmyofficesaretrained.Henowworksasaninternationalconsultant.

　　BEdwarddeBono

　　DeBonoisunusualamongmajorgurusfortworeasons:

firstly,hewasbornnotinoneofthegreatindustrialnationsbutonthetinyislandofMalta.Secondly,hisideashavereachedawideraudiencethanjustmanagers,sothathisbookshavebecomeessentialrendinginmanydifferentdisciplines.

　　MostofdeBonosworkhasbeenconcernedwiththewayhumanbeingscantrainthemselvestothinkmorecreatively.Thisapparentlysimpleideahasresultedin37booksandahighlysuccessfulcareerasalecturerandconsultant.

　　CPeterDrucker

　　ProbablynoothersinglethinkerhasdoneasmuchasDruckertoestablishmanagementasaseriousareaofstudy.Certainly,hisfellowmanagementthinkersconsiderhimoneofthefoundingfathersofthediscipline,andhisbooksandarticlesarequotedmorethanthoseofanyothermanagementwriter.

　　Hisfirstbookwaspublishedasfarbackas1939,yetheisstillwritingandteaching.Hisgreatestdistinctionhasbeenhisabilitytopredictcomingtrendsinbusinessandeconomics.Asaresult,hisideasaretreatedwiththegreatestrespectandinterest.

　　DFrederickHerzberg

　　Althoughrelativelyfewcontemporarymanagementstudentswillhavereadhisbooks,Herzbergsnameisinstantlyrecognisabletoanyonewhohasstudiedindustrialorganisations.ThisisbecausetheAmericanpsychologistwasresponsibleforintroducingtheconceptofmotivationintomanagementthinking.

　　Asayoungman,Herzbergbecamedeeplyinterestedinmentalillnessandthehumanneedformentalandemotionalsatisfaction.Thisledhimtocriticisetheapproachofmanycompaniestojobdesign,andtoarguefortheneedforjobenrichmenttostimulateemployeesefforts.

　　ETomPeters

　　TheAmericansreputationwascreatedintheI980sbythespectacularsuccessofonebook,InSearchofExcellence,co-writtenwithRobertWaterman.Thetwowereworkingtogetherasmanagementconsultantsandno-oneexpectedtheirfirst（andonly）booktoendupselling5millioncopiesworldwide!

　　Althoughhisideashavebeencriticised,Peterspopularityasaspeakerandwriterhascontinuedtogrow.SomuchsothatPetershascreatedhisownbusinesstomarketbooks,videosandconsultancybasedonhiswork.

　　PARTTWO

　　Questions9-14

Readthistextfromanarticleabouthealthclubs.

Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofillineachofthegaps.

Foreachgap9-14,markoneletterA-HonyourAnswerSheet.

Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.

Thereisanexampleatthebeginning（0）.

　　Travelstressbringsboomtohealthclubs

　　Arapidgrowthinbusinesstravelhasprovidedalucrativespin-offforBritishhealthclubsascompaniestrytopreventhard-workingexecutivesfromsufferingtravel-relatedstress.

　　Healthclubsarefullybookedthroughoutthecomingmonthsallaroundthecountryandmanyareplanningtoexpandtheirfacilities.

　　0HAccordingtoGillieTurner,groupmarketingmanagerfortheChampneysgroupofhealthclubs,duringthelastrecessionexecutiveslostmanyoftheirextrabenefitsascompaniescutback..9ShesaysthatlargecompaniesalsoseemtohavedecidedthatitisnogoodsendingsomeonetoacountrylikeSpainasarewardfordoingagoodjob,becausetheywillsimplyeattoomuchandflopontoabeach..10

　　Champneys,thecompanyacknowledgedasthemarketleaderinthisfield,isnowplanningtointroduceaspecial"

ProfitingfromStress"

course,whichwillrunoverthreedays..11JonathonStapleton,generalmanagerofChampneys,saysthatmoderncorporatelifebeingwhatitis,mostbusinesstravellersfindthattheyarehavingtodotheworkwhich-evenayearago-wasdonebytwo.12

　　Tomeetthisnewdemand,otherhealthclubsarealsothinkingofintroducingsimilarschemes.ClareBrandish,thesalesandmarketingdirectorofanotherhealthclub,hasnoticedamarkedchangeintheclienteleatherclub..13

　　Businessesofallkindsareanxioustoreduceabsenteeism..14Muchoftheproblemiscausedbylongperiodsawayfromhome,irregularhours,businessentertainingandjetlag.

　　AccordingtotheGuildofBusinessTravelAgents,salesofbusiness-classairlineticketshaverisenby12%inthepastyear,hotelbookingshavegoneupby36%andcarhirehasrisenby24%.DaveReynolds,theGBTAchiefexecutive,saysthatthetroubleisthatthesamenumberofpeoplearebeingaskedtotravelmoreoften.Hecommentsthatitisno

　　wondertheyneedtotakeabreakinahealthclub.

　　AIthasbeencalculatedthatabout40millionworkingdaysarelosteachyearinBritainbecauseofstress,tentimesasmanyasarelost10industrialdisputes.

　　BThishasinvolvedaconsiderableriseinthenumberofbusinessbookings,whereaspreviouslymostclientscameasprivateindividuals.

　　CNowtheyarebeingrestored,asindustryrealisesthatthehealthofitsexecutivesisvital.

　　DButwhowillbenefitmostfromthesedevelopments?

　　EBecauseofthepressuresthisimposes,manycompanieshavenowdecidedthatitisworthwhilepayingfortheirseniorexecutivestotakeaproperbreakandgetadviceonhowtocombatstress.

　　FExecutivestakingpartinitwillbegivenmassagesandhealthtreatments,workoutsandarangeoftalksonhowtodealwithstress,especiallywhentravelling.

　　GSowhatsthereasonforthisnowtrend?

阅读真题二

　　0

Readthefollowingarticleonrecruitingandmanagingstaffandthequestionsontheoppositepage.

Eachquestionhasfoursuggestedanswersorwaysoffinishingthesentence,A,B,CandD.

MarkoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet,fortheansweryouchoose.

　　Asamanagerintheserviceindustrysector,IvelookedathundredsofCVsinmytime.Theyarenotnecessarilytheblanddocumentssomebossesmightthinktheyare!

Theyarefulloflittlepointerstowardsindividualspersonalitiesandsuitabilityforthejob.ThefirstthingIalwayslookatisanapplicantsemploymentrecord.Icheckforcontinuityandstability.Ifsomebodyhasalonglistofpreviousjobs,allofvaryinglength,alarmbellsstartringing.Ratherthananirregularroutefromjobtojob,whatIhopetoseeisstablecareerprogression.Whatdoestheircareerpathlooklike-isitallstepsforward,oraretherealotofsidewaysmoves?

AndIamalwayspleasedtofindafamilypersonwithchildren,becauseinmyexperiencetheytendtoberesponsibleandreliable.

　　IneverrelyonCVsalone.Wegetapplicantstofillinoneofourownapplicationforms.Weaskwhytheyveapplied,whattheiraspirationsandpersonalgoalsare,andalsoabouttheirinterestsandhobbiesandanyclubstheybelongto.Thatgivesyouausefulinsightintotheirpersonalityandlifestyle.Theapplicationformalsoenablesustotesthowmuchpeoplehaveactuallybeenprogressingintheircareers,becauseweaskfordetailsofthesalariestheyhavereceivedforeachjob.

　　ItsalwaysworthlookingatCVsanddesigningapplicationformswithgreatcare.Takingonemployeesmightberewarding,butitisalsoabiginvestmentforanybusiness.Mistakesinchoosingstaffcancostcompaniesdear,soitmakessensetospendtimeensuringyougettherightperson.

　　Intheservicesector,oneoftheaimsofcompaniesistomaintainandimprovecustomerservice,andthisisachievedpartlythroughlowstaffturnover.Youneedtotakeonpeoplewhounderstandthat,andwillwanttostay.Thatswhy,whenyouvetakenstaffon,thenextthingisgettingthebestoutofthem.

　　MymanagementstylecomesfromthedayswhenItookovermyfirstbusiness,anailingroadhaulagefirmwhichIwascertainIcouldturnintoaprofitablecompany.Thefirstthingistotreatothersasyoudliketobetreatedyourself.AssoonasItookoverthebusiness,Italkedtoeverybodyindividually,andlookedforwaystomakesuretheirparticularskillsbenefitedthecompany.

　　Ididnthavemuchexperiencethenofmanagingpeople,butaboveallIalwaystriedtobefairandhonestwitheveryone.Asaresult,Ithinkthestaffknewthatandacceptedmydecisions,eveniftheydidntagreewiththemall.Also,bossesmustbeabletocommunicate.Youalsoneedtocreateteamspirit,andbuildo